Recent Advancements in Gallic Acid-Based Drug Delivery: Applications, Clinical Trials, and Future Directions.

Gallic acid (GA) is a well-known herbal bioactive compound found in many herbs and foods like tea, wine, cashew nuts, hazelnuts, walnuts, plums, grapes, mangoes, blackberries, blueberries, and strawberries. GA has been reported for several pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, inflammatory, antineoplastic, antimicrobial, etc. Apart from its incredible therapeutic benefits, it has been associated with low permeability and bioavailability issues, limiting their efficacy.

Zein: Potential biopolymer in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Effectively managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) poses difficulties due to its persistent nature and unpredictable episodes of exacerbation. There is encouraging evidence that personalized medication delivery systems can improve therapy efficacy while reducing the negative effects of standard medicines. Zein, a protein produced from corn, has garnered interest as a possible means of delivering drugs for the treatment of IBD.

Achieving Endo/Lysosomal Escape Using Smart Nanosystems for Efficient Cellular Delivery.

The delivery of therapeutic agents faces significant hurdles posed by the endo-lysosomal pathway, a bottleneck that hampers clinical effectiveness. This comprehensive review addresses the urgent need to enhance cellular delivery mechanisms to overcome these obstacles. It focuses on the potential of smart nanomaterials, delving into their unique characteristics and mechanisms in detail.

A retrospective regulatory analysis of FDA recalls carried out by pharmaceutical companies from 2012 to 2023.

To introduce products in the US market, pharmaceutical companies must first obtain FDA clearance. Manufacturers might recall a product if it poses a risk of damage or violates FDA regulations. This study investigates the types, causes and consequences of recalls, as well as FDA participation and suitable recall strategies.

Trace level quantification of N-nitrosorasagiline in rasagiline tablets by LC-TQ-MS/MS.

Parkinson's disease is a chronic, progressive neurological disease that currently affects about more than 10 million population worldwide. Rasagiline is a selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor used as monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease. Rasagiline tablets have been recalled from market due to the presence of unacceptable levels of nitrosamine impurity.

Recent advances in dosage form design for the elderly: a review.

Introduction: With the increase in the elderly population and the prevalence of multiple medical conditions, medication adherence, and efficacy have become crucial for the effective management of their health. The aging population faces unique challenges that need to be addressed through advancements in drug delivery systems and formulation technologies.

Areas Covered: The current review highlights the recent advances in dosage form design for older individuals, with consideration of their specific physiological and cognitive changes.

pH stimuli-responsive hydrogels from non-cellulosic biopolymers for drug delivery.

Over the past several decades, there has been significant growth in the design and development of more efficient and advanced biomaterials based on non-cellulosic biological macromolecules. In this context, hydrogels based on stimuli-responsive non-cellulosic biological macromolecules have garnered significant attention because of their intrinsic physicochemical properties, biological characteristics, and sustainability. Due to their capacity to adapt to physiological pHs with rapid and reversible changes, several researchers have investigated pH-responsive-based non-cellulosic polymers from various materials.

Advanced pulmonary drug delivery formulations for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.

Cystic fibrosis (CF), a fatal genetic condition, causes thick, sticky mucus. It also causes pancreatic dysfunction, bacterial infection, and increased salt loss. Currently available treatments can improve the patient's quality of life.

Development and validation of an analytical method for trace-level quantification of genotoxic nitrosamine impurities in losartan and hydrochlorothiazide fixed-dose combination tablets using ultra performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Rationale: Since June 2018, globally large numbers of pharmaceuticals have been recalled due to the unexpected presence of nitrosamines. Beginning with the class of pharmaceuticals known as sartans, subsequent lines of inquiry included antidiabetic medicines, antihistamines, and antibiotics. A critical review of the U.

Studies on pomegranate seed oil enriched galantamine hydrobromide microemulsion: formulation, in vitro antioxidant and neuroprotective potential.

Pomegranate seed oil with its high levels of phenolic compounds is known to exhibit neuroprotective effects. Delivering hydrophilic drugs to the brain is challenging since blood-brain barrier allows only a few lipophilic molecules into the brain, thus posing an additional barrier for drug delivery to the brain in conditions like Alzheimer's. The present study focuses on the preparation of the stable galantamine hydrobromide (GHBr) microemulsion (ME) using pomegranate seed oil (PSO) as an adjuvant.

Role of mucoadhesive agent in ocular delivery of ganciclovir microemulsion: cytotoxicity evaluation in vitro and ex vivo.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate increase in delivery of drug upon formulation as mucoadhesive microemulsion system and further to investigate possibility of any cytotoxic effects using such formulation.

Material And Methods: Considering hydrophilic and small molecular nature of the drug, it was attempted to be formulated as microemulsion, by using pseudo ternary phase diagram method. Thus, three types of microemulsions were prepared; oil in water, water in oil type and chitosan-coated microemulsion.

Structural Elucidation of Alkali Degradation Impurities of Favipiravir from the Oral Suspension: UPLC-TQ-ESI-MS/MS and NMR.

A novel stability-indicating, reversed-phase, high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was developed and validated for the determination of favipiravir in an oral suspension. The effective separation of favipiravir and its degradation products was achieved on a Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 column (5 μm particle size, 150 mm length × 4.6 mm diameter).

Intranasal Exposure to Low-Dose Rotenone Induced Alpha-Synuclein Accumulation and Parkinson's Like Symptoms Without Loss of Dopaminergic Neurons.

Epidemiologically Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with chronic ingestion or inhalation of environmental toxins leading to the development of motor symptoms. Though neurotoxin-based animal models played a major role in understanding diverse pathogenesis, they failed to identify the risk assessment due to uncommon route of toxin exposure. Towards this, the available neurotoxin-based intranasal (i.

Comparative evaluation of fish oil and butter oil in modulating delivery of galantamine hydrobromide to brain via intranasal route: pharmacokinetic and oxidative stress studies.

The present study investigates the role of fish oil (FO)- and butter oil (BO)-enriched microemulsion-based system of galantamine hydrobromide (GH), an anti-Alzheimer drug, for its potential role in brain permeation enhancement and neuroprotection against oxidative stress. Microemulsion (ME)-based system of GH was prepared using water phase titration. The prepared ME was characterized by several physicochemical parameters like particle size, polydispersity index, and ex vivo drug permeation.

Role of Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Butter Oil in Targeting Delivery of Donepezil Hydrochloride Microemulsion to Brain via the Intranasal Route: a Comparative Study.

In order to investigate the possible role of butter oil (BO) and omega-3 fatty acids-rich fish oil (O3FO) in the delivery of donepezil hydrochloride microemulsion (DH-ME) to the brain via intranasal route, the present study was conducted. DH:BO and DH:O3FO binary mixtures (9:1 to 1:9) were prepared by simple physical mixing and subjected to in vitro diffusion study. Ratios of DH:BO and DH:O3FO, which showed the highest diffusion, were selected for further development of microemulsion (ME).

Exploring the potential of minoxidil tretinoin liposomal based hydrogel for topical delivery in the treatment of androgenic alopecia.

: Androgenic alopecia (AGA) is a condition of progressive hair loss and involves follicular miniaturization triggered mainly due to varying levels of androgen besides environmental and genetic factors, which may also play some role. Minoxidil (MXD) has been considered as most effective therapeutic moiety to treat this disorder. Another drug Tretinoin (TRET) is known for its comedolytic activity and is reported to enhance percutaneous absorption of MXD.

Fatty acids as essential adjuvants to treat various ailments and their role in drug delivery: A review.

Since the discovery of fatty acids, a niche has been carved for their vital role as adjuvants in drug delivery and as treatment for various diseases. The literature has repeatedly described the essential role of various fatty acids in treating a wide range of diseases and disorders, from central nervous system diseases to wound healing. The use of fatty acids has expanded to many horizons and in recent decades they have gained importance as drug delivery adjuvants in addition to their auxiliary benefits in treating various diseases.

Microemulsion-based delivery of triamcinolone acetonide to posterior segment of eye using chitosan and butter oil as permeation enhancer: an in vitro and in vivo investigation.

The aim of the study was to formulate a microemulsion (ME) using chitosan (CH) and the butter oil (BO) as a permeation enhancer for targeting drug to the posterior segment of the eye, via topical route. Triamcinolone acetonide (TA) was selected as the model drug since it undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism, leading to poor oral bioavailability of 23%. For optimisation of BO concentration, different ratios of TA:BO were prepared by simple physical mixing in the ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 and diffusion study was performed.

Formulation and In-vivo Pharmacokinetic Consideration of Intranasal Microemulsion and Mucoadhesive Microemulsion of Rivastigmine for Brain Targeting.

Purpose: Presence of tight junctions in blood brain barrier (BBB) pose a major hurdle for delivery of drug and severely affects adequate therapeutic concentration to reach the brain. In present work, we have selected Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (RHT), a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, which exhibits extensive first-pass metabolism, resulting in limited absolute bioavailability (36%). RHT shows extremely low aqueous solubility and poor penetration, resulting in inadequate concentration reaching the brain, thus necessitating frequent oral dosing.

Non-invasive intranasal delivery of quetiapine fumarate loaded microemulsion for brain targeting: Formulation, physicochemical and pharmacokinetic consideration.

Systemic drug delivery in schizophrenia is a major challenge due to presence of obstacles like, blood-brain barrier and P-glycoprotein, which prohibit entry of drugs into the brain. Quetiapine fumarate (QF), a substrate to P-glycoprotein under goes extensive first pass metabolism leading to limited absorption thus necessitating frequent oral administration. The aim of this study was to develop QF based microemulsion (ME) with and without chitosan (CH) to investigate its potential use in improving the bioavailability and brain targeting efficiency following non-invasive intranasal administration.

"Application of Box-Behnken design for optimization and development of quetiapine fumarate loaded chitosan nanoparticles for brain delivery via intranasal route* ".

The objective of the present investigation was to optimize and develop quetiapine fumarate (QF) loaded chitosan nanoparticles (QF-NP) by ionic gelation method using Box-Behnken design. Three independent variables viz., X1-Concentration of chitosan, X2-Concentration of sodium tripolyphosphate and X3-Volume of sodium tripolyphosphate were taken to investigate their effect on dependent variables (Y1-Size, Y2-PDI and Y3-%EE).

Application of quality by design approach for intranasal delivery of rivastigmine loaded solid lipid nanoparticles: Effect on formulation and characterization parameters.

In the present investigation, Quality by Design (QbD) approach was applied on the development and optimization of solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) formulation of hydrophilic drug rivastigmine (RHT). RHT SLN were formulated by homogenization and ultrasonication method using Compritol 888 ATO, tween-80 and poloxamer-188 as lipid, surfactant and stabilizer respectively. The effect of independent variables (X1 - drug: lipid ratio, X2 - surfactant concentration and X3 - homogenization time) on quality attributes of SLN i.