Anticoagulant-Related Nephropathy: A Common, Under-Diagnosed Clinical Entity.

Anticoagulant-related nephropathy (ARN) is a clinical entity consisting of the constellation of acute kidney injury (AKI) and hematuria in patients receiving anticoagulation therapy. It was formerly known as warfarin-induced nephropathy. The underlying pathogenesis remains yet to be fully clarified.

The Hidden Variable: A Case of Dasatinib-Induced Respiratory Failure.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors that target the BCR/ABL mutation have been used as therapies of BCR/ABL positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with significant results. Dasatinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with significant activity in Philadephia positive ALL which is resistant to imatinib, as well as in treatment-naïve patients. We present a case of an elderly patient with Philadelphia chromosome-positive ALL, who presented with acute hypoxic respiratory failure in the setting of active immunotherapy with dasatinib.

Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis- A Diagnostically Challenging Rare Clinical Entity.

Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis (TPP) is characterized by a classic triad of muscle paralysis, hypokalemia, and hyperthyroidism. The underlying thyroid disorder is often very subtle making it challenging to recognize TPP. It is a completely reversible condition if diagnosed early; however, it is associated with fatal outcomes if delayed.

Infective Endocarditis: A Rare Trigger of Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis in an Adult.

Immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgA vasculitis) is a small-vessel vasculitis usually triggered by bacterial or viral infections, antibiotics, and vaccinations. Although it is a disease of the pediatric population, it can occur in adults as well. We present a case of IgA vasculitis that was triggered by underlying infective endocarditis (IE).

A Rare Case of Flavocoxid-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by repetitive cycles of epithelial cell injury and dysregulated repair. Although most cases of pulmonary fibrosis are idiopathic, a detailed history that includes medications, comorbidities, tobacco use, environmental exposures, and family history should be taken to rule out secondary etiology. We present a case of flavocoxid-induced pulmonary toxicity which progressed from hypersensitivity pneumonitis to pulmonary fibrosis even after discontinuation of the offending drug.

Paraneoplastic Confusion: A Case of Anti-Hu Encephalitis.

Paraneoplastic manifestations are frequently seen in patients with small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) and can present as diverse clinical entities ranging from endocrinopathies to neurological conditions. Anti-Hu encephalitis is a rare paraneoplastic manifestation most commonly seen in patients with SCLC. This case highlights an SCLC patient who presented with behavioral changes, cognitive deficits, and memory issues, and was found to have anti-Hu encephalitis.

Proteome-based classification of Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

DNA/RNA-based classification of bladder cancer (BC) supports the existence of multiple molecular subtypes, while investigations at the protein level are scarce. Here, we aimed to investigate if Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer (NMIBC) can be stratified to biologically meaningful groups based on the proteome. Tissue specimens from 117 patients at primary diagnosis (98 with NMIBC and 19 with MIBC), were processed for high-resolution proteomics analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Metaplastic breast carcinoma: Current therapeutic approaches and novel targeted therapies.

Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MBC) is a rare subtype of invasive breast cancer consisting of various combinations of malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Its aggressive growth pattern combined with its histological heterogeneity account for MBC's characteristic resistance to systemic therapies, which subsequently leads to increased risk of recurrence and breast cancer mortality compared with other invasive mammary carcinomas. The aim of this review is to discuss the current therapeutic approaches, both in loco-regional as well as in systemic management of MBC.

Impact of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) signaling in coronary artery disease.

Coronary artery disease remains the leading cause of mortality in adult diabetic population with however, a high predominance also in non-diabetic subjects. In search of common molecular mechanisms and metabolic by-products with potential pathogenic role, increased advanced glycation end products (AGEs) present a critical biomarker for CAD development in both cases. Interaction of AGEs with their transmembrane cell receptor, RAGE in endothelial and smooth muscle cells as well as in platelets, activates intracellular signaling that leads to endothelial injury, modulation of vascular smooth muscle cell function and altered platelet activity.

Critical Role of IL-8 Targeting in Gliomas.

Background: Glioma is a heterogeneous, highly complicated central nervous system (CNS) tumor with uncertain mechanism of initiation and progression, resulting in an unfavorable outcome. An extended network of cytokines is recognized as a major regulator of glioma pathogenesis, either promoting or inhibiting glioma progression based on their type and specificity. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) has been revealed as a critical regulator of CNS function and development with participation in many CNS disorders including gliomas.