Behavioural characteristics and abdominal obesity among Brazilian shift working women.

Objective: To explore the association between behavioural characteristics with the prevalence of abdominal obesity (AO) among a population of Southern Brazilian shift working women.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted. AO was estimated using waist circumference (WC), and it was used to classify women as having AO (WC ≥ 88 cm).

Use of Medications by Breastfeeding Women in the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study.

This study describes medication use by women up to 3 months postpartum and evaluates the association between medication use by women who were still breastfeeding at 3 months postpartum and weaning at 6 and 12 months. Population-based cohort, including women who breastfed ( = 3988). Medications were classified according to Hale's lactation risk categories and Brazilian Ministry of Health criteria.

The association between disrespect and abuse of women during childbirth and postpartum depression: Findings from the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort study.

Background: This study examined the association between disrespect and abuse of women during facility-based childbirth and postpartum depression (PD) occurrence.

Methods: We used data from the 2015 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort, a population-based cohort of all live births in the city. We assessed 3065 mothers at pregnancy and 3-months after birth.

Efficacy of Regular Exercise During Pregnancy on the Prevention of Postpartum Depression: The PAMELA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Interventions to reduce postpartum depression have mainly focused on enhancing screening to increase treatment rates among women. Preventive approaches are timely from a population health perspective, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to mental health services is limited.

Objective: To assess the efficacy of regular exercise during pregnancy on the prevention of postpartum depression.

Prevalence, mortality and risk factors associated with very low birth weight preterm infants: an analysis of 33 years.

Objective: To assess the prevalence, mortality and risk factors associated with the birth of very low birth weight preterm infants over a period of 33 years.

Methods: Four cross-sectional studies were analyzed, using data from perinatal interviews of birth cohorts in the city of Pelotas collected in 1982, 1993, 2004, and 2015. Based on perinatal questionnaires, anthropometric measurements of newborns and death certificates were analyzed to obtain the prevalence rate, neonatal mortality, and risk factors (maternal age, income and type of delivery) for very low birth weight.

Changes in leisure-time physical activity among Brazilian pregnant women: comparison between two birth cohort studies (2004 - 2015).

Background: Low levels of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) during pregnancy have been shown in studies conducted worldwide. Surveillance is extremely important to monitor the progress of physical activity patterns over time and set goals for effective interventions to decrease inactivity among pregnant women. The aim of this study was to evaluate time changes in LTPA among Brazilian pregnant women in an 11-year period (2004-2015) by comparing data from two birth cohort studies.

Antenatal depressive symptoms among pregnant women: Evidence from a Southern Brazilian population-based cohort study.

Background: Antenatal depression (AD) is a major public health issue but evidence regarding its prevalence and associated factors in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is limited. The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence and identify risk factors for AD among Brazilian pregnant women.

Methods: All women living in the urban area of the city of Pelotas, Southern Brazil, with confirmed pregnancy and estimated delivery date in the year 2015, were invited to take part.

Physical activity during pregnancy and maternal-child health (PAMELA): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Preterm birth is associated with most cases of neonatal deaths and negative health outcomes, and hypertensive disorders. Hypertension is influenced by maternal behavior, such as physical activity. Physical activity is associated with better outcomes for mother and fetus, besides healthier weight gains during pregnancy.

Association between childhood trauma and loss of functionality in adult women with fibromyalgia.

Objective: To investigate whether history of childhood trauma is associated with loss of functionality in adult women with fibromyalgia (FM). A secondary objective was to assess the presence of differences between depressed and non-depressed adult women with FM in a regression model for functionality.

Methods: A total of 114 adult women with FM according to the American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria answered the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire.

Racial inequalities in access to women's health care in southern Brazil.

The aim of this population-based cross-sectional study was to investigate access by 20 to 60 year-old women--both black and white--to early detection (pap-smear) exams for breast and cervical cancer in two towns--São Leopoldo and Pelotas--in Rio Grande do Sul State, southern Brazil. Estimates of the association between race/color and access to Pap-smear and breast exams were adjusted for income, education, economic class and age. Of the 2,030 women interviewed, 16.

[The user's evaluation of the ophthalmologic service offered by SUS (Brazilian Unified Health System) in an urban center in the south of Brazil].

The user's evaluation is an important component of the quality of the health services. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the user's satisfaction with the ophthalmologic service provided by an accredited service of the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) in an urban center of the South of Brazil. It is a transversal study in which a questionnaire was applied about the user's socioeconomic and demographic profile, questions related to the quality of the service and suggestions and/or complaints regarding to the attendance and the service.

Socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle factors associated with dietary patterns of women living in Southern Brazil.

This study focused on the association between dietary patterns and socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. A population-based cross-sectional study was performed in 1,026 adult women from Southern Brazil. Dietary patterns were identified using principal components analysis.

[Physical violence and associated factors: a population-based study in Southern Brazil].

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of physical violence and its association with sociodemographic aspects, stressful life events, and the use of health services due to emotional problems.

Methods: A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted with a sample of 1,954 14-year-old or older inhabitants of the city of Canoas (Southern Brazil). They were selected by means of conglomerate sampling according to a pre-established system.

Counting children at risk: exploring a method to estimate the number of children exposed to parental mental illness using adult health survey data.

Children exposed to parental psychiatric disorders have an increased risk of several psychiatric disorders, impaired development, behavioural problems, injuries, physical illness and mortality. Even though this high-risk group has been shown to benefit from health promotion and preventive interventions, estimates of the size of the population at risk are not available. Estimating the number of exposed children using adult survey data will likely generate valuable information for health policy, planning, and advocacy.

Impulsivity, age of first alcohol use and substance use disorders among male adolescents: a population based case-control study.

Aims: To evaluate the association between impulsivity, age of first alcohol consumption (AFD) and substance use disorders (SUD) in a non-clinical sample of adolescents.

Design And Setting: Population-based case-control study of male adolescents between 15 and 20 years of age nested in a community survey in southern Brazil.

Participants: Cases were drug or alcohol abusers/dependents defined according to DSM-IV abuse/dependence criteria (n = 63).

The role of psychosocial, behavioural and emotional factors on self-reported major injuries in Brazilian adolescents: a case-control study.

Introduction: The objective of this research was to investigate the sociodemographic, psychosocial, behavioural and emotional risk factors associated with self-reported major injuries.

Methods: A case-control study, nested in a two-stage survey, was carried out in two cities of the Distrito Federal, Brazil. Cases were defined as subjects who reported an event resulting in injury or physical harm to the person, about which a hospital was visited or a doctor consulted (major injury), during the period of 6 months preceding the interview.

Use of the limits of agreement approach in periodontology.

Purpose: To discuss the statistical approaches that have been traditionally used to compare measures in periodontal research, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses and, finally, to suggest the use of the limits of agreement method of Altman and Bland (1983) as an alternative method to address this question.

Materials And Methods: Using a sample dataset of clinical periodontal measures as a background, the different possible approaches for agreement assessment are discussed and statistical and clinical points are considered. Eight hundred and forty repeated measures, belonging to the training phase of a clinical study, were performed in five individuals presenting different severities of periodontal conditions.

Using thought mapping and structured stories to decrease HIV risk behaviors among cocaine injectors and crack smokers in the South of Brazil.

Objectives: To compare changes in AIDS knowledge and risk behaviors among Brazilian cocaine users in an intervention trial.

Method: 119 participants were randomly assigned to either a standard or a standard plus "thought mapping" intervention, and re-interviewed 2 and 8 weeks after intake using standardized data collection instruments. Intervention effects were examined using generalized estimated equation model.

Validity of the "Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs" (CPITN) for population periodontitis screening.

The aim of the present study was to validate two versions of CPITN for periodontitis diagnosis. A sample of 400 individuals underwent full mouth periodontal examination including Clinical Attachment Loss, Periodontal Pocket Depth, and Sub-gingival Calculus. Full and partial CPITN versions were derived from this exam (gold standard).