Checking the basis of intraosseous access-Radiological study on tibial dimensions in the pediatric population.

Background: Malposition of intraosseous needles in pediatric patients is frequently reported. Incorrect needle length and penetration depth related to the puncture site and level are possible causes.

Aims: Aim of this study was to analyze anatomic dimensions of the proximal tibia in the pediatric population with respect to intraosseous needle placement and needle tip position.

Patient- and Physician-Reported Outcome of Combined Fractional CO2 and Pulse Dye Laser Treatment for Hypertrophic Scars in Children.

Background: Hypertrophic scars are commonly seen in children and associated with pruritus, pain, functional impairment, and aesthetic disfigurement. Ablative fractional CO2 and pulse dye laser are emerging techniques to improve scar quality. Only limited data are available on children, nonburn scars, and patient-reported outcome.

Intraosseous infusion in elective and emergency pediatric anesthesia: when should we use it?

Purpose Of Review: Difficulties to establish a venous access may also occur in routine pediatric anesthesia and lead to hazardous situations. Intraosseous infusion is a well tolerated and reliable but rarely used alternative technique in this setting.

Recent Findings: According to recent surveys, severe complications of intraosseous infusion stay a rare event.

Controlled rapid sequence induction and intubation - an analysis of 1001 children.

Background: Classic rapid sequence induction puts pediatric patients at risk of cardiorespiratory deterioration and traumatic intubation due to their reduced apnea tolerance and related shortened intubation time. A 'controlled' rapid sequence induction and intubation technique (cRSII) with gentle facemask ventilation prior to intubation may be a safer and more appropriate approach in pediatric patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the benefits and complications of cRSII in a large cohort.

Fasting times and gastric contents volume in children undergoing deep propofol sedation--an assessment using magnetic resonance imaging.

Aim: To investigate the effect of fasting times for clear fluids and solids/non-clear fluids on gastric content volume using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: Pediatric patients undergoing diagnostic MRI under deep propofol sedation, with the stomach located within the area of diagnostic study, were included in this clinical observational study. According to standard institutional guidelines, children were allowed to eat/drink until 4 h and to drink clear fluids until 2 h before scheduled induction time of anesthesia.

Pediatric epstein-barr virus carriers with or without tonsillar enlargement may substantially contribute to spreading of the virus.

Background: Human-to-human transmission of the persistent infection establishing Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) occurs via saliva. Tonsils act as important portal of entry and exit of EBV. The contagiousness of pediatric EBV carriers and the role played by tonsillar enlargement (TE) are not known.

Semi-elective intraosseous infusion after failed intravenous access in pediatric anesthesia.

Background: Intraosseous (IO) infusion is a well-established intervention to obtain vascular access in pediatric emergency medicine but is rarely used in routine pediatric anesthesia.

Methods: In this observational study, we report on a series of 14 children in whom semi-elective IO infusion was performed under inhalational anesthesia after peripheral intravenous (IV) access had failed. Patient and case characteristics, technical details, and estimated timings of IO infusion as well as associated complications were reviewed.