Relationship between Modern ART Regimens and Immunosenescence Markers in Patients with Chronic HIV Infection.

The increased life expectancy of PLHIV (People Living with HIV) and the successful highly combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) poses new clinical challenges regarding aging and its co-morbid condition. It is commonly believed that HIV infection "accelerates" aging. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is characterized by inflammation and immune activation that persists despite cART, and that may contribute to the development of co-morbid conditions.

HPV-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas in patients living with HIV on long-term antiretroviral therapy: Case reports.

In the 1970s, human papillomaviruses (HPV) were ascertained as the aetiologic agents of cervical carcinoma. Subsequently, an association with HPV was established in other epithelial tumours, including squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). HPV has demonstrated a high potential for inducing oropharyngeal tumours, with HPV-16 infection posing a significant oncogenic risk.

Study on the Prevalence of as a Causative Agent of Lung Pathology in People with Different Immune Status.

Background: pneumonia (PCP) commonly affects immunocompromised individuals, whereas in immunocompetent persons, it occurs relatively rarely, and in most cases, the infection is detected as an asymptomatic colonization. The present study aimed to establish the prevalence of infection in human hosts with different immune status (immunocompromised and immunocompetent), using molecular diagnostic methods, and to compare their diagnostic value with that of classical staining methods.

Methods: We used the collected-to-this-moment data from a prospective study on the prevalence of pneumocystosis among the Bulgarian population.

Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance in Bulgaria Occurs in Clusters of Individuals from Different Transmission Groups and Various Subtypes (2012-2020).

Transmitted HIV drug resistance in Bulgaria was first reported in 2015 using data from 1988-2011. We determined the prevalence of surveillance drug resistance mutations (SDRMs) and HIV-1 genetic diversity in Bulgaria during 2012-2020 using polymerase sequences from 1053 of 2010 (52.4%) antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive individuals.

Case of Non-Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis in a Person Living with HIV - Clinical and Therapeutic Challenge.

Non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease which seldom affects adults. We report a case of a 32-year-old Bulgarian woman living with HIV. She developed severe anemia, extreme splenomegaly, requiring splenectomy and vertebral tumor formations leading to fracture.

Three cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in HIV-infected Bulgarian patients.

HIV-associated lymphoma was first classified as an AIDS-defining disease by the American Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 1985. Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are frequent malignancies in AIDS patients. The risk of NHL in the case of an underlying HIV infection is estimated to be 100 times greater than in the general population, and it increases with the progression of the retrovirus-related immunosuppression.