Interplay between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease.

Periodontitis is a ubiquitous chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth and is a major cause of multiple tooth loss. Despite being preventable, periodontitis and dental caries are responsible for more years lost to disability than any other human condition. The most severe form of periodontitis affects 1 billion individuals, and its prevalence is increasing globally.

Overview for developing Delphi-based interdisciplinary consensus statements on imaging: pros and cons.

This review paper offers a concise guide on how to execute Delphi-based interdisciplinary consensus statements on imaging. Fundamental to the Delphi methodology are several core principles. First, an initial key element is the selection of experts, known as panelists.

Temporal evolution of primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) on MRI following immunosuppressant treatment.

Purpose: To systematically analyse the time course of vessel wall enhancement and associated stenosis in patients with primary angiitis of the central nervous system (PACNS) following immunosuppressive therapy.

Material And Methods: Two neuroradiologists retrospectively analysed MRIs of patients with PACNS seen at the Bern University Hospital and the St. Gallen Cantonal Hospital between 2015 and 2020.

Prospective measurement of the width of cerebrospinal fluid spaces by cranial ultrasound in neurologically healthy children aged 0-19 months.

Background: Ultrasound (US) is often the first method used to look for brain or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) space pathologies. Knowledge of normal CSF width values is essential. Most of the available US normative values were established over 20 years ago, were obtained with older equipment, and cover only part of the age spectrum that can be examined by cranial US.

Periodontitis and Outer Retinal Thickness: a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the United Kingdom Biobank Cohort.

Purpose: Periodontitis, a ubiquitous severe gum disease affecting the teeth and surrounding alveolar bone, can heighten systemic inflammation. We investigated the association between very severe periodontitis and early biomarkers of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), in individuals with no eye disease.

Design: Cross-sectional analysis of the prospective community-based cohort United Kingdom (UK) Biobank.

Annexin A7 mediates lysosome repair independently of ESCRT-III.

Lysosomes are crucial organelles essential for various cellular processes, and any damage to them can severely compromise cell viability. This study uncovers a previously unrecognized function of the calcium- and phospholipid-binding protein Annexin A7 in lysosome repair, which operates independently of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT) machinery. Our research reveals that Annexin A7 plays a role in repairing damaged lysosomes, different from its role in repairing the plasma membrane, where it facilitates repair through the recruitment of ESCRT-III components.

Diagnostic performance of long head of biceps tendon tears on MRI: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the diagnostic performance of conventional MRI and MR arthrography for tendinosis, and partial and complete tears of the long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) using arthroscopy as the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: A systematic review was performed using predefined data fields in PubMed, and all articles published from January 2000 up to April 2022 were retrospectively pooled and reviewed. Six MRI studies on complete tear (n = 555) and ten studies on partial tear/tendinosis (n = 2487) were included in the analysis.

Cationic amphiphilic drugs induce accumulation of cytolytic lysoglycerophospholipids in the lysosomes of cancer cells and block their recycling into common membrane glycerophospholipids.

Lysosomes are acidic organelles responsible for lipid catabolism, and their functions can be disrupted by cationic amphiphilic drugs that neutralize lumenal pH and thereby inhibit most lysosomal hydrolases. These drugs can also induce lysosomal membrane permeabilization and cancer cell death, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we uncover that the cationic amphiphilic drugs induce a substantial accumulation of cytolytic lysoglycerophospholipids within the lysosomes of cancer cells, and thereby prevent the recycling of lysoglycerophospholipids to produce common membrane glycerophospholipids.

The dual pro-inflammatory and bone-protective role of calcitonin gene-related peptide alpha in age-related osteoarthritis.

Background: The vasoactive neuropeptide calcitonin gene-related peptide alpha (αCGRP) enhances nociception in primary knee osteoarthritis (OA) and has been shown to disrupt cartilage and joint integrity in experimental rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Little is known about how αCGRP may alter articular structures in primary OA. We investigated whether αCGRP modulates local inflammation and concomitant cartilage and bone changes in a murine model of age-dependent OA.

Detrimental effects of period-chirped gratings in pulse compressors.

We present a comprehensive simulative and experimental investigation of how period-chirped pulse compression gratings affect the compressed pulses. A specifically developed ray-tracing tool was used for the simulative investigations. It is shown that the chirp creates a characteristic spatio-spectral error pattern, which leads to a degradation of the beam quality and an increase of the pulse duration.

A novel method for the remote measurement of trismus in clinical trials using mobile phone cameras.

Objective: To evaluate the reliability and validity of a novel method for remotely measuring trismus.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 60 volunteers who took three types of photographs at a fixed restricted jaw position mimicking limited mouth opening, including one selfie and one portrait with or without a reference frame. Additionally, the interincisal distance and the width of the upper central incisors were measured with a ruler, as per common practice.

Prospective evaluation of ultrasound features of magnesium-based bioabsorbable screw resorption in pediatric fractures.

Objective: Bioabsorbable magnesium-based alloy screws release gas upon resorption. The resulting findings in the adjacent soft tissues and joints may mimic infection. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ultrasound (US) findings in soft tissues and joints during screw resorption.

In Vivo Fluorine Imaging Using 1.5 Tesla MRI for Depiction of Experimental Myocarditis in a Rodent Animal Model.

The usefulness of perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions for the imaging of experimental myocarditis has been demonstrated in a high-field 9.4 Tesla MRI scanner. Our proof-of-concept study investigated the imaging capacity of PFC-based F/H MRI in an animal myocarditis model using a clinical field strength of 1.

Preventive dental service use and oral health-related quality of life in Brazilian older adults.

Background: Information on the use of preventive dental services and associated variables is needed to guide policy for the old adult population and consequently promote better oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

Objective: To investigate the association between preventive dental service use and OHRQoL by older Brazilians.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using the baseline data of participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Stud of Aging (ELSEI-Brazil) who were aged 60 years or more.

Age-related prevalence and imaging characteristics of the superior acetabular roof notch in children, adolescents, and young adults.

Objective: To determine the age-related prevalence and imaging characteristics of the superior acetabular roof notch (SARN) on hip MRI and radiographs in a young study population.

Materials And Methods: Retrospective analysis of 304 MRI examinations and corresponding available radiographs of patients between the ages of 4 and 24 years. Two observers classified SARN with fluid-like findings on MRI as type-1, whereas SARN with fat-like findings on MRI were classified as type-2.

User experience, game satisfaction and engagement with the virtual simulation VR FestLab for alcohol prevention: A quantitative analysis among Danish adolescents.

VR FestLab is a virtual reality party simulation application. The tool allows users to make decisions while experiencing a virtual party where they are offered alcohol. This study examines the user experience, game satisfaction, and engagement of 181 adolescent users (aged 15-18) with VR FestLab involving seven schools in Denmark.

Continuous real-time biofeedback in orthosis improves partial weight bearing on stairs.

Introduction: Climbing up and down stairs with crutches is a particular challenge. The current study evaluates a commercially available insole orthosis device for weighing an affected limb and for biofeedback training of gait. This study was done on healthy, asymptomatic individuals before applying to the intended postoperative patient.

Interdisciplinary consensus statements on imaging of DRUJ instability and TFCC injuries.

Objectives: The purpose of this agreement was to establish evidence-based consensus statements on imaging of distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability and triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) injuries by an expert group using the Delphi technique.

Methods: Nineteen hand surgeons developed a preliminary list of questions on DRUJ instability and TFCC injuries. Radiologists created statements based on the literature and the authors' clinical experience.

Prospective Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Magnesium-Based Alloy Screw Resorption in Pediatric Fractures.

Background: The resorption of magnesium-based alloy bioabsorbable screws results in the release of hydrogen gas, which can mimic infection and enter the growth plate. The screw itself and the released gas may also affect image quality.

Objective: The evaluation of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings during the most active phase of screw resorption is the objective, with particular focus on the growth plate and to assess for the presence of metal-induced artifacts.

Inactivation of the gene encoding procalcitonin prevents antibody-mediated arthritis.

Background: Procalcitonin (PCT) is applied as a sensitive biomarker to exclude bacterial infections in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) flare-ups. Beyond its diagnostic value, little is known about the pathophysiological role of PCT in RA.

Methods: Collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) was induced in Calca-deficient mice (Calca), lacking PCT (n = 15), and wild-type (WT) mice (n = 13), while control (CTRL) animals (n = 8 for each genotype) received phosphate-buffered saline.