[CALCIUM LEVELS IN URINE SAMPLE IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH PREECLAPMSIA].

Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are still leading cause for maternal and perinatal death. Calcium metabolism is impaired significantly in women with preeclampsia. Measurement of calcium levels in 24 hours urine sample is easy, modern, fast and not expensive predictive test to reveal women in high risk of developing preeclampsia in late pregnancy.

[ANTENATAL APPLICATION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN LATE PRETERM BIRTHS].

The aim of the following study is to present the current evidence of antenatal use of corticoids in premature birth. The benefits of antenatal use of corticosteroids after 34 week of gestation is still a process of discussion.

[THE ROLE OF ESTROGENS IN THE CARCINOGENESIS OF LUNG CANCER].

Morbidity and mortality from lung cancer has dramatically increased in women as compared to men over the past few years. Historically, smoking has been considered the major risk factor for lung cancer regardless of gender. Several recent lines of evidence implicate gender differences in the observed differences in prevalence and histologic type which cannot be explained based on the carcinogenic action of nicotine.

Doppler velocimetry of the uterine arteries: an early screening test for miscarriage.

Introduction: According to the WHO, miscarriage is defined as "the loss of a pregnancy before the age of 20 weeks of gestation or fetal weight below 500 g". Only 50-60% of all conceptions fail to survive 20 weeks of gestation. It is estimated that about 75% of all unsuccessful conceptions are due to failed implantation and are not reported as spontaneous abortions.

[LEFT AND RIGHT UTERINE ARTERY DOPPLER AS EARLY SKREENING TEST OF THREATENED ABORTION OUTCOME.].

Human reproduction entails a fundamental paradox: although critical to the survival of the species, many aspects are inefficient and wastage seems excessive. Only 50-60% of all conceptions advance beyond 20 weeks of gestation. Miscarriage was defined by WHO as a loss of pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation or weight of baby under 500 gr.

Noise exposure during pregnancy, birth outcomes and fetal development: meta-analyses using quality effects model.

Background: Many women are exposed daily to high levels of occupational and residential noise, so the effect of noise exposure on pregnancy should be considered because noise affects both the fetus and the mother herself. However, there is a controversy in the literature regarding the adverse effects of occupational and residential noise on pregnant women and their fetuses.

Aim: The aim of this study was to conduct systematic review of previously analyzed studies, to add additional information omitted in previous reviews and to perform meta-analyses on the effects of noise exposure on pregnancy, birth outcomes and fetal development.

[The role of insulin resistace in preeclampsia].

Introduction: Contemporary data show that there is a link between insulin resistance and preeclampsia (PE) due to many common features.

Material And Methods: We examined 90 pregnant women at the clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University Hospital "St.George".

[Anti-Mullerian hormone- its role in the pathogenesis of the polycystic ovary syndrome].

Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is a glycoprotein produced by the granulosa ovarian cells with respect to the regulation of the follicular growth and development. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disturbances affecting 6-7 of women in reproductive age. Women with PCOS exhibit a number of metabolic and endocrine disturbances some of which are paramount in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

[The role of Dianatal Obstetric Gel in normal labor].

In the following study we present Dianatal Obstetric Gel and its role in normal labor. We would like to determine the effect of the Obstetric gel on first and second stage of labor as well as prevention of perineal trauma.

[Studies on the level of proinflammatory cytokines IIL-1a, IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis].

Unlabelled: Proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1a, IL-1b, IL-6, TNF-a) are important mediators of acute inflammation. We studied the levels of those cytokines in pregnant women with acute pyelonephritis. MATERIAL AND METHODS.

Hypovolemic shock due to giant uterus leiomyoma detachment.

Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is the most common benign gynecologic tumor of the reproductive age females. It is symptomatic only in 25% of the patients causing dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia or anemia. In some patients it occurs just as a palpable abdominal mass.

[Cornual heterotopic pregnancy: a case report].

Heterotopic pregnancy is the simultaneous development of an intrauterine pregnancy and ectopic pregnancy. We report a rare case of corneal heterotopic pregnancy at 9 weeks of amenorrhoea in a 30-year-old woman, after IVF. Because of the massive intraabdominal hemorrhage laparotomy was performed.

[Insulin resistance in preeclampsia].

Contemporary scientific data show that there is a link between insulin resistance and preeclampsia. Many features of the insulin resistance syndrome are common with this condition. These include hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, obesity and lipid abnormalities.

[Changes in bone mineral density of postmenopausal women in relation to the menstrual cycle length].

Unlabelled: There is a strong relationship between the age of menarche, the length of the menstrual cycle and menstrual bleeding and fracture risk in the postmenopausal period.

Objective: Evaluation of the menstrual cycle length and lumbar bone mineral density in postmenopausal women.

Materials And Methods: We investigated three groups of postmenopausal women (each - n = 50).

Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome--looking back and looking forward.

Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) is a symptom-based umbrella term for interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) in men. Unfortunately, no gold standard for diagnosis or treatment of UCPPS exists. We review several emerging theories on the etiology and pathogenesis of UCPPS with a special emphasis on genomic and proteomic technologies.

[Contraception among female students in Medical University of Plovdiv].

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the practice of contraception among female medical students in Medical University, Plovdiv.

Methods: Practice of contraception of 160 female medical students was assessed with an anonymous questionnaire.

Results: 152 students answer to the questionnaire (95%).

[Emergency contraception knowledge among students in Medical University of Plovdiv].

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge on emergency contraception (EC) by the students in Medical University of Plovdiv.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data was collected from 200 students from University of Plovdiv (Bulgaria) by a self-administered, anonymous questionnaire.

[Chemotherapy-sensitive uterine choriocarcinoma: a case report].

We report a case of uterine choriocarcinoma in a 42-year-old female presenting with abdominal pain, uterus enlargement, high serum levels of beta human chorionic gonadotropin (b-hCG) and a positive pregnancy test on two separate occasions. At laparatomy, blood and clots were observed in the abdomen, an enlarged uterus with tumor infiltrates in the uterus, appendix, bladder and plica vesico-uterina. Follwing hysterectomy and bilateral oophoorectomy, the patient received chemotherapy and was followed for two years.

[Cause-effect relatioships between circulating placental angiogenic proteins and serum IL-2, IL-6 and IL-10 levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia].

Aim: The object of the present study was to cause-effect relationships between serum placental angiogenic proteins and IL-2, IL-6, IL-10 levels in pregnant women with preeclampsia.

Material And Methods: We studied a total of 70 women, aget 18-36/25+/-4.1/40 women had preeclampsia, 30 had normal pregnancies and 30 women were healthy controls.

Bone mineral density of women aged 40-44 and 50-54 with normal menstruation.

Unlabelled: Osteoporosis is a worldwide health problem with a serious social impact on women. The susceptibility to fractures in this disease correlates closely with bone mineral density (BMD) underlying the importance of bone density testing and assessment of future fracture risk.

Aim: To determine the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) of premenopausal women aged 40-44 and 50-54 years.