Clinical and Imaging Characteristics of PRPH2 Retinopathies in a Longitudinal Cohort and Diagnostic Implications.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to define genotypic-phenotypic correlations related to PRPH2-associated retinopathies in an observational longitudinal cohort and to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Methods: Individuals with PRPH2 variants were identified by genetic sequencing of 263 individuals (including 59 families). Ocular examinations with multimodal imaging were evaluated.

The role of nutritional factors in transitioning between early, mid, and late stages of age-related macular degeneration: prospective longitudinal analysis.

Background: Transitions between different stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) are not completely captured by traditional survival models with an end point of advanced AMD.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the transitions from early and intermediate AMD to higher non-advanced and advanced stages and determine the contributions of nutritional factors to these outcomes.

Methods: Eyes with early or intermediate AMD at baseline, classified according to the Age-Related Eye Disease Study severity scale, were included in this prospective longitudinal analysis.

Risk and protection of different rare protein-coding variants of complement component C4A in age-related macular degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of central vision loss in the elderly. One-third of the genetic contribution to this disease remains unexplained. We analyzed targeted sequencing data from two independent cohorts (4,245 cases, 1,668 controls) which included genomic regions of known AMD loci in 49 genes.

Family History of Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Genetics Predict Progression to Advanced Age-Related Macular Degeneration Adjusting for Macular Status, Demographic, and Lifestyle Factors.

Purpose: To determine if a family history of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and genetic variants identify eyes at higher risk for progression to advanced AMD (AAMD), after controlling for baseline demographics, behavioral factors, and macular status.

Design: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Methods: Eyes were classified using the Age-Related Eye Disease Study severity scale.

Attitudes towards participating in research involving digital pill systems to measure oral HIV pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis: a cross-sectional study among men who have sex with men with substance use in the USA.

Objectives: This quantitative survey sought to understand, among men who have sex with men (MSM) with potentially problematic substance use, the attitudes towards participation in research involving digital pill systems (DPS) for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence measurement, and the barriers and facilitators to research participation.

Design: One-time, cross-sectional, online sampling-based survey.

Setting: US social networking app predominantly focused on MSM.

Diversity in Digital Pill Systems: Differences in Perceptions and Attitudes Towards Use of a Digital Pill System for HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Men Who Have Sex with Men with Diverse Racial and Ethnic Identities.

Nonadherence, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) with substance use disorders, increases the risk of HIV acquisition. Measuring adherence to HIV pre-exposure chemoprophylaxis (PrEP), and responding to suboptimal adherence or changes in adherence behavior remains a challenging public health problem. Despite the importance of accurate adherence measurement, there is no gold standard for detecting medication ingestion events in HIV research.