Lifestyle modification as intervention for seasonal affective disorder: A systematic review.

Bright light therapy (BLT) and pharmacological therapies currently represent the first line treatments for patients with seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Lifestyle modifications offer a diverse field of additional intervention options. Since it is unclear, if lifestyle modifications are effective in SAD patients, this systematic review aims to synthesize the current evidence on their effectiveness and safety.

Development of an Arduino-based, open-control interface for hardware in the loop applications.

This article presents a flexible control interface based on low-cost hardware solutions for electric drives which classically come either with a proprietary hardware solution or a high-cost interface solution. The interface presented can be used to connect a standard PC with an electric drive to enable testing simulation and control applications. The control interface is developed based on the open-source Python scripting language and Arduino's open-source and accessible hardware.

Impact of genetic variants within serotonin turnover enzymes on human cerebral monoamine oxidase A in vivo.

Variants within the monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A, MAOA) and tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) genes, the main enzymes in cerebral serotonin (5-HT) turnover, affect risk for depression. Depressed cohorts show increased cerebral MAO-A in positron emission tomography (PET) studies. TPH2 polymorphisms might also influence brain MAO-A because availability of substrates (i.

The history of circadian rhythm research in Austria.

In view of the recent revival of interest in circadian biology and circadian epidemiology at the Medical University of Vienna, it seems appropriate to highlight the rich and pioneering history of circadian research in Austria. Among the forefathers of circadian research in Vienna are Otto Marburg (1874-1948), who discovered important elements of the pineal gland physiology, Robert Hofstätter (1883-1970), who used pineal gland extract in obstetrics/gynecology, and Paul Engel (1907-1997), who discovered that the pineal gland was controlled by light. More recently, Vera Lapin (1920-2007) showed that surgical removal of the pineal gland increased tumor growth, while Franz Waldhauser (*1946) investigated melatonin in conjunction with night work.

Effect of MAOA DNA Methylation on Human in Vivo Protein Expression Measured by [11C]harmine Positron Emission Tomography.

Background: Epigenetic modifications like DNA methylation are understood as an intermediary between environmental factors and neurobiology. Cerebral monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) levels are altered in depression, as are DNA methylation levels within the MAOA gene, particularly in the promoter/exon I/intron I region. An effect of MAOA methylation on peripheral protein expression was shown, but the extent to which methylation affects brain MAO-A levels is not fully understood.

Prescriptions of psychopharmacologic drugs in Austria in 2019 and 2020 - Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Measures to reduce the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus have an impact on the mental health of the general population. Drug prescription rates can be used as a surrogate marker to estimate help seeking and health parameters of a population. The aim of this study was to compare psychopharmacologic drug prescriptions in Austria from the start of the pandemic in 2020 over time and with the previous year and to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdowns in 2020.

Biodistribution and dosimetry of the GluN2B-specific NMDA receptor PET radioligand (R)-[C]Me-NB1.

Background: The NMDA receptor (NMDAR) plays a key role in the central nervous system, e.g., for synaptic transmission.

Syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis integration as a single process unit.

Industrially relevant syngas (15 % CO, 15% H, 20% N in 50% CO) fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis were integrated as a single process unit in open and closed-circuit modes. This study examined the impact of electrochemical reducing power from -50 to -400 mV on the acetic acid synthesis and CO inhibition on fermentation. -150 mV vs.

Serotonergic modulation of effective connectivity in an associative relearning network during task and rest.

An essential core function of one's cognitive flexibility is the use of acquired knowledge and skills to adapt to ongoing environmental changes. Animal models have highlighted the influence serotonin has on neuroplasticity. These effects have been predominantly demonstrated during emotional relearning which is theorized as a possible model for depression.

Impact of electrochemical reducing power on homoacetogenesis.

Homoacetogenesis was performed in a microbial electrosynthesis single-chamber reactor at open and closed circuits modes. The aim is to investigate how an applied reducing power affects acetic acid synthesis and H gas-liquid mass transfer. At a cathode voltage of -175 mV vs.

Urological adverse drug reactions of psychotropic medication in psychiatric inpatients - A drug surveillance report from German-speaking countries.

Urological adverse drug reactions (UADR) are common during treatment with psychotropic medication. The aim of this study was to provide a systematic description of the differential profile of UADR of psychotropic drugs in a large naturalistic population. Data stems from psychiatric hospitals collected by AMSP (Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie), a continuous multi-center pharmacovigilance program in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland.

Translating the immediate effects of S-Ketamine using hippocampal subfield analysis in healthy subjects-results of a randomized controlled trial.

Antidepressant doses of ketamine rapidly facilitate synaptic plasticity and modify neuronal function within prefrontal and hippocampal circuits. However, most studies have demonstrated these effects in animal models and translational studies in humans are scarce. A recent animal study showed that ketamine restored dendritic spines in the hippocampal CA1 region within 1 h of administration.

Case Report: Bupropion Reduces the [I]FP-CIT Binding to Striatal Dopamine Transporter.

The diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes in patients with severe depression may be challenging due to overlapping clinical phenomena, especially regarding psychomotor and affective symptoms. [I]FP-CIT-SPECT is a useful method to detect degenerative parkinsonian disorders. However, some drugs may influence the tracer binding and thus alter the result.

Second-generation antidepressants for treatment of seasonal affective disorder.

Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent depressive episodes that is often treated with second-generation antidepressants (SGAs), light therapy, or psychotherapy.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy and safety of second-generation antidepressants (SGAs) for the treatment of seasonal affective disorder (SAD) in adults in comparison with placebo, light therapy, other SGAs, or psychotherapy.

Search Methods: This is an update of an earlier review first published in 2011.

The Efficacy of Light Therapy in the Treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Bright light therapy (BLT) has been used as a treatment for seasonal affective disorder (SAD) for over 30 years. This meta-analysis was aimed to assess the efficacy of BLT in the treatment of SAD in adults.

Method: We performed a systematic literature search including randomized, single- or double-blind clinical trials investigating BLT (≥1,000 lx, light box or light visor) against dim light (≤400 lx) or sham/low-density negative ion generators as placebo.

Alcohol consumption in Austrian physicians.

Background: Alcohol is one of the leading exogenous causes for adverse health consequences in Europe. The aim of the present study was to examine the pattern of alcohol consumption in Austrian physicians.

Methods: A telephone survey was conducted in 400 office-based physicians in Austria.

Cardiovascular Adverse Reactions During Antipsychotic Treatment: Results of AMSP, A Drug Surveillance Program Between 1993 and 2013.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of global mortality. Some antipsychotic agents can show severe cardiovascular side effects and are also associated with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: This observational study was based on data of AMSP (Arzneimittelsicherheit in der Psychiatrie), a multicenter drug surveillance program in Austria, Germany and Switzerland, that recorded severe drug reactions in psychiatric inpatients.

Association between dynamic resting-state functional connectivity and ketamine plasma levels in visual processing networks.

Numerous studies demonstrate ketamine's influence on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC). Seed-based and static rsFC estimation methods may oversimplify FC. These limitations can be addressed with whole-brain, dynamic rsFC estimation methods.

Changes over time of the diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics of patients of a psychiatric intensive care unit in Austria.

Objective: The aim of this repeated cross-sectional study was to compare patients from a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) over ≫30 years regarding their diagnostic and therapeutic characteristics.

Method: Three samples including 100 consecutive inpatients each from the Viennese PICU were submitted to a chart review: sample no. 1 from the years 1985/86, no.

Melatonin and agomelatine for preventing seasonal affective disorder.

Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes that most commonly starts in autumn or winter and remits in spring. The prevalence of SAD depends on latitude and ranges from 1.5% to 9%.

Psychological therapies for preventing seasonal affective disorder.

Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes that most commonly occurs during autumn or winter and remits in spring. The prevalence of SAD ranges from 1.5% to 9%, depending on latitude.

Light therapy for preventing seasonal affective disorder.

Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes that most commonly occurs during autumn or winter and remits in spring. The prevalence of SAD ranges from 1.5% to 9%, depending on latitude.

Second-generation antidepressants for preventing seasonal affective disorder in adults.

Background: Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) is a seasonal pattern of recurrent major depressive episodes that most commonly occurs during autumn or winter and remits in spring. The prevalence of SAD ranges from 1.5% to 9%, depending on latitude.