Phyllanthus niruri L. Administration during pregnancy and breastfeeding: Maternal evaluation and effects on initial development and adult behavior of male rat offspring.

The leaves of Phyllanthus niruri L. are used in folk medicine in many countries to treat various diseases. However, despite the enormous therapeutic potential, use of the plant is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Maternal supplementation with Dipteryx alata Vog. modulates fecal microbiota diversity, accelerates reflex ontogeny, and improves non-associative and spatial memory in the offspring of rats.

Maternal diet plays a crucial role in offspring development, directly affecting neural development and gut microbiota composition. This study aimed to assess if baru almond and oil (Dipteryx alata Vog.) could modulate intestinal microbiota, brain fatty acid profile, and enhance memory in offspring of rats treated during early life stages.

Influence of acute heat shock on antioxidant defense of tropical fish, Psalidodon bifasciatus.

Psalidodon bifasciatus is a fish species sensitive to physical and chemical changes in water. It serves as a good bioindicator of temperature variations and is utilized in environmental monitoring studies in Brazilian rivers. The objective of this study was to evaluate antioxidant defense biomarkers in the heart, brain, and muscle of P.

Physiological strategies of acute thermal conditions of Rhamdia voulezi collected in the Iguaçu river watershed, Paraná, Brazil: biochemical markers of metabolic and oxidative stress.

Thermal pollution creates substantial challenges that alter energy demand and produce reactive oxygen species that damage fish DNA, proteins, and lipids. Rhamdia voulezi is a species of fish native to the Iguaçu river, Paraná, Brazil, that does not have scientific records of minimum (CT) and maximum (CT) temperatures required for survival. As it is a top predator species in the food chain and lives at temperatures below 22 °C, the loss of the species can cause functional problems in controlling the ecosystem and energy flow.

Lymphovenous Bypass for Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction in Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Axillary Lymph Node Dissection: Minimizing the Risk of Upper Extremity Lymphedema.

Background:  Studies have shown a significant reduction in breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) rates in patients undergoing complete axillary lymph node dissection (cALND) combined with immediate lymphatic reconstruction (ILR) using lymphovenous bypass (LVB).The purpose of this study was to determine if ILR with LVB at the time of cALND results in a decreased incidence of BCRL and its impact on patient quality of life (QOL).

Methods:  In this prospective cohort study, patients ≥ 18 years requiring cALND underwent ILR from 2019 to 2021.

IBRtools: An R package for calculating integrated biomarker indexes.

Multibiomarker studies are useful to evaluate the early warning signs of environmental degradation, and their unified responses are often assessed through two common indexes, Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) and Integrated Biological Responses version 2 (IBRv2). The R package IBRtools allows users to calculate both IBR and IBRv2 while simultaneously incorporating all the biomarkers under evaluation. The package includes functions for calculating the indexes IBR and IBRv2 and obtaining their standardized values, as well a function for radar chart creation and three example datasets.

Metabolic responses in the gills of Yellowtail Lambari Astyanax lacustris under low- and high-temperature thermal stress.

Objective: Ectothermic fish are directly affected by temperature changes in the environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the metabolic responses in the gills of Yellowtail Lambari Astyanax lacustris under thermal stress.

Methods: To this end, we used spectrophotometry to evaluate the biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein metabolism, antioxidant defense, and oxidative damage in fish subjected to low (15°C) and high (31°C) temperatures, with control groups held at 23°C, for 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h.

Assessing physiological responses and oxidative stress effects in Rhamdia voulezi exposed to high temperatures.

Exposure to high temperatures induces changes in fish respiration, resulting in an increased production of reactive oxygen species. This, in turn, affects the enzymatic and non-enzymatic components of antioxidant defenses, which are essential for mitigating cellular stress. Rhamdia voulezi, an economically important fish species endemic to Brazil's Iguaçu River, served as the subject of our study.

First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil.

Background: Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) is commonly found in South American Leishmania parasites belonging to the subgenus Viannia, whereas Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) was previously thought to be restricted to the Old-World pathogens of the subgenus Leishmania.

Objectives: In this study, we investigated the presence of LRV2 in strains of Leishmania (L.) infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), originating from different hosts, clinical forms, and geographical regions.

Mix of almond baru (Dipteryx alata Vog.) and goat whey modulated intestinal microbiota, improved memory and induced anxiolytic like behavior in aged rats.

The objective was to evaluate the effects of the consumption of a mix of baru almond and goat whey on memory performance and anxiety parameters related to the intestinal health of rats treated during aging. The animals were divided into three groups and treated by gavage for 10 weeks (n = 10/each group): Control (CT) - distilled water; Baru almond (BA) - 2000 mg of baru/kg of body weight; and Baru + Whey (BW) - 2000 mg of baru + 2000 mg of goat milk whey/kg of body weight. Anxiety behavior, memory, brain fatty acid profile and fecal microbiota were measured.

Development of quantitative PCR and digital PCR for the quantification of Leishmania infantum in dogs.

Leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution. In the Americas, the causative agent of the visceral form is the protozoa Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum. Transmission to the host or vertebrate reservoir occurs through the bite of infected arthropod females like Lutzomyia longipalpis.

Integrated biomarker response index as an ally in the observation of metabolic biomarkers in muscle of Astyanax lacustris exposed to thermal variation.

Temperature is an important factor that conditions the physiological responses of fish, generating a stressful condition when in non-ideal parameters. Thus, the objective was to evaluate metabolic aspects in the muscle of fish Astyanax lacustris submitted to thermal shock. The specimens were subjected to 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 h of exposure to 15 °C and 31 1 °C, with their respective controls 23 °C.

Action of Varespladib (LY-315920), a Phospholipase A Inhibitor, on the Enzymatic, Coagulant and Haemorrhagic Activities of (South-American Bushmaster) Venom.

Varespladib (VPL) was primarily developed to treat inflammatory disturbances associated with high levels of serum phospholipase A (PLA). VPL has also demonstrated to be a potential antivenom support agent to prevent PLA-dependent effects produced by snake venoms. In this study, we examined the action of VPL on the coagulant, haemorrhagic and enzymatic activities of (South-American bushmaster) venom.

Cold and warm waters: energy metabolism and antioxidant defenses of the freshwater fish Astyanax lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae) under thermal stress.

Subtropical fish are exposed to seasonal variations in temperature that impose a set of adaptations on their metabolism necessary for the maintenance of homeostasis. In this study, we addressed the effects of temperature variation on the metabolism of Astyanax lacustris, a species of freshwater fish common in the subtropical region of Brazil. Biomarkers of carbohydrate and protein metabolism, antioxidant defense, and oxidative damage were evaluated in the liver of A.

Safe Path Planning Algorithms for Mobile Robots Based on Probabilistic Foam.

The planning of safe paths is an important issue for autonomous robot systems. The Probabilistic Foam method (PFM) is a planner that guarantees safe paths bounded by a sequence of structures called bubbles that provides safe regions. This method performs the planning by covering the free configuration space with bubbles, an approach analogous to a breadth-first search.

Effects of the aqueous extract of Phyllanthus niruri Linn during pregnancy and lactation on neurobehavioral parameters of rats' offspring.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Phyllanthus niruri L. (Phyllanthaceae) is a plant used in traditional medicine, mainly to treat kidney stones. However, the effects of maternal exposure to P.

Accuracy of diagnostic tests for American tegumentary leishmaniasis: a systematic literature review with meta-analyses.

Objectives: To analyse the accuracy of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) diagnostic methods and evaluate the quality of the existing publications by means of a systematic review.

Methods: Diagnostic tests evaluated in at least two studies with common reference standards were included in the sensitivity and/or specificity meta-analyses. Quality and susceptibility to bias were analysed using the QUADAS-2 and STARD tools.

Sexual and ontogenetic variation of Bothrops leucurus venom.

Various factors, such as geographical origin, climate, sex, age and diet can influence the composition and pathophysiological activities of snake venoms. In this study, we examined the sexual and ontogenetic variations in the venom of Bothrops leucurus, a pitviper responsible for more than 80% of the snakebites in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazilian. The venoms of 31 snakes were pooled according to sex and age (young, adult and old) and screened by SDS-PAGE (in reducing and non-reducing conditions), reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), gelatin zymography, and immunoblotting with therapeutic bothropic antivenom (BAV) from the Instituto Butantan.

Biomarkers of oxidative stress and cell damage in freshwater bivalves Diplodon parodizi exposed to landfill leachate.

Landfill is a public and environmental health problem; establishing and understanding methodologies to decrease its toxicity are thus necessary. Leachate samples were collected, at a sanitary landfill, immediately after the exit from the landfill, i.e.

Performance Evaluation of Multi-UAV Network Applied to Scanning Rocket Impact Area.

This paper presents a communication network for a squadron of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to be used in the scanning rocket impact area for Barreira do Inferno Launch Center-CLBI (Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil), aiming at detecting intruder boats. The main features of communication networks associated with multi-UAV systems are presented. This system sends information through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN).

Developing cookies formulated with goat cream enriched with conjugated linoleic acid.

Goat fat is one of the best sources of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), a fatty acid which has health benefits. However, though CLA is generated in ruminants, CLA consumption is limited to meats and milk products. This study aimed to replace vegetable fat with goat milk fat enriched with CLA.

First Complete Genome Sequence of a Feline Alphacoronavirus 1 Strain from Brazil.

We identified a strain of Alphacoronavirus 1, FCoV-SB22, from a pool of fecal samples from domestic cats from a rural settlement in the municipality of Santa Bárbara, Pará, Brazil. The nucleotide identity with feline coronavirus was 91.5%.

Chirobiotic V Versus Chiralpak ID for the Enantioselective Chromatographic Separation of Chloroquine: Stability and Validation Study.

Chloroquine is a chiral antimalarial drug and demonstrates enantioselective pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties. However, this drug is administered as racemate. The knowledge of stereoselective aspects of these agents may be useful to better understand their mechanisms of action and to optimize their safety and/or clinical efficacy.

Maternal Supplementation With Avocado ( Mill.) Pulp and Oil Alters Reflex Maturation, Physical Development, and Offspring Memory in Rats.

Avocado ( Mill.) is an oleaginous fruit source of fatty acids with high levels of neuroprotective phytocomplexes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the development of reflex and somatic maturation, fatty acid profiles in the brain, and memory in different stages of life in the offspring of dams supplemented with avocado pulp and oil during gestation and lactation.

Correction: Rotavirus A in wild and domestic animals from areas with environmental degradation in the Brazilian Amazon.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.