Erratum: Silencing of METTL3 effectively hinders invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells: Erratum.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/thno.61178.

Adverse outcome pathway of Alzheimer's disease-like changes resulting from autophagy flux blockade after MC-LR exposure.

Microcystins (MCs) pollution is a worldwide environmental issue concerning about human health. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR), the most common type of MCs produced by cyanobacteria, could enter the brain and bring about damage to the nervous system. Up to date, it is not clear about the mechanism of MC-LR-induced neurotoxicity.

Exposure to different surface-modified polystyrene nanoparticles caused anxiety, depression, and social deficit in mice via damaging mitochondria in neurons.

Nanoplastics (NPs) are unavoidable hazardous materials that result from the human production and use of plastics. While there is evidence that NPs can bioaccumulate in the brain, no enough research regarding the pathways by which NPs reach the brain was conducted, and it is also urgently needed to evaluate the health threat to the nervous system. Here, we observed accumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) with different surface modifications (PS, PS-COOH, and PS-NH) in mouse brains.

Mediation of association between semen microcystin exposure and semen quality by sex hormones in Chinese men.

Numerous studies have shown microcystins (MCs) inducing male reproductive toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms in humans are unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the mediating role of serum sex hormones in the association between MC exposure and semen quality. In this study, we measured the levels of semen MCs and serum sex hormones in Chinese men [sample 1 (n = 649); sample 2 (n = 924)].

Exploring peptides from toad venom for source identification by LC-MS/MS using MRM method.

Toad venom is a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with various sources and wide-ranging preparations. Previous quality assessment studies primarily concentrated on small molecular compounds like toad dienolactones and indole alkaloids, studies on macromolecular peptides and proteins as quality assessment standards remained at the qualitative stage, lacking the development of practical and convenient quantitative methods. In this study, to explore the peptides from toad venom as a new method for identifying and evaluating its source, a complete scan of the water extract of peptides from toad venom was conducted using HPLC-Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer (Q-TOF) 5600, leading to the identification of peptides based on mass spectrometry data.

Sertoli cell-derived extracellular vesicles traverse the blood-testis barrier and deliver miR-24-3p inhibitor into germ cells improving sperm mobility.

Asthenozoospermia, characterized by poor sperm motility, is a common cause of male infertility. Improving energy metabolism and alleviating oxidative stress through drug regimens are potential therapeutic strategies. In this study, we observed upregulated miR-24-3p levels in asthenozoospermia spermatozoa, contributing to energy metabolism disorder and oxidative stress by reducing GSK3β expression.

Differently surface-labeled polystyrene nanoplastics at an environmentally relevant concentration induced Crohn's ileitis-like features via triggering intestinal epithelial cell necroptosis.

Nanoplastics (NPs), regarded as the emerging contaminants, can enter and be mostly accumulated in the digest tract, which pose the potential threat to intestinal health. In this study, mice were orally exposed to polystyrene (PS), PS-COOH and PS-NH NPs with the size of ∼100 nm at a human equivalent dose for 28 consecutive days. All three kinds of PS-NPs triggered Crohn's ileitis-like features, such as ileum structure impairment, increased proinflammatory cytokines and intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) necroptosis, and PS-COOH/PS-NH NPs exhibited higher adverse effects on ileum tissues.

Male reproductive toxicity induced by Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR).

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) has been identified to pose an increasing threat to the male reproductive system in vivo and in vitro studies with the objects like mammal animals, amphibians, aquatic organisms, etc. This review demonstrates the latest research advances of the male reproductive toxicity induced by MC-LR in detail, which mainly consists of two aspects, namely pathological injuries to testis and prostate, as well as the endocrine disruption. Apart from the direct toxicity to the male reproductive system, we also underline the transgenerational reproductive toxicity that prenatal exposure may pass on to male offspring.

Cell affinity screening combined with nanoLC-MS/MS based peptidomics for identifying cancer cell binding peptides from Bufo Bufo gargarizans.

Animal venoms contain many peptides with high specificity and selectivity against their protein targets, a characteristic which makes venoms an invaluable source of potential drugs. High-sensitivity mass spectrometry (MS)- based peptidomic platform has evolved as a predominant method for natural peptide drug discovery due to its strength for direct and rapid identification of peptides and peptide-associated post-translational modifications (PTMs). In this study, we used cell-affinity assays combined with nanoLC-MS/MS based peptidomics to identify cancer cell binding peptides (CBPs) from Bufo Bufo gargarizans.

Analyzing liver protein-bound DMA by using size exclusion and ion exchange HPLC combined with ICP-MS and MRM mode in rats exposed to AS4S4.

Long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic (As) will result in damage to organs. Compared with free arsenic, protein-bound arsenic are more difficult to be excreted from the bodies due to their complexation with biological macromolecules. We developed a method of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, which was used to determine bound-arsenic species.

Silencing of METTL3 effectively hinders invasion and metastasis of prostate cancer cells.

: Since primary prostate cancer (PCa) can advance to the life-threatening metastatic PCa, exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying PCa metastasis is crucial for developing the novel targeted preventive strategies for decreasing the mortality of PCa. RNA N-methyladenosine (mA) is an emerging regulatory mechanism for gene expression and its specific roles in PCa progression remains elusive. Western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analyses were used to detect target gene expression in PCa cells and prostate tissues from patients.

Chronic MC-LR exposure promoted Aβ and p-tau accumulation via regulating Akt/GSK-3β signal pathway.

It has been reported that microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) can enter into the brain and demonstrate neurotoxicity resulting in learning and memory deficits. While, there is still a lack of clear understanding of the related molecular mechanisms. In this study, we observed β-amyloid (Aβ) accumulation and tau hyperphosphorylation (p-tau) at sites of Ser396 and Thr205 in mouse hippocampus and cortex, Alzheimer's disease (AD) like changes, after chronic exposure to MC-LR at different concentrations (1, 7.

Ultrafiltration strategy combined with nanoLC-MS/MS based proteomics for monitoring potential residual proteins in TCMIs.

Traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) containing complex constituents frequently cause unpredictable adverse reactions. The residual heterologous proteins in TCMIs may be one kind of the sensitized constituents. However, few methods were developed to identify and monitor the residual proteins of TCMIs in industry.

Anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of bufotenine through inhibiting lipid metabolism pathway.

Inflammation is a primary defense and immune response. However, under pathological conditions, the inflammation processes always become uncontrolled and lead to chronic diseases. Bufotenine, as a natural component from toad venom, showed great potential for development as a novel anti-inflammation and analgesia agent.

Systematic toxicity evaluation of polystyrene nanoplastics on mice and molecular mechanism investigation about their internalization into Caco-2 cells.

There is a growing concern regarding the toxic effects of nanoplastics (NPs) on aquatic and marine organism, while relatively few studies about their toxicity evaluation on mammals are conducted. In the present study, we observed accumulation of polystyrene NPs (PS NPs) in mice spleen, lung, kidney, small intestine, large intestine, testis, and brain after oral exposure to PS NPs (~100 nm, 10 mg/mL, 100 μL) for 28 days, and NPs were identified to induce cell apoptosis, inflammation, and structure disorder in these tissues. We also found that PS NPs could bring about hematological system injury and lipid metabolism disorder.

Identification, expression and enzyme activity of the group III sPLA s in Cyprinus carpio L.

Five group III secreted phospholipase (pla2g3s) homologous genes located on different linkage groups were identified from common carp (Cyprinus carpio), which we named Ccpla2g3a1, Ccpla2g3a2, Ccpla2g3b, Ccpla2g3c1 and Ccpla2g3c2. The five genes encode 530, 525, 461, 752 and 753 amino acids, respectively. Sequence analysis showed that the Ccpla2g3as contain seven exons and the others contain four exons.

Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions of indolealkylamines from toad venom in mice using lipidomics and molecular docking.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Toad venom is one of widely used traditional Chinese medicines due to its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. However, hydrophilic alkaloids from toad venom, which may have certain pharmacological activities, have not been systematic studied.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to identify the indolealkylamines (IAAs) from toad venom and investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions.

Microcystin-leucine-arginine induces apical ectoplasmic specialization disassembly.

Microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) has been identified to be a hazardous material to cause hepatotoxicity. In this study, mice were exposed to MC-LR dissolved in drinking water at doses of 1, 10, 20 and 30 μg/L for 90 and 180 days, respectively. We validated MC-LR accelerated spermatid exfoliation and caused large vacuoles in testes, reducing sperm count and increasing percentage of morphologically abnormal sperm.

mA mRNA methylation regulates testosterone synthesis through modulating autophagy in Leydig cells.

Macroautophagy/autophagy is indispensable for testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells (LCs), and here we report a negative association between mA modification and autophagy in LCs during testosterone synthesis. A gradual decrease of METTL14 (methyltransferase like 14) and an increase of ALKBH5 (alkB homolog 5, RNA demethylase) were observed in LCs during their differentiation from stem LCs to adult LCs. These events led to reduced mRNA methylation levels of N-methyladenosine (mA) and enhanced autophagy in LCs.

Mechanistic Study of Copper-Catalyzed C-H Hydroxylation/C-S Coupling by ESI-HR MS and DFT Calculations.

The reaction mechanism of Cu-catalyzed C-H hydroxylation/C-S coupling was studied using electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (ESI-HR MS) and density functional theory calculations (DFT). Notably, a series of Cu and Cu complexes were observed as key intermediates and identified using ESI-HR MS. Furthermore, a catalyst cycle involving proton abstraction/oxidative addition/reductive elimination was proposed.