Publications by authors named "Dimitar Antonov"

Hemorrhagic rashes are observed in a wide variety of conditions, ranging from harmless to life-threatening. This review offers a stepwise approach, which helps limit the possible differential diagnoses based on the clinical manifestations and the clinical picture. The most common and most important conditions, including infectious, coagulation and embolic disorders, vasculitides, and vasculopathies, are briefly reviewed focusing on morphology.

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Purpuric lesions appear in acral distribution in a variety of conditions and often provide clues to the clinical diagnosis. Purpuric means "hemorrhagic"-that is, the lesions do not blanch from pressure. This review focuses on dermatoses that produce hemorrhagic lesions in acral distribution from the large groups of the vasculitic diseases and their mimics.

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Due to the ease of skin accessibility, a large variety of invasive and noninvasive in vitro and in vivo methods have been developed to study barrier function. The measurement of the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) is most widely used in clinical studies. The different methods of determining TEWL, as well as skin hydration, skin pH, tape stripping and other modern less widely used methods to assess skin barrier function, are reviewed, including Raman spectroscopy and imaging methods such as optical coherence tomography and laser scanning microscopy.

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Background: Exposure to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a known and controllable risk factor for skin cancer.

Objective: To study the UV exposure and protection behavior of the general population.

Methods: Structured interview survey.

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Hand dermatitis is a socially significant health problem. This review provides a discussion on the clinical features and patterns as well as the differential diagnosis of hand dermatitis, because these are essential for proper diagnosis in clinical practice. The morphology, however, is poorly related to the etiology in chronic cases.

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Background: Frequent skin cleaning fulfils the definition of occupational 'wet work'. Standardized methods are required to assess the irritation potential of workplace cleansers.

Objectives: To develop a standardized procedure for testing the irritation potential of occupational skin cleansers.

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Background: Irritant contact dermatitis remains a substantial problem in the food processing industries. Irritants that are weak by themselves, such as glove occlusion and mild detergents, could interact to produce contact dermatitis.

Objectives: To model the irritant action of an antibacterial hand cleanser and glove occlusion, with sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) as a positive control.

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Background: Neurosensory irritation is a subjective phenomenon induced by a number of chemicals. Objectives. To investigate the sensory irritation induced by two organic solvents - n-octane and cumene - between two groups of volunteers, stingers and non-stingers, identified as such according to the results of a lactic acid stinging test (LAST).

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Prevention of occupational contact dermatitis is of utmost significance for both insurers and legislators because it can preserve the individual's ability to work and result in decreased costs for public health. In the last 20 years, many concepts for educational interventions and a multitude of teaching aids have been developed by insurance associations and public institutions from different countries (eg, the United States, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, and Germany). For didactic purposes, terms of different levels of prevention have been inaugurated in northern Europe in the context of occupational dermatology.

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Dry skin is characterized by a decreased lipid content and a delayed reconstitution of the epidermal barrier after skin irritation. These are problems of high relevance in the aged population, especially in the development of irritant contact dermatitis. Asteatotic and perineal irritant dermatitis are the most important subtypes of irritant contact dermatitis in the elderly.

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Background: Skin exposure to lipophilic irritants at workplaces is a risk factor for the development of occupational irritant hand dermatitis. Suitable lipophilic model irritants to be used in repeated irritation studies in volunteers are needed to gain a better understanding of the chemical-dependent mechanisms of skin irritation.

Objectives: To investigate acute and cumulative irritation elicited by two new lipophilic model irritants, octane (CAS No.

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A 59-year-old man with a 35-year personal and positive family history of psoriasis was admitted to our department for treatment of psoriatic erythroderma. The patient had commenced therapy with enalapril 10 mg b.i.

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Among the numerous idiopathic immune-mediated diseases that can be drug-induced, such as pemphigus, psoriasis, lichen, etc, drug-induced lupus is the most widely commented upon and investigated. The terms drug-induced lupus (DIL) and drug-induced lupus erythematosus (DILE) are preferred, but other ones are also used--drug-related lupus, lupus-like syndrome, and lupus erythematosus medicamentosus. This review discusses the general issues in DILE, such as pathogenic mechanisms, clinical forms, and diagnostic criteria, and provides more detailed information for some of the implicated drugs: minocycline, statins, terbinafine, etc.

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