Exploring Microelement Fertilization and Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Enhanced Productivity in and Aquaponic Systems.

This study explores the effects of varying exposure times of microelement fertilization on hydrochemical parameters, plant growth, and nutrient content in an aquaponic system cultivating L. (pepper) with ( L.).

Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Rapid Differentiation of Fresh and Frozen-Thawed Common Carp ().

This study aimed to investigate near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in combination with classification methods for the discrimination of fresh and once- or twice-freeze-thawed fish. An experiment was carried out with common carp (). From each fish, test pieces were cut from the dorsal and ventral regions and measured from the skin side as fresh, after single freezing at minus 18 °C for 15 ÷ 28 days and 15 ÷ 21 days for the second freezing after the freeze-thawing cycle.

Detection of Fungal Diseases in Lettuce by VIR-NIR Spectroscopy in Aquaponics.

One of the main challenges facing the development of aquaponics is disease control, due on one hand to the fact that plants cannot be treated with chemicals because they can lead to mortality in cultured fish. The aim of this study was to apply the visible-near-infrared spectroscopy and vegetation index approach to test aquaponically cultivated lettuce ( L.) infected with different fungal pathogens (, , and ).