Survey of United States neurosurgeons on firearm injury prevention.

Objective: Firearm-related injuries and deaths are an endemic problem in the US, posing a burden on the healthcare system with significant social and economic consequences. As front-line care providers for these patients, neurosurgeons are both knowledgeable about these injuries and credible messengers in the public discussion of ways to reduce firearm injuries. The purpose of this study was to explore US-based neurosurgeons' views and behaviors regarding firearms to understand and define a potential role for neurosurgical organizations in advocacy efforts to reduce firearm death and injuries.

Visual Morbidity in Patients With Ophthalmic Segment Aneurysms Treated With Flow Diverters: A Dual-Center Experience.

Background And Objective: Flow diverter (FD) treatment for aneurysms of the ophthalmic segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) may raise concerns about visual morbidity related to coverage of the ophthalmic artery by the device. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and angiographic outcomes associated with FD treatment of these aneurysms, with particular emphasis on visual morbidity.

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis of the endovascular databases at 2 US centers to identify consecutive patients with aneurysms along the ophthalmic segment of the ICA that were treated with FDs between January 2010 and December 2022.

Feasibility and Safety of Transradial Aneurysm Embolization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Use of the transradial access (TRA) approach for neuroendovascular procedures has been increasing in recent years. Our aim is to assess the feasibility, success rate, and complications associated with TRA for intracranial aneurysm embolization.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were systematically searched for studies using TRA for intracranial aneurysm embolization.

Impact of Direct Admission Versus Interfacility Transfer on Endovascular Treatment Outcomes for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Mechanical thrombectomy is a proven treatment for large-vessel ischemic stroke with improved functional outcomes compared with intravenous thrombolytics. Access to thrombectomy-capable sites varies greatly by geography, often necessitating interhospital transfer of patients who first present to hospitals unable to provide thrombectomy. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to examine the impact of interhospital transportation on patient outcomes to better inform recommendations for prehospital protocols.

Trends in Endovascular Mechanical Thrombectomy in Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in the United States.

Background: Numerous randomized controlled trials have shown that endovascular mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an effective treatment for large vessel ischemic stroke. This study examines variation in rates of MT across the United States by geographic region and urban-rural areas to identify utilization disparities.

Methods: Data from the Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network were used to determine acute ischemic stroke (AIS) incidence by state for 2016.

Fixed Dose IV rt-PA and Clinical Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Patients With Body Weight >100 kg: Pooled Data From 3 Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background And Purpose: The ASA/AHA guidelines recommend a fixed dose of 90 mg of intravenous (IV) recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) for acute stroke patients weighing more than 100 kg. We aimed to determine if body weight >100 kg (and receiving <0.9 mg/kg dose) independently influence patient clinical outcomes following IV rt-PA treatment.

Early Outcomes after Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting for Carotid Stenosis in the ACS-NSQIP Database.

Background: Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) are both viable treatment options for carotid artery stenosis. We sought to compare perioperative outcomes after CEA and CAS for the management of carotid stenosis using a "real-world" sample.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to compare 30-day (periprocedural) outcomes in patients with carotid stenosis undergoing CEA versus CAS from 2005 to 2012.

Numerous Fusiform and Saccular Cerebral Aneurysms in Central Nervous System Lupus Presenting with Ischemic Stroke.

Central nervous system (CNS) involvement occurs in up to 50% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Cerebral aneurysm formation is a rare complication of CNS lupus. The majority of these patients present with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Transoral C2 biopsy and vertebroplasty.

Pathologic fractures involving the C2 vertebral body and odontoid process pose a unique dilemma, as the surgical approach for direct odontoid process screw fixation has several limitations. There have been a small number of transoral approach C2 vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty reported in the literature. Previous attempts were performed utilizing fluoroscopy or CT guidance.

Endoscopic endonasal transclival approach to a ventral pontine pediatric ependymoma.

The authors report a case of a recurrent pediatric ventral pontine ependymoma that they resected through an endonasal endoscopic transclival approach. Regarding the options for a surgical approach to ventral pontine tumors, traditional far-lateral approaches are associated with considerable morbidity due to the required muscle mobilization, brain retraction, and in-line obstruction of cranial nerves before reaching the target. The endoscopic endonasal transclival approach was made appealing by eliminating all of these concerns.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas: a review.

Spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (SDAVF) are a rare pathologic entity with a diverse and often misleading clinical presentation. While digital subtraction spinal angiography remains the gold standard, recent advances in noninvasive vascular imaging have improved the diagnosis of SDAVF. As this condition can result in permanent spinal cord injury, all patients require treatment, which consists of surgical or endovascular occlusion of the fistula.

The transclival endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for prepontine neuroenteric cysts: report of two cases.

Introduction: The transclival endoscopic endonasal approach was used to completely remove a prepontine neuroenteric cyst in two different patients.

Case Reports: Full clinical improvement without postoperative complication was achieved in both cases. The postoperative hospital stay was limited to 2 and 3 days.

Minimally invasive pituitary surgery.

Objectives/hypothesis: Surgical approaches to the pituitary have undergone numerous refinements over the last 100 years. The introduction of the endoscope and the advent of minimally invasive pituitary surgery (MIPS) have revolutionized pituitary surgery. This study aims to compile and evaluate outcomes of all of the MIPS performed at our institution.

Erythropoietin ameliorates chemotherapy-induced fibrosis of the lungs in a preclinical murine model.

Organ toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic drugs is a serious obstacle in the effective treatment of patients suffering from cancer and autoimmune disease. A strong association exists between pulmonary toxicity, particularly fibrosis, and chemotherapeutic drugs. Attempts have been made to identify compounds capable of suppressing fibrosis.