Analgesic options for placement of an intrauterine contraceptive: a meta-analysis.

Objective: Several randomised controlled trials have been published in the last few years which evaluated the efficacy of various analgesics in reducing visual analogue (VAS) pain scores during intrauterine device (IUD) placement. Their results seem to be conflicting and inconclusive.

Methods: We searched Medline (1966-2013), Scopus (2004-2013), Clinicaltrials.

Double versus single cervical cerclage for the prevention of preterm births.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness double cervical cerclage in reducing antenatal complications and improve perinatal outcomes.

Methods: We searched Medline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.org, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar search engines.

The effect of vaginal lubrication on unsatisfactory results of cervical smears.

Objective: Speculum lubrication with water-based gels before cervical smear sampling has been investigated and commented on thoroughly during the last decade. The present meta-analysis was based on randomized and quasi-randomized control trials and evaluated its impact on unsatisfactory cytologic results. We also assessed its efficacy in producing lower pain scores during speculum insertion.

First versus second stage C/S maternal and neonatal morbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

The rates of cesarean section at full cervical dilatation (second stage cesarean sections) are currently increasing. The purpose of the present study is to compare maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality among cases offered cesarean section at full dilatation to those offered cesarean section prior to full dilatation. We searched Medline, Scopus, Clinicaltrials.

Erythrocyte membrane AChE, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+) ATPase activities in mothers and their premature neonates in relation to the mode of delivery.

Aim: To investigate erythrocyte membrane AChE, Na(+), K(+)-ATPase and Mg(2+)-ATPase activities in mothers and their full-term or premature newborns in relation to the mode of delivery.

Methods: Blood was obtained from mothers pre- and post-delivery and the umbilical cord (CB) of their full-term newborns: Group A₁ (n = 16) born with vaginal delivery (VD), Group B₁ (n = 14) full-terms with scheduled cesarean section (CS), Group A₂ (n = 12) prematures with VD, Group B₂ (n = 14) prematures with CS. Total Antioxidant Status (TAS) and common laboratory tests were measured with routine methods, and the membrane enzyme activities spectrophotometrically.

Maternal-neonatal amino acid blood levels in relation to the mode of delivery.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the mode of delivery on maternal-neonatal amino acid levels as high blood levels of some amino acids are implicated with endurance exercise.

Design: Comparative study.

Sample: Thirty women in normal pregnancy divided into two groups: Group A (n=15) with normal labor and vaginal delivery and group B (n=15) with scheduled cesarean section.

The effect of the mode of delivery on maternal-neonatal interleukin-6, biogenic amine and their precursor amino acid concentrations.

Background: Biogenic amine, adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT) levels are related to interleukin-6 (IL-6) plasma concentrations and endurance exercise. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of the mode of delivery on maternal-neonatal IL-6, biogenic amine and their precursor amino acid levels.

Methods: Some women with normal pregnancy (n=56) were divided into two groups: group A (n=26) with normal labor and vaginal delivery, and group B (n=30) with scheduled cesarean section.

The effect of the mode of delivery on the maternal-neonatal carnitine blood levels and antioxidant status.

Background: Carnitine blood levels are closely related to beta-oxidation and implicated with strenuous muscle contractions. Normal delivery process is characterized by the participation of the uterus and most skeletal muscles.

Methods: Women with normal pregnancy (n = 56) were divided into two groups.

The effect of the mode of delivery on the maternal-neonatal erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase activity.

Unlabelled: Free radical production and high catecholamine levels are implicated with the modulation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the mode of delivery on maternal-neonatal erythrocyte membrane AChE activity.

Subjects And Methods: Some women with normal pregnancy (N = 30) were divided into two groups: group A (N = 16) with normal labour and vaginal delivery and group B (N = 14) with scheduled Cesarean section, twenty non-pregnant women were the controls.

Maternal-neonatal erythrocyte membrane Na(+), K (+)-ATPase and Mg (2+)-ATPase activities in relation to the mode of delivery.

Free radical production and high catecholamine levels are implicated in the modulation of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, and Mg(2+)-ATPase activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the mode of delivery on the above-mentioned enzyme activities in maternal-neonatal erythrocyte membrane. Women with normal pregnancy (N = 30) were divided into two groups: Group A (N = 16) with normal labor and vaginal delivery, and Group B (N = 14) with scheduled cesarean section; 20 non-pregnant women were the controls.