Deciphering long-term immune effects of HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2 co-infection: a longitudinal study.

Introduction: While the general immune response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is well-understood, the long-term effects of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1/Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (HIV-1/SARS-CoV-2) co-infection on the immune system remain unclear. This study investigates the immune response in people with HIV-1 (PWH) co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 to understand its long-term health consequences.

Methods: A retrospective longitudinal study of PWH with suppressed viral load and SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted.

Metabolomic Changes Associated With the Change in HVPG After DAAs Therapy in HCV Cirrhotic Patients.

Background And Aims: In response to direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) therapy, patients who experience a decrease in hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) considerably reduce liver complications and have increased survival. This study aimed to assess the metabolomic changes associated with the changes in HVPG from the start of DAA therapy until 48 weeks after effective DAA therapy in patients with advanced HCV-related cirrhosis.

Methods: We carried out a multicenter longitudinal study in 31 patients with advanced hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis.

Torque teno virus: a potential marker of immune reconstitution in youths with vertically acquired HIV.

Torque teno virus (TTV) viral load (VL), a component of the human virome, increases during immune suppression or dysregulation. This study aimed to explore TTV VL in youths living with vertically acquired HIV (YWVH) and its potential as an immunovirological marker. We performed an observational, retrospective study involving YWVH under antiretroviral treatment (ART) from the Spanish Cohort of HIV-infected children, adolescents, and vertically HIV-infected patients transferred to Adult Units (CoRISpe-FARO), compared to HIV-negative healthy donors (HD).

Effect of Graphene on the Mechanical Properties of Recycled High-Density and High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene Blends.

This study uses an extrusion process to formulate blends based on recycled high-density and high-molecular-weight polyethylene (recHDPE, recHMWPE) for the manufacture of rainwater drainage pipes. The main objective of this project is to investigate the effects of incorporating graphene on the mechanical, thermal, and stress-cracking resistance properties of the recycled HDPE and HMWPE blends. Also, it aims to demonstrate that the addition of graphene may enable the use of different recycled polymers without compromising their properties.

Sustained Long-Term Decline in Anti-HCV Neutralizing Antibodies in HIV/HCV-Coinfected Patients Five Years after HCV Therapy: A Retrospective Study.

This study evaluated titers and amplitudes of anti-E2 antibodies (anti-E2-Abs) and neutralizing antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV; anti-HCV-nAbs) in HIV/HCV-coinfected individuals over five years after successful HCV treatment completion. We retrospectively analyzed 76 HIV/HCV-coinfected patients achieving sustained virologic response post-HCV treatment. Plasma levels of anti-E2-Abs and anti-HCV-nAbs against five HCV genotypes (Gt1a, Gt1b, Gt2a, Gt3a, and Gt4a) were determined using ELISA and microneutralization assays, respectively.

Altered blood microbiome in patients with HCV-related Child-Pugh class B cirrhosis.

Background: Altered bacterial translocation is associated with changes in hepatic function and the progression from compensated to decompensated cirrhosis. Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) score is an essential indicator of liver severity. Thus, we aimed to study differences in the blood microbiome together with metabolome profile between HCV-infected patients with CTP class B (CTP-B, significant functional compromise) and patients with CTP class A (CTP-A, well-compensated cirrhosis).

Effect of Additives on Thermal Degradation and Crack Propagation Properties of Recycled Polyethylene Blends.

Additives, such as antioxidants (AOs), carbon black (CB) and compatibilizers (COs), are used in recycled polymer blends for different reasons. AOs slow thermal degradation, CB gives blends a black color and protect them against ultraviolet (UV) light, and compatibilizers improve compatibility between the different phases of the mixture and consequently enhance the mechanical properties of the final blend. In this paper, the three additives were added to recycled polyethylene (PE) blends to study their effect on the final properties and to determine the best formulations that help improve the mechanical properties of recycled PE blends.

The dynamic changes in olive fruit phenolic metabolism and its contribution to the activation of quiescent Colletotrichum infection.

Anthracnose, the most critical disease affecting olive fruits, is caused by Colletotrichum species. While developing olive fruits are immune to the pathogen regardless of the cultivar, the resistance level varies once the fruit ripens. The defense mechanisms responsible for this difference in resistance are not well understood.

Clinical outcomes and prognostic factors after HCV clearance with DAA in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis.

Background And Aims: We assessed long-term clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for liver disease progression after sustained viral response with direct-acting antivirals in patients coinfected with HIV/HCV with advanced fibrosis or cirrhosis.

Approach And Results: A total of 1300 patients who achieved sustained viral response with direct-acting antivirals from 2014 to 2017 in Spain were included: 1145 with compensated advanced chronic liver disease (384 advanced fibrosis and 761 compensated cirrhosis) and 155 with decompensated cirrhosis. The median follow-up was 40.

Genotypic influence in the juvenile to adult transition in olive seedlings.

Olive breeding is a long process and any improvement in shortening the juvenile phase is highly desirable. In the present study, the effect of olive tree parents in different agronomic characteristics have been evaluated during four years in 520 olive genotypes generated from three different crosses in three different experimental fields, all located in Andalusia region, Spain. The crosses evaluated are 'Arbosana' x 'Sikitita' and its reciprocal, whose parents are characterized by being early bearers; and 'Frantoio' free pollinated, whose mother variety is characterized by having a long unproductive period.

Age-Related Quality of Life in Cardiac Surgical Patients with Extracorporeal Life Support.

Background:  The rationale of the study was to analyze the impact of age on quality of life (QoL) in patients who had undergone cardiac surgery with consecutive extracorporeal life support (ECLS) treatment.

Methods:  The study population consisted of 200 patients, operated upon between August 2006 and December 2018. The patient cohort was divided into two groups following an arbitrary cutoff age of 70 years.

Estimated Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Related Hospitalizations and Deaths Among Children and Adults in Spain, 2016-2019.

Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes a substantial disease burden among infants. In older children and adults, incidence is underestimated due to nonspecific symptoms and limited standard-of-care testing. We aimed to estimate RSV-attributable hospitalizations and deaths in Spain during 2016-2019.

Modeling transposable elements dynamics during polyploidization in plants.

In this work we study the proliferation of transposable elements (TEs) and the epigenetic response of plants during the process of polyploidization. Through a deterministic model, expanding on our previous work on TE proliferation under epigenetic regulation, we study the long-term TE distribution and TE stability in the subgenomes of both autopolyploids and allopolyploids. We also explore different small-interfering RNA (siRNA) action modes on the subgenomes, including a model where siRNAs are not directed to specific genomes and one where siRNAs are directed - i.

Antibodies to SARS-CoV2 induced by vaccination and infection correlate with protection against the infection.

The COVID-19 pandemic remained worldwide for almost three years, but little is known about the dynamics of humoral immune response to the third dose over time and its protection from infection. Our aim was to assess the humoral immune response after the third dose of the different vaccines administered to SARS-CoV-2 naive and previously infected individuals, and its correlation with protection in an academic community. For each person studied (185), three blood samples were taken between December 2021 and July 2022, one month apart.

Pollen production in olive cultivars and its interannual variability.

Background And Aims: Olive (Olea europaea subsp. europaea var. europaea) is the most extensively cultivated fruit crop worldwide.

Use of ketogenic dietary therapy for drug-resistant epilepsy in early infancy.

Objective: There is growing evidence that ketogenic dietary therapy (KDT) can be safely and efficiently used in young children, but little evidence exists on its use in newborns. Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies starting in the neonatal period or early infancy usually present a poor prognosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate effectiveness, safety, and survival of infants younger than 3 months of age with drug-resistant epilepsy in whom KDT was used.

Comparative study of the etiology of nosocomial bacteremic pneumonia in ventilated and non-ventilated patients: a 10-year experience in an institution.

This study on bacteremic nosocomial pneumonia (bNP) demonstrates the importance of this condition both in patients undergoing and not undergoing mechanical ventilation. , Enterobacterales, and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacilli are all causative agents in ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), with a predominance of in HAP and of in VAP. Mortality in this condition is very high.

Nivolumab plus Brentuximab vedotin +/- bendamustine combination therapy: a safe and effective treatment in pediatric recurrent and refractory classical Hodgkin lymphoma.

Introduction: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is the most common pediatric lymphoma. Approximately 10% of patients develop refractory or recurrent disease. These patients are treated with intensive chemotherapy followed by consolidation with radiotherapy or high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell reinfusion.

Predictive plasma biomarkers of long-term increase in hepatic steatosis index after HCV eradication in HIV/HCV-coinfected patients.

Hepatic steatosis is a common condition found in the liver of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients, contributing to more severe forms of liver disease. In addition, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may accelerate this process. Alternatively, several immune checkpoint proteins have been reported to be upregulated and correlated with disease progression during HCV and HIV infections.