Pharmacological inhibition of P300 with C646 ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by modulating CXCL1 in M1 alveolar macrophages.

Objectives: Acute lung injury (ALI) is an excessive inflammatory condition with the involvement of M1 alveolar macrophage (AM) polarization. Given the high mortality rate of ALI, elucidating its underlying mechanisms is crucial for identifying therapeutic targets. Inhibition of P300, a lysine acetyltransferase, has illustrated the potential to alleviate inflammatory diseases through the regulation of immune cell activation.

Targeting BRD4 with PROTAC degrader ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting M1 alveolar macrophage polarization.

Objectives: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a highly inflammatory condition with the involvement of M1 alveolar macrophages (AMs) polarization, eventually leading to the development of non-cardiogenic edema in alveolar and interstitial regions, accompanied by persistent hypoxemia. Given the significant mortality rate associated with ALI, it is imperative to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this condition so as to identify potential therapeutic targets. The therapeutic effects of the inhibition of bromodomain containing protein 4 (BRD4), an epigenetic reader, has been proven with high efficacy in ameliorating various inflammatory diseases through mediating immune cell activation.

A DNA tumor virus globally reprograms host 3D genome architecture to achieve immortal growth.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immortalization of resting B lymphocytes (RBLs) to lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) models human DNA tumor virus oncogenesis. RBL and LCL chromatin interaction maps are compared to identify the spatial and temporal genome architectural changes during EBV B cell transformation. EBV induces global genome reorganization where contact domains frequently merge or subdivide during transformation.

Early IL-17A Prevention Rather Than Late IL-17A Neutralization Attenuates Toluene Diisocyanate-Induced Mixed Granulocytic Asthma.

Purpose: Interleukin (IL)-17A plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation. Yet, the exact roles of IL-17A in asthma are still controversial. Thus, the aim of this study was to dissect the roles of IL-17A in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic asthma and to assess the effects of neutralizing antibody in different effector phases on TDI-induced asthma.

HIV-1 pretreatment drug resistance and genetic transmission network in the southwest border region of China.

Background: HIV drug resistance increased with the widespread use of antiretroviral drugs, and posed great threat to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Pu'er Prefecture, lying in the southwest of Yunnan Province, China, borders Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam, is also the area where AIDS was discovered earlier, however, in which there has been no information on HIV drug resistance.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) was conducted in Pu'er Prefecture in 2021.

Clinical utility of a model-based amoxicillin dosage regimen in neonates with early-onset sepsis.

Early-onset sepsis (EOS) is one of the most significant causes of morbidity and mortality in neonates. Currently, amoxicillin is empirically used to treat neonates with EOS. However, data on its effectiveness in neonates with EOS are still limited.

Pemafibrate attenuates pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation.

Background And Objective: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive disease associated with substantial morbidity and mortality despite advances in medical therapy. Increasing evidence suggests that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) play important roles in the fibrosis-related diseases and their agonists may become effective therapeutic targets. Pemafibrate is a selective PPARα agonist, but the efficacy against pulmonary fibrosis and mechanisms involved have not been systematically evaluated.

Prevention of IL-6 signaling ameliorates toluene diisocyanate-induced steroid-resistant asthma.

Background: Accumulating evidence indicated the crucial role for interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling in the development of allergic asthma. Yet, the role of IL-6 signaling in toluene diisocyanate (TDI)-induced mixed granulocytic airway inflammation still remains unclear. Thus, the aims of this study were to dissect the role of IL-6 signaling and to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab on TDI-induced steroid-resistant asthma.

Management of a COVID-19-infected critically ill patient treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a case report.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new type of respiratory infectious disease that spreads among humans. People infected with COVID-19 present with severe acute respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, breathlessness and dyspnea, impaired physical conditions, kidney failure, and even death. Chest radiographs suggest diffuse inflammation in both lungs and show "white lung" changes.

Primary effusion lymphoma enhancer connectome links super-enhancers to dependency factors.

Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) has a very poor prognosis. To evaluate the contributions of enhancers/promoters interactions to PEL cell growth and survival, here we produce H3K27ac HiChIP datasets in PEL cells. This allows us to generate the PEL enhancer connectome, which links enhancers and promoters in PEL genome-wide.

Population Pharmacokinetics and Dosing Optimization of Amoxicillin in Chinese Infants.

Amoxicillin is used to treat various bacterial infections (eg, pneumonia, sepsis, meningitis) in infants. Despite its frequent use, there is a lack of population pharmacokinetic studies in infants, resulting in a substantial variability in dosing regimens used in clinical practice. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetics of intravenous amoxicillin in infants and suggest an optimal dosage regimen.

[Evaluation of multimodal analgesia in treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head with free vascularized fibular grafting].

Objective: To prospective study the effectiveness and safety of multimodal analgesia (MA) in treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head with free vascularized fibular grafting (FVFG).

Methods: Sixty patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head, who were scheduled to unilateral primary FVFG between February 2016 and December 2016 and met the selection criteria, were included in the study. All patients were allocated to two groups according to the method of random number table: MA group ( =30) and control group ( =30).

TAF Family Proteins and MEF2C Are Essential for Epstein-Barr Virus Super-Enhancer Activity.

Super-enhancers (SEs) are clusters of enhancers marked by extraordinarily high and broad chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) signals for H3K27ac or other transcription factors (TFs). SEs play pivotal roles in development and oncogenesis. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) super-enhancers (ESEs) are co-occupied by all essential EBV oncogenes and EBV-activated NF-κB subunits.

Genome-wide CRISPR-based gene knockout screens reveal cellular factors and pathways essential for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Early diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is difficult because of a lack of specific symptoms. Many patients have advanced disease at diagnosis, and these patients respond poorly to treatment. New treatments are therefore needed to improve the outcome of NPC.

RNA Sequencing Analyses of Gene Expression during Epstein-Barr Virus Infection of Primary B Lymphocytes.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection of human primary resting B lymphocytes (RBLs) leads to the establishment of lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) that can grow indefinitely EBV transforms RBLs through the expression of viral latency genes, and these genes alter host transcription programs. To globally measure the transcriptome changes during EBV transformation, primary human resting B lymphocytes (RBLs) were infected with B95.8 EBV for 0, 2, 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days, and poly(A) plus RNAs were analyzed by transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq).

Hydrogen gas inhalation protects against cigarette smoke-induced COPD development in mice.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease with limited treatment options. Hydrogen (H) has been shown to be anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects of H inhalation on COPD development in mice.

[Lightning-caused fire, its affecting factors and prediction: a review].

Lightning-caused fire is the most important natural fire source. Its induced forest fire brings enormous losses to human beings and ecological environment. Many countries have paid great attention to the prediction of lightning-caused fire.

Noise-induced dynamics in the mixed-feedback-loop network motif.

In this paper, we present a stochastic model for the mixed-feedback loop (MFL), a motif found in integrated cellular networks of transcription regulation and protein-protein interaction. Previous bifurcation analysis indicates that this motif can serve as a bistable switch or a clock. We investigate how extrinsic and intrinsic noise affects its dynamic behaviors systematically.