The genus is the main component of southern South American temperate forests. The 40 species, evergreen and deciduous, and some natural hybrids are spread among Central and Southern Chile, Argentina, New Zealand, Australia, New Guinea and New Caledonia. , and are potentially very important timber producers due to their high wood quality and relative fast growth; however, indiscriminate logging has degraded vast areas the Chilean forest causing a serious state of deterioration of their genetic resource.
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