The magnitude and importance of perceived health dimensions define effective tailor-made health-promoting interventions per targeted socioeconomic group.

Recent insights and developments on health and society urge a critical look at the positive relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and health. We challenge the notions that it is sufficient to distinguish only between two groups of SES (low and high) and that only overall health is taken into account. A new grouping of SES was developed based on both income and education, resulting in six SES groups.

Shaping Physical Activity through Facilitating Student Agency in Secondary Schools in the Netherlands.

Schools can enable students' capability for lifelong physical activity (PA) by providing a physical, social and pedagogical context fostering students' agency. This entails allowing them to develop their autonomy and ability to shape PAs according to what they value. This paper explores , and, if so, school practices provide the conditions for developing and employing PA-related student agency.

The need for adolescents' agency in salutogenic approaches shaping physical activity in schools.

Physical activity (PA) contributes to health throughout life. In particular, young people can benefit from this. Schools can play a key role in providing learning conditions to experience meaningful PAs aimed at inspiring students to lifelong PA.

A new technique for long term, stress free, cannulation of the lateral ventricle in postpubertal, freely moving, pigs.

Intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannulation in adolescent and adult pigs has some unique problems. Placement of the cannula is very difficult due to large individual variability in size and structure of the skull and frontal sinus. Furthermore, the rough behavior of the animals makes it necessary to restrain the animals for ICV treatment, which is disadvantageous when studying responses to stress.

Effective streptokinase treatment of blocked catheters in pigs and sheep.

Sheep and pigs with chronic silastic catheters with a partial blockage of the catheter were treated locally with streptokinase. After one week of treatment all affected catheters were patent again for many weeks. In sheep it proved necessary to use the enzyme treatment as a maintenance tool by contrast with pigs.

Apomorphine-susceptible and apomorphine-unsusceptible Wistar rats differ in novelty-induced changes in hippocampal dynorphin B expression and two-way active avoidance: a new key in the search for the role of the hippocampal-accumbens axis.

The present study examines two characteristic traits of the hippocampus in apomorphine-susceptible (APO-SUS) and apomorphine-unsusceptible (APO-UNSUS) Wistar rat lines. Since hippocampal mossy fibers contain among others dynorphin B as transmitter, a radioimmunoassay was used to analyze the hippocampal dynorphin B expression in response to novelty in these lines. Dynorphin B expression at the end of the baseline condition was greater in APO-SUS rats than in APO-UNSUS rats, while exposure to novelty decreased and increased the dynorphin B expression in APO-SUS and APO-UNSUS rats, respectively.

The effect of anchor residue modifications on the stability of major histocompatibility complex class I-peptide interactions.

Anchor residues in peptides determine the specificity of binding to major histocompatibility complex class I molecules through interactions of their side chains with pockets in the peptide-binding groove. We have compared the kinetics of association of a Sendai virus nucleoprotein-derived peptide (FAPGNYPAL, termed SV9) with H-2Kb class I molecules, and the same peptide iodinated on the anchor residue tyrosine (125I-SV9). Even though the association rates were too rapid for direct measurements, competition studies indicated that they were similar for SV9 and 125I-SV9.