Ocular and Systemic Risk Factors for Disease Worsening Among Patients with NPDR: Post Hoc Analysis of the PANORAMA Trial.

Purpose: Identify baseline systemic and ocular characteristics associated with nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) worsening, and the impact of intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) on these associations.

Design: Post hoc analysis of PANORAMA.

Participants: Patients with moderately severe to severe NPDR enrolled in the prospective PANORAMA phase 3 trial.

KESTREL and KITE Phase 3 Studies: 100-Week Results With Brolucizumab in Patients With Diabetic Macular Edema.

Purpose: To report the 100-week outcomes from the KESTREL and KITE trials.

Design: Two phase 3, double-masked, active-controlled, randomized trials.

Methods: Patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) were randomized 1:1:1 to brolucizumab 3 mg/6 mg (BRO3/BRO6) or aflibercept 2 mg (AFL) in KESTREL (N = 566) or 1:1 to BRO6 or AFL in KITE (N = 360).

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor dosing frequency and visual outcomes in macular oedema following branch retinal vein occlusion.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between treatment frequency with intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents and visual acuity (VA) outcomes in eyes with macular oedema (MO) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) in US clinical practice.

Methods: Study eyes that initiated anti-VEGF injections between January 2012 and May 2016 were followed for ≥1 year in a retrospective analysis of medical records (Vestrum Health database). Eyes were analysed in 2 cohorts by treatment duration (years 1 and 2) and then in 2 subcohorts by injection frequency (≤6 or ≥7 injections/year).

INCIDENCE OF NEW DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA IN FELLOW EYES OF PATIENTS IN THE VISTA AND VIVID STUDIES.

Purpose: To characterize diabetic macular edema (DME) incidence in fellow eyes of patients treated for DME in the study eye.

Methods: This post hoc analysis of VISTA/VIVID data evaluated fellow eyes without DME at baseline through Week 100. Diabetic macular edema presence in the fellow eye was inferred by investigator-reported DME adverse events and use of DME treatments.

A Phase I, Single Ascending Dose Study of GEM103 (Recombinant Human Complement Factor H) in Patients with Geographic Atrophy.

Purpose: To establish the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of an intravitreal injection of recombinant human complement factor H (CFH), GEM103, in individuals with genetically defined age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and geographic atrophy (GA).

Design: Phase I single ascending-dose, open-label clinical trial (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT04246866).

Functional outcomes of sustained improvement on Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale with intravitreal aflibercept in the VISTA and VIVID trials.

Aims: To assess time to, cumulative incidence of, and functional benefit of achieving sustained ≥2-step Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) improvement in diabetic macular oedema (DMO).

Methods: Post hoc analysis of VISTA/VIVID including eyes with DMO treated with intravitreal aflibercept injections (IAI), 2 mg q4 weeks (2q4, n = 250) or q8 weeks after 5 monthly doses (2q8, n = 249), or laser control (n = 249). Changes from baseline in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central subfield thickness (CST) were evaluated in sustained (≥2 consecutive visits) DRSS subgroups (≥1-step worsening, no change, ≥2-step improvement).

Rates of Suspected Endophthalmitis Following Intravitreal Injections in Clinical Practices in the United States.

Background And Objective: To evaluate rates of suspected endophthalmitis following intravitreal injections of aflibercept, bevacizumab, ranibizumab (vial and pre-filled), dexamethasone implant, and triamcinolone in clinical practice.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective study of aggregated electronic medical records from the Vestrum Health Database. Eyes with a diagnosis of suspected endophthalmitis based on billing codes between January 2013 and June 2019 were included.

Antivascular Endothelial Growth Factor Dosing Frequency and Visual Outcomes in Macular Edema Following Central Retinal Vein Occlusion.

Purpose: We evaluated the relationship between dosing frequency of intravitreal antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents and visual acuity (VA) outcomes over 2 years in eyes with macular edema (ME) secondary to central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) in the US routine clinical practice setting.

Methods: This retrospective analysis assessed electronic medical records of eyes with ME secondary to CRVO that received their first anti-VEGF injection January 1, 2012, to May 31, 2016, and were followed for 1 year or more in the US-based Vestrum Health Treatment and Outcomes database. Eyes were divided into 2 injection frequency subcohorts (≤6 or ≥7 injections/year).

Effect of Baseline Subretinal Fluid on Treatment Outcomes in VIVID-DME and VISTA-DME Studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of baseline subretinal fluid (SRF) on treatment outcomes with intravitreal aflibercept injection (IAI) versus laser treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) in the VIVID and VISTA studies.

Design: Post hoc analysis of 2 randomized controlled trials.

Participants: Eight hundred seventy-two patients with DME.

Factors Associated With Visual Acuity and Central Subfield Thickness Changes When Treating Diabetic Macular Edema With Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy: An Exploratory Analysis of the Protocol T Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Identifying the factors that are associated with the magnitude of treatment benefits from anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for diabetic macular edema (DME) may help refine treatment expectations.

Objective: To identify the baseline factors that are associated with vision and anatomic outcomes when managing DME with anti-VEGF and determine if there are interactions between factors and the agent administered.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This post hoc analysis of data from the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network multicenter randomized clinical trial , Protocol T, was conducted between December 2016 and December 2017.

When and How to Incorporate Steroids for Persistent Diabetic Macular Edema: A Discussion of Real-World Treatment Optimization Strategies.

In the United States, diabetic macular edema (DME) is the leading cause of vision loss among people with diabetic retinopathy. Despite the availability of different therapies for DME, up to half of patients with DME show some persistent edema after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment alone, leaving these patients at high risk for vision loss. However, dosing in a similar fashion to that of pivotal anti-VEGF trials is difficult because of real-life challenges faced in clinical practice.

Baseline Factors Affecting Changes in Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale Score After Intravitreal Aflibercept or Laser for Diabetic Macular Edema: Post Hoc Analyses from VISTA and VIVID.

Purpose: To evaluate whether select baseline systemic and ocular factors influence ≥2-step improvement in the Diabetic Retinopathy Severity Scale (DRSS) score at week 100 in VISTA and VIVID.

Design: Post hoc analysis of 2 similarly designed phase 3 trials, VISTA and VIVID.

Participants: Total of 456 patients with center-involved diabetic macular edema (DME).

LARGE SILICONE DROPLETS AFTER INTRAVITREAL BEVACIZUMAB (AVASTIN).

Purpose: Despite its off-label status, intravitreal bevacizumab is the most commonly used intraocular anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agent. Regulation of compounding pharmacies has recently increased to make compounded pharmaceuticals safer. Despite these changes, a marked increase in symptomatic, large silicone oil droplets following intravitreal bevacizumab injections was noticed.

SYSTEMIC PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS OF INTRAVITREAL AFLIBERCEPT, BEVACIZUMAB, AND RANIBIZUMAB.

Purpose: To evaluate the systemic pharmacokinetics (PKs) of aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema (DME), or retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: Prospective, open-label, nonrandomized clinical trial of patients with AMD, DME, or RVO who were antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) naïve or had not received anti-VEGF for ≥4 months. Patients received 3 monthly intravitreal injections of aflibercept 2.

Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors for Diabetic Retinopathy.

The prevalence of diabetes is growing at epidemic rates in the USA. Diabetic retinopathy develops in a large proportion of patients and is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. Systemic management of diabetic retinopathy has included glycemic, hypertension, and lipid control.

TREATMENT OF VITREOMACULAR TRACTION WITH INTRAVITREAL PERFLUOROPROPANE (C3F8) INJECTION.

Purpose: To assess the posterior vitreous release rates following a single, office-based intravitreal injection of expansile gas in treating vitreomacular traction.

Methods: Thirty eyes of 29 consecutive patients with symptomatic vitreomacular traction received a single, office-based intravitreal injection of up to 0.3 mL of 100% perfluoropropane (C3F8).

Systemic pharmacokinetics following intravitreal injections of ranibizumab, bevacizumab or aflibercept in patients with neovascular AMD.

Background: Data comparing systemic exposure and systemic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) suppression of ranibizumab, bevacizumab and aflibercept following intravitreal injection are lacking.

Methods: Fifty-six patients with wet age-related macular degeneration received intravitreal ranibizumab (0.5 mg), bevacizumab (1.

Evaluation of choroidal thickness in retinitis pigmentosa using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography.

Objective: To describe the choroidal characteristics of patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) and spectral domain (SD) optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Purpose: To investigate the spectral-domain ocular coherence tomography features of the choroid in patients with RP using EDI.

Methods: A prospective, case-control study of 21 patients from the Cole Eye Institute with RP imaged using the Spectralis OCT and an EDI protocol.

Ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration.

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in patients over 50 years in the developed world. The wet form of AMD is responsible for the majority of severe vision loss. VEGF-A is a key component in the development of wet AMD.

Successful Treatment of Conjunctival Sarcoidosis with Local Cryotherapy.

Conjunctival sarcoidosis was successfully treated with liquid nitrogen cryotherapy using a 1.5-mm cryoprobe applied in a double freeze-thaw method. After an incisional biopsy of a portion of the conjunctiva, cryotherapy was applied using freeze times of 1 to 2 seconds, with thawing of 5 to 10 seconds between freezes.