Clinician vs mathematical statistical models: which is better at predicting an abnormal chest radiograph finding in injured patients?

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine if statistical models for prediction of chest injuries would outperform the clinician's (MD) ability to identify injured patients at risk for a thoracic injury diagnosed by chest radiograph (CXR).

Design: A prospective observational study was done during a 12-month period.

Setting: The study was conducted in a level I trauma center.

Naturally occurring apicomplexan acute interstitial pneumonitis in thick-billed parrots (Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha).

This report describes acute interstitial pneumonitis due to an apicomplexan parasite with schizogony in endothelial cells of pulmonary vessels accompanied by early and metrocyte stages of sarcocysts in the heart of a thick-billed parrot (Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha). The pattern of this disease is similar to that of the acute phase (approximately 10-15 days postinoculation) of experimental infections of budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus, with high doses of sporocysts of Sarcocystis falcatula.

Pathology of experimental Sarcocystis falcatula infections of canaries (Serinus canarius) and pigeons (Columba livia).

Sarcocystis falcatula is an apicomplexan parasite with a broad range of avian intermediate hosts. The pathology and pathogenesis of infection with this parasite has been studied experimentally in the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus). The present study quantitatively examines the pathology of this parasite in canaries (Serinus canarius) and pigeons (Columba livia) and compares it with that found in budgerigars.

Necessity for endocervical curettage in elderly women undergoing colposcopy.

A retrospective study of 164 women aged 45 and older undergoing colposcopy for abnormal Papanicolaou smears showed that 49% had adequate colposcopy and 51%, inadequate colposcopy. Of those with adequate colposcopy, 23% had positive endocervical curettage (ECC). That finding required conization, which detected one case of microinvasive and two of invasive cervical carcinoma.

Chemical characterization and bioavailability of phosphorus in water-insoluble fractions of three mono-ammonium phosphate fertilizers.

Elemental impurities in mono-ammonium phosphate (MAP) fertilizers, such as Fe, Al, Ca, Mg, and F, result in compounds other than NH4H2PO4. The phosphorus availability of the impurity compounds was determined in 3 commercial MAP fertilizers produced from North Carolina, Florida, and Idaho phosphate rocks. Soluble compounds, including NH4H2PO4, were washed out of the fertilizers, and the water-insoluble fraction was collected.

Hepatic circulation during surgical stress and anesthesia with halothane, isoflurane, or fentanyl.

Hepatic blood flow and the oxygen supply/uptake relation were studied in 19 miniature pigs using labeled microspheres. Changes in hepatic arterial blood flow and portal blood flow, as well as total hepatic blood flow during halothane anesthesia were more closely associated with changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiac output than during anesthesia with isoflurane or fentanyl. Halothane or isoflurane administered in concentrations that decreased MAP by approximately 30% were accompanied by decreases in hepatic oxygen delivery (DO2th) averaging 46% during halothane and 31% during isoflurane anesthesia and parallel decreases in hepatic blood flow.

Glucagon increases hepatic oxygen supply-demand ratio in pigs.

The present study was performed on eight young pigs to test the hypothesis that glucagon increases hepatic oxygen supply to a greater extent than hepatic oxygen uptake, providing a better hepatic oxygen supply-demand relationship. The experiments were performed under pentobarbital sodium anesthesia and controlled ventilation. Splanchnic blood flow was studied using radioactive microspheres.

Carcinoma in situ of the vulva. A clinicopathologic study of 50 cases.

The authors reviewed 50 cases of carcinoma in situ of the vulva treated at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, from 1975 to 1984. Sixty-two percent of the patients were premenopausal. The most frequent complaint was vulvar itching.

Necessity of endocervical curettage in colposcopy.

The use of endocervical curettage was evaluated in 200 patients undergoing colposcopy, biopsy, endocervical curettage, and conization. It is suggested that endocervical curettage be performed only in cases of satisfactory colposcopy, since patients with unsatisfactory colposcopy should undergo conization.

Ovarian steroid secretion in postmenopausal women with and without endometrial cancer.

The concentrations of testosterone (T), androstenedione (A), estradiol (E2), and estrone (E1) were measured in peripheral and ovarian venous serum obtained at the time of bilateral oophorectomy from 15 postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer and 9 without cancer. The cancer and noncancer (control) patients were matched for age, weight, and years since menopause. In women with endometrial cancer, significantly higher ovarian than peripheral venous concentrations were found for all hormones measured [T, 3781 +/- 1255 (+/- SE) vs.

Frozen section evaluation of cervical conization specimens.

Frozen section evaluation was done on 96 conization specimens. One patient had invasive carcinoma, which was correctly diagnosed on frozen section. No patient received inappropriate therapy on the basis of an erroneous diagnosis made from the evaluation of frozen sections.

Selection for weaning weight and postweaning gain in Hereford cattle. III. Correlated responses to selection in milk yield, preweaning and postweaning traits.

Single trait selection was practiced in three lines of Hereford cattle. Bulls were selected within sire families for increased weaning weight (WW) in the WW line (WWL), for postweaning gain (PG) in the PG line (PGL) and at random in the control line (CTL). Correlated responses to selection indicated that predicted milk yield in cows and preweaning daily gain and yearling weight in bulls and heifers were genetically improved in both WWL and PGL.

Selection for weaning weight and postweaning gain in Hereford cattle. II. Response to selection.

Single trait selection was practiced in three lines of Hereford cattle at two locations. Bulls were selected within sire families for increased weaning weight (WW) in the WW line (WWL), for postweaning gain (PG) in the PG line (PGL) and at random in the control line (CTL). Data include the performance of 2,467 calves produced from 1967 to 1981.

Selection for weaning weight and postweaning gain in Hereford cattle. I. Population structure and selection applied.

Single trait selection was practiced in three lines of Hereford cattle derived from a common base population. Selection was practiced on males only within sire families for increased weaning weight (WW) in the WW line (WWL), for postweaning gain (PG) in the PG line (PGL) and at random in the control line (CTL). Females were culled on the basis of age or reproductive failure.

Sire X environment interactions for growth traits of Hereford cattle.

Twelve Hereford bulls were used to sire calves in each of three locations in North Carolina over 6 yr. Three bulls were bred artificially to a random one-third of the cows at each location each year. Locations represented the Mountain, Piedmont and Coastal Plain regions of the Southeast.

Bleomycin, vincristine, and methotrexate with citrovorum factor rescue in the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.

Fourteen patients with advanced or locally recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix were treated with bleomycin, vincristine, and moderately high dose methotrexate with citrovorum rescue. Two patients (14%) had a partial response; no patient had a complete response. Two patients were felt to have significant bleomycin associated pulmonary toxicity.

The colposcopy clinic in a residency training program. Five years' experience with colposcopically directed biopsies followed by conization or hysterectomy.

Five hundred fifty-four patients with abnormal cytologic smears were screened in a special clinic by gynecology residents under faculty supervision using colposcopy and biopsies. Two hundred fifty patients who were evaluated by colposcopy subsequently had conization or hysterectomy. Colposcopically directed biopsies were accurate (comparable to the surgical specimen) in 92%.

Genetic parameters for testes size and sperm number in Hereford bulls.

Paternal half-sib heritability and genetic correlation estimates were obtained utilizing data from 578 Hereford bulls from 66 sires. Bulls were maintained in three lines (weaning weight, postweaning gain and control) of an ongoing selection project. Growth performance traits studied were adjusted 205-d weaning weight, 365-d weight, individual feed efficiency, sonoray fat thickness and postweaning gain.