Prevalence and Clinical Profile of Undiagnosed Diabetes Mellitus: Data from a Tertiary Hospital.

Background: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Vietnam is relatively low compared to other Asian countries, but it is accelerating with the economic and cultural transition. This study aimed to estimate the current prevalence and clinical profile of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus in a tertiary hospital in the south of Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional investigation was conducted to recruit 1, 250 participants, who were at least 18 year-old and randomly sampled from Cho Ray Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

On the mechanism of colloidal silica action to improve flow properties of pharmaceutical excipients.

The mechanism of colloidal silica action to improve flow properties of pharmaceutical powders is known to be based on inter-particle force disruption by silica particles adhered to the particle surface. In the present article, the kinetic aspects of this action are investigated, focusing on non-spherical particles of different size. Blends comprising microcrystalline cellulose or calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate and colloidal silica were examined using powder rheometer.

The Effect of Preoperative Anemia on Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: A Propensity-Matched Analysis.

It is unknown if anemia in the absence of transfusions is an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes in cardiac surgery, and if correction to higher hemoglobin targets impacts these outcomes. This is a retrospective review of 3848 cardiac surgery patients. Propensity matching was completed using 41 covariates.

Ischemic and bleeding outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting among patients initially treated with a P2Y receptor antagonist for acute coronary syndromes: Insights on timing of discontinuation of ticagrelor and clopidogrel prior to surgery.

Background: Clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients treated with P2Y inhibitors who require urgent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) have not been well studied.

Methods: We examined clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndrome patients in relation to the timing of CABG following P2Y inhibitor discontinuation (<72 h, 72 h to five days, >5 days). The primary ischemic outcome was a composite of death, reinfarction, need for revascularization, or stroke.

Impact of Gender on Arterial Revascularization Strategies for Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting.

Background: There are significant gender differences in arterial revascularization approaches in coronary operations. This study addressed these differences to determine whether discrepancies are related to underlying risk profiles or systematic gender bias.

Methods: Changes in gender-specific rates of revascularization approaches were determined in 19,557 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation.

Background: Patients often require a rapid sequence induction (RSI) endotracheal intubation technique during emergencies or electively to protect against aspiration, increased intracranial pressure, or to facilitate intubation. Traditionally succinylcholine has been the most commonly used muscle relaxant for this purpose because of its fast onset and short duration; unfortunately, it can have serious side effects. Rocuronium has been suggested as an alternative to succinylcholine for intubation.

Predicting New-Onset Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation in Cardiac Surgery Patients.

Objective: To derive a simple clinical prediction rule identifying patients at high risk of developing new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgery.

Design: Retrospective analysis on prospectively collected observational data.

Setting: A university-affiliated cardiac hospital.

Analysis of (functionalized) fullerenes in water samples by liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry.

One of the main challenges in environmental risk assessment of fullerenes is to develop analytical methods that detect and quantify fullerenes at low concentrations. In this paper we report on the development and optimization of a highly specific, robust, and relatively simple method for the quantitative determination of C60, C70, and six functionalized fullerenes, namely, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid butyl ester, [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid octyl ester, [6,6]-bis(phenyl)-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, [6,6]-thienyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester, and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester ([70PCBM], in different aqueous matrixes. For this method fullerenes were extracted from the aqueous phase using solid-phase extraction (SPE), with subsequent analysis on a liquid chromatography-Orbitrap mass spectrometry (LC-Orbitrap MS) system.

Comparison of the EuroSCORE and Cardiac Anesthesia Risk Evaluation (CARE) score for risk-adjusted mortality analysis in cardiac surgery.

Objective: The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) and the Cardiac Anesthesia Risk Evaluation (CARE) score are risk indices designed in the mid-1990 s to predict mortality after cardiac surgery. This study assesses their ability to provide risk-adjusted mortality in a contemporary cardiac surgical population.

Methods: The mortality probability was estimated with the additive and logistic EuroSCORE, and CARE score, for 3818 patients undergoing cardiac surgery at one institution between 1 April 2006 and 31 March 2009.

Disulfonated tetraphenyl chlorin (TPCS2a), a novel photosensitizer developed for clinical utilization of photochemical internalization.

Photochemical internalisation (PCI) is a novel technology for release of endocytosed macromolecules into the cytosol. The technology is based on the use of photosensitizers that locate in endocytic vesicles, and that upon activation by light induce a release of macromolecules from the endocytic vesicles. PCI has been shown to stimulate delivery of a large variety of macromolecules and other molecules that do not readily penetrate the plasma membrane.

Ternary nanoclusters of CuHgS, CuHgSe, and CuInS.

Two copper-mercury-chalcogenide clusters [Hg(15)Cu(20)E(25)(PPr(3))(18)] (1, E = S; 2, E = Se) are synthesized in good yield from the reaction of (Pr(3)P)(3)Cu-ESiMe(3) and (Pr(3)P)(2).Hg(OAc)(2) at low temperatures. Single-crystal X-ray analyses illustrate that the two ternary clusters are isomorphous and consist of a phosphine-stabilized core of mixed Hg, Cu, and E centers.