Effects of reduced extracellular sodium on proliferation and invasive activity of renal cell carcinoma cell lines.

Hyponatremia is the most common electrolyte disorder in cancer patients and is associated with a worse outcome. This finding has also been reported in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). We have previously demonstrated that low extracellular sodium concentrations ([Na]) increase cell proliferation and invasion in several human cancer cell lines.

Inhibition of ERK5 Elicits Cellular Senescence in Melanoma via the Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21.

Melanoma is the deadliest skin cancer with a very poor prognosis in advanced stages. Although targeted and immune therapies have improved survival, not all patients benefit from these treatments. The mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK5 supports the growth of melanoma cells and .