When a system deviates from equilibrium, it is possible to manipulate and control it to drive it towards equilibrium within finite time t_{f}, even by reducing its natural relaxation timescale τ_{relax}. Although numerous theoretical and experimental studies have explored these shortcut protocols, few have yielded analytical results for the probability distribution of the work, heat, and produced entropy. In this study, we propose a two-step protocol that captures the essential characteristics of more general protocols and provides an analytical solution for the relevant thermodynamic probability distributions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To evaluate the preoperative and intraoperative risk factors for revision after artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation in male patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).
Methods: A retrospective analysis from a prospectively maintained database was performed. Male patients, with moderate-tosevere SUI, undergoing AUS implantation were included.
Objective: To investigate the role of contemporary minilaparoscopy (ML; 3 mm instruments and laparoscope) and to identify predictive factors for complications in a prospective multicenter series for renal and adrenal surgeries.
Materials And Methods: From July 2013 to December 2014, 110 patients from 6 laparoscopic Spanish centers were enrolled. A common database was used and data were collected in a prospective manner.