[Gallstone ileus. A report of 104 cases].

An analysis of 104 cases of gallstone ileus in 102 patients is presented. Biliary stones reach the intestinal tract through a biliodigestive fistula in 80-85% and on natural way in 15-20%. Clinical symptoms depend on mechanism of obstruction.

[Gastroscopy before cholecystectomy].

In a prospective study the routine endoscopy of the upper gastrointestinal tract was carried out in 100 patients before they underwent elective cholecystectomy for gallstones. In 31/100 patients we detected abnormalities which changed the plan of therapy. In 18/100 patients the cholecystectomy was performed 4 to 8 weeks later, after additional medical treatment.

[Surgical therapy of acute cholecystitis].

The active surgical approach obtains more and more importance in the therapy of acute cholecystitis. On the basis of an own retrospective examination over 10 years (1978 to 1987) with 342 cases of treatment and of the literature the various possibilities of the surgical therapy are described and assessed. On account of the possibilities of complication the treatment of the acute cholecystitis should on principle be performed at a hospital.

[Intubation of the small intestine in ileus. Technic, results, complications].

Operative intestinal intubation with Miller-Abbott-tube was performed on 188 patients from 1974 to 1988 in the Surgical Department of Dresden Academy of Medicine. In a retrospective analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of the method in treating the adhesion ileus are described and complications and lethality after predominantly orthograde nasal intestinal intubation are discussed. Exact indications and various operational details may help to reduce complications due to the tube-method to a minimum.

[Modern mechanical antibiotic preparation in colorectal operations. Results of a prospective study].

A prospective clinical study was made to compare the effectiveness of a short-term oral antibiotic prophylaxis (neomycin) and a longacting oral-parenteral aerobically and anaerobically effective combination (neomycin, metronidazol, chloramphenicol) on the incidence of wound infections. All patients had orthograde lavage as a mechanical bowel preparation. Preoperative administration of the antibiotic combination before lavage could not reduce the relative aerobic bacterial count of the faeces.

[Intestinal injuries in rectosigmoidoscopy in expert opinion].

Based on criteria of evaluation in the field of rectoscopy, questions are derived which concern expert opinions on rectal lesions during rectoscopy. Excluding a dereliction, the authors take the view that, owing to the rare occurrence of rectal perforations in the course of an instrumental examination of the rectum, criteria can now be given in each case for applying the law on the extended material support of persons in the case of lesions due to surgical operations.

Concentration behavior of carbamazepine in bile and plasma of man.

The concentration in plasma and bile of carbamazepine was determined in four humans with Kerr's T-tube drain after an oral administration of a single dose of 400 mg of Finlepsin (carbamazepine). The mean plasma half-life time was 25 (15-31) hr. The concentration time curves in bile and plasma were parallel with the bile to plasma concentration ratio of 0.

[The reconstruction of inflammatory biliary duct stenoses by using a ring-drainage (author's transl)].

In treating the inflammatory closures and stenoses of the biliary ducts surgically, the bilio-biliary and bilio-digestive anastomoses were splinted by inserting an annular drainage. In this way it was possible to ensure the bileflow into the intestine and to prevent recurrent stenoses. The ring-drainage is suggested to be kept for 2 years at least.