Incidentalomas in Chest Radiograph of Apparently Healthy Individuals Presenting for Pre-Employment Medical Examination in Enugu State, Nigeria.

Background: A chest radiograph is the most commonly requested and performed imaging for diagnosis and screening including medical examination.

Aim: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and pattern of incidentalomas in radiographs of cases presenting for pre-employment medical examination.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of chest radiographs conducted for patients presenting for pre-employment medical examination from January to December 2022.

Comparison of Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder Following Previous Cesarean Section between Women with a Short and Normal Interpregnancy Interval.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the effect of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on the incidence of placenta previa and placenta accreta spectrum disorders in women with a previous cesarean section.

Methods: A prospective cohort three-center study involving parturients who had previous cesarean section was conducted. Participants were included if pregnancy has lasted up to 34 weeks.

Sclero-Hyalinized Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm Clinically Mimicking an Ovarian Mass.

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm is a tumor of the appendix whose major clinical relevance derives from its inherent potential for peritoneal dissemination as pseudomyxoma peritonei. It sometimes poses challenges in clinical, radiological, and pathological diagnosis, and it may be confused with gynecological conditions in females. We report a case of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm presenting as firm sclerotic cystic mass and was initially suspected to be an ovarian mass in a postmenopausal woman.

Sublingual misoprostol versus manual vacuum aspiration for treatment of incomplete abortion in Nigeria: a randomized control study.

Introduction: single-dose of sublingual misoprostol 400mcg with the participant followed-up at the gynecology clinic one week after with an ultrasound scan for the completeness of the uterine evacuation. Objective: to compare the effectiveness of single-dose sublingual misoprostol to manual vacuum aspiration in the treatment of incomplete spontaneous abortion in Enugu, Nigeria.

Methods: the primary outcome measure was the incidence of complete uterine evacuation (complete abortion) after one week of treatment while the secondary outcome measures included incidence, types, and tolerability of treatment side effects as well as participants' satisfaction with the treatment received.

COVID-19: Challenges and coping strategies in radiology departments in Nigeria.

Context: COVID-19 came suddenly, bringing to the fore the challenges inherent in the health system. In a developing country, such as Nigeria, which already had myriad problems with funds and equipment in the health sector.

Aims: This study aims to examine the challenges encountered by the staff in Radiology facilities and how they combated the challenges.

Impact of physical exercises on immune function, bone mineral density, and quality of life in people living with HIV/AIDS: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background: Compromised immune function, associated with human immune deficiency virus(HIV) infection, is improved by antiretroviral therapy(ART) which also decreases bone mineral density(BMD), and possibly the quality of life(QoL). However, physical(aerobic/resistance) exercises, were reported to induce reverse effects in uninfected individuals and were appraised in the literature for evidence of similar benefits in people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHA). The main study objective was to evaluate the impact of physical (aerobic and resistance) exercises on CD count, BMD and QoL in PLWHA.

Machine Learning Based Evaluation of Reading and Writing Difficulties.

The possibility of auto evaluation of reading and writing difficulties was investigated using non-parametric machine learning (ML) regression technique for URAWSS (Understanding Reading and Writing Skills of Schoolchildren) [1] test data of 168 children of grade 1 - 9. The result showed that the ML had better prediction than the ordinary rule-based decision.

Novel targeted siRNA-loaded hybrid nanoparticles: preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation.

Background: siRNAs have a high potential for silencing critical molecular pathways that are pathogenic. Nevertheless, their clinical application has been limited by a lack of effective and safe nanotechnology-based delivery system that allows a controlled and safe transfection to cytosol of targeted cells without the associated adverse effects. Our group recently reported a very effective and safe hybrid nanoparticle delivery system composing human IgG and poloxamer-188 for siRNA delivery to cancer cells.

Hematocrit, anemia, and arm preference for blood sample collection: a cross-sectional study of pregnant women in enugu, South-eastern, Nigeria.

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a common cause of maternal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Regular review of hematocrit (HCT) and anemia patterns in pregnancy is necessary in our environment.

Aim: The aim was to determine the average HCT, prevalence, and pattern of anemia, as well the arm preferences for blood sample collection among pregnant women in Enugu, South East Nigeria.

Trends of tuberculosis prevalence and treatment outcome in an under-resourced setting: The case of Enugu state, South East Nigeria.

Background: The burden of tuberculosis (TB) in Nigeria is high. Unfortunately, the data from the TB programme of the States' ministries of health are usually unpublished, which possibly contribute to the prevailing ignorance and poor attitude of Nigerians to the disease. This study determined the trends of TB burden and treatment outcome in Enugu state, Nigeria; and relate the State's disease burden to that of the Nation.

Cervical Cancer Screening among HIV-Positive Women in Nigeria: An Assessment of Use and Willingness to Pay in the Absence of Donor Support.

Introduction: The sustainability of donor-supported cervical cancer screening for HIV-positive women in underresourced setting is a concern. The authors aimed to determine the willingness of HIV-positive women for out-of-pocket payment for the cancer screening, if necessary.

Methods: Questionnaires were administered to 400 HIV-positive women at the Adult HIV clinic, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Enugu, Nigeria.

Tuberculosis: a review of current concepts and control programme in Nigeria.

Background: The burden of tuberculosis in Nigeria is the highest in Africa. Therefore, improved knowledge of health workers on the current issues concerning the disease, including the National guideline, is important for effective disease control.

Methods: An in-depth search of relevant literature on the subject area.

The need to incorporate routine cervical cancer counselling and screening in the management of women at the outpatient clinics in Nigeria.

Although cervical cancer is the commonest cause of cancer death in Nigeria, the use of cervical cancer screening is poor. This study aimed at determining the awareness and use of the available cervical cancer screening method (Pap smear) by women attending the outpatient clinics of a tertiary institution in Enugu, South-eastern Nigeria. Questionnaires were administered to 912 women from November 2005 to May 2006.

Adenomyosis and uterine rupture during labour in a primigravida: an unusual obstetric emergency in Nigeria.

The primigravid uterus is believed to be immune to rupture during labour. This may not be true for those who have had prior adenomyomectomy, hence this report. The patient was a 28-year-old nullipara who became pregnant 11 months after an adenomyomectomy.

Improved awareness of Pap smear may not affect its use in Nigeria: a case study of female medical practitioners in Enugu, southeastern Nigeria.

Improved awareness of Pap test by Nigerian women may not necessarily increase its use. This hypothesis was tested using female medical practitioners in Enugu state, Nigeria. They were expected to be advocates of disease screening and therefore should lead by example.

An unmet cancer screening need of HIV-positive women in southeastern Nigeria.

Context: HIV infection and cervical cancer are common in Nigeria. HIV-positive women have a higher risk for cervical neoplasm; therefore, counseling and regular cervical cancer screening are recommended. After post-HIV testing counseling, HIV-positive women should be aware of the Papanicolaou (Pap) smear.

Preconception care in South Eastern Nigeria.

The objective was to determine the awareness and practice of preconception care in a developing country. This is a cross-sectional study of women receiving antenatal care at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Enugu state university teaching hospital (ESUT) between October 2005 and March 2006. Sampling was systematic where every consenting second of two pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the hospital was mobilised for the study.

Milk production by agropastoral Red Sokoto goats in Nigeria.

The mild yield characteristics of smallholder agropastoral Fulani Red Sokoto goats were evaluated using records obtained from a total of 92 does in 6 herds, collected over a 2-year period. The results indicated that the total yield was 79.8 +/- 3.

Fertility test for ram semen preserved at ambient temperatures by discontinuous flow dialysis.

The effect of two insemination doses (250 vs 500 x 10(6) spermatozoa) and three storage periods (0,1 or 2d) on the fertility of ram semen preserved at ambient temperatures by discontinuous flow dialysis were investigated in sheep (n=54). The 21-d nonreturn rates were 55.6, 44.

Purification and some of the properties of alkaline phosphatase in guinea fowls (Numida meleagris galeata).

1. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the plasma of different strains of guinea fowls showed considerable variation both within and between sexes as well as within and between strains. 2.

Microbiology of the genitalia of nulliparous and postpartum Savanna brown goats.

A study of the bacterial flora of the genitalia of nulliparous Savanna Brown does was carried out both before breeding and at different intervals postpartum to investigate the type of microbial organisms that could be present in the uterus, cervix and the vagina respectively. Of 29 pre-breeding vaginal swabs, Staphylococcus sp. was isolated from 20 goats, Streptococcus sp.