Safety of tropicamide and phenylephrine in pupillary mydriasis for cataract surgery.

Purpose: A prospective study to evaluate the adverse cardiovascular effects of topical phenylephrine and tropicamide used for pupillary mydriasis before cataract surgery.

Methods: A total of 517 consecutive eyes in 517 patients subjected to routine 0.8% tropicamide and 5% phenylephrine eye drops before undergoing cataract surgery (phacoemulsification and manual small-incision surgery) under local or topical anesthesia in a medical college hospital were analyzed.

Sphenopalatine ganglion block: Intranasal transmucosal approach for anterior scalp blockade - A prospective randomized comparative study.

Background And Aims: Peripheral nerve blocks in neurosurgical practice attenuate most stressful responses like pin insertion, skin, and dural incision. Scalp block is conventionally the blockade of choice. Further studies for less invasive techniques are required.

Comparison of volume control and pressure control ventilation in patients undergoing single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery.

Background And Aims: Pressure control and volume control ventilation are the most preferred modes of ventilator techniques available in the intraoperative period. The study compared the intraoperative ventilator and blood gas variables of volume-controlled ventilation (VCV) and pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) in patients undergoing single level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).

Methods: After obtaining Institutional Ethical Committee approval and informed consent, sixty patients scheduled for single level ACDF surgery performed in supine position under general anaesthesia were included.

Interpretation and display of research results.

It important to properly collect, code, clean and edit the data before interpreting and displaying the research results. Computers play a major role in different phases of research starting from conceptual, design and planning, data collection, data analysis and research publication phases. The main objective of data display is to summarize the characteristics of a data and to make the data more comprehensible and meaningful.

The Effect of Position on PaCO2 and PETCO2 in Patients Undergoing Cervical Spine Surgery in Supine and Prone Position.

Background: As per American Society of Anesthesiologists guidelines, continuous monitoring of end tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) is recommended as standard II basics of anesthetic monitoring especially to ensure adequate ventilation during all anesthetics. Continuous monitoring of PETCO2 can also be used as a guide to maintain the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO2) to desired level during the surgery.

Aims And Objectives: To study the effect of position on PaCO2 and PETCO2 during cervical spine surgery in prone position.

WOUND INSTILLATION OF LOCAL ANESTHETIC BUPIVACAINE FOR POSTOPERATIVE ANALGESIA FOLLOWING LUMBAR LAMINECTOMY.

Purpose: Lumbar laminectomy is a commonly performed procedure in neurosurgical and orthopedic practice. Postoperative pain reliefhelps in early mobilization, initiation of physiotherapy, provides satisfaction to the patients and plays an important role in reducing the morbidity and mortality. This prospective study investigated the simple technique of instillation of wound with bupivacaine and leaving a contact time of 60 seconds on postoperative pain following lumbar laminectomy.

Cardiac Arrest after Connecting Negative Pressure to the Subgaleal Drain during Craniotomy Closure.

A one-year-old child operated on for arachnoid cyst in right frontoparietotemporal region had sudden bradycardia followed by cardiac arrest leading to death after connecting negative pressure to the subgaleal drain during craniotomy closure. The surgical procedure was uneventful. It is a common practice to place epidural or subgaleal drains connected to a vacuum system towards the end of craniotomy to prevent accumulation of intracranial and extracranial blood.

Pregabalin versus tramadol for postoperative pain management in patients undergoing lumbar laminectomy: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.

Prevention and treatment of postoperative pain continues to be a major challenge in postoperative care. Opioid analgesics, with their well-known side effects, continue to represent a cornerstone in postoperative pain control. Anticonvulsant medications are established treatments for neuropathic pain.

Outcome of epilepsy surgery in children after evaluation with non-invasive protocol.

Objective: To assess outcome of epilepsy surgery in children with medically refractory partial epilepsy evaluated with non-invasive protocol and to determine the predictors of outcome.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective analysis of presurgical, surgical, and postsurgical data was performed in 87 children who had at least 1 year post surgery follow-up. Outcome was assessed according to Engel's outcome classification.

Prolonged apnea with intramuscular ketamine: a case report.

We report a rare case of prolonged apnea following administration of ketamine. A healthy 11-month-old female child was administered intramuscular ketamine as a sole anesthetic agent for a short surgical procedure. Child developed respiratory depression and prolonged apnea requiring intubation and ventilation.