Pimobendan controlled release guar gum printlets: Tailoring drug doses for personalised veterinary medicines.

Treating chronic heart diseases in dogs is challenging due to variations in mass within and between species. Pimobendan (PBD), a veterinary drug only, is prescribed in specific cases of chronic heart disease in dogs and is available on the market in only a few different doses. Furthermore, the therapy itself is challenging due to the large size of the chewable tablets and the requirement for twice-daily administration.

A critical review of traditional and advanced characterisation tools to drive formulators towards the rational development of 3D printed oral dosage forms.

The high degree of precision and control of 3D printing has given formulators the autonomy to engineer sophisticated and personalised medicines, starting a revolution in pharmaceutics. In addition, dosage forms with tailored drug release profile can be produced by changing some parameters of the 3D printing processes. Therefore, 3D printed medicines must be characterised in an orthogonal approach, to establish their physicochemical and biopharmaceutical features, and consequently to understand how these characteristics can be customised by changing the formulation and process parameters to ensure medicines' safety and efficacy.

Ivermectin: recent approaches in the design of novel veterinary and human medicines.

Ivermectin (IVM) is a drug widely used in veterinary and human medicine for the management of parasitic diseases. Its repositioning potential has been recently considered for the treatment of different diseases, such as cancer and viral infections. However, IVM faces some limitations to its formulations due to its low water solubility and bioavailability, along with reports of drug resistance.

Safety and Efficacy of the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis-Based Products in the Treatment of Dogs: An Integrative Review.

The use of cannabis-based products for therapeutic purposes is a reality in the field of animal health. However, although cannabis is considered safe when appropriately used by human patients, cannabis-based products can pose a risk to companion animals such as dogs, depending on their composition or route of administration. Thus, this article discusses aspects of the safety and efficacy of different cannabis-based products in dogs' treatment through an integrative review.

A liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) method for identification analysis of saponins from Quillaja saponaria bark extracts in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines: Development, validation and applicability.

Saponins from Quillaja saponaria have been commonly used as immunomodulatory adjuvants in foot-and-mouth disease vaccines (FMDVs). However, due to the lack of consensus over the possible exacerbation of local inflammatory responses in cattle and its economic impacts, their use has been discouraged by Brazilian authorities. A qualitative method intended to determine the presence of saponins from Q.

Liquid chromatography method to assay tretinoin in skin layers: validation and application in skin penetration/retention studies.

A liquid chromatography (LC) method for the quantification of tretinoin (TTN) in different matrices (adhesive tape, cotton and porcine skin layers, , viable epidermis, and dermis) was validated and applied in porcine skin penetration/retention studies. This study proposes, for the first time, a method for assaying TTN in separated porcine skin layers (, viable epidermis, and dermis). The skin studies were carried out using tape stripping and cutaneous retention techniques.

Redispersible Spray-Dried Powder Containing Nanoencapsulated Curcumin: the Drying Process Does Not Affect Neuroprotection In vitro.

A redispersible spray-dried formulation containing curcumin-loaded, lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC-C) was developed for oral administration. The neuroprotective activity of curcumin after the spray-drying process was evaluated in vitro. The spray-dried powder (SD-LNC-C) was produced using a drying adjuvant composed of a blend of maltodextrin and L-leucine (90:10 w/w).

Redispersible spray-dried lipid-core nanocapsules intended for oral delivery: the influence of the particle number on redispersibility.

This study proposes a new approach to produce easily redispersible spray-dried lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) intended for oral administration, evaluating the influence of the particle number density of the fed sample. The proposed approach to develop redispersible spray-dried LNC formulations intended for oral route is innovative, evidencing the needing of an optimization of the initial particle number density in the liquid suspension of nanocapsules. A mixture of maltodextrin and L-leucine (90:10 w/w) was used as drying adjuvant.

Cationic Polymeric Nanocapsules as a Strategy to Target Dexamethasone to Viable Epidermis: Skin Penetration and Permeation Studies.

The present work aimed to evaluate the behavior of dexamethasone-loaded cationic polymericnanocapsules in hydrogels, regarding their in vitro drug release and skin drug retention and per- meation. Cationic polymeric nanocapsules prepared with Eudragit RS 100 as the polymeric wall had mean particle size of 139 +/- 3.6 nm, positive zeta potential (+11.

Free and nanoencapsulated vitamin D3 : effects on E-NTPDase and E-ADA activities in an animal model with induced arthritis.

Unlabelled: The effect of vitamin D3 in oral solution (VD3 ) and vitamin D3 -loaded nanocapsules (NC-VD3 ) was analysed in animals with complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis (AR). For this purpose, we evaluated scores for arthritis, thermal hyperalgesia and paw oedema, as well as histological analyses and measurements of the activity of the ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase (E-NTPDase) and ecto-adenosine deaminase (E-ADA) enzymes in rat lymphocytes. Haematological and biochemical parameters were also determined.

Nanoencapsulation of Clobetasol Propionate Decreases Its Penetration to Skin Layers Without Changing Its Relative Skin Distribution.

An immunosuppressive effect with drug release control and higher NTPDase activity in the treatment of contact dermatitis was previously reported for a hydrogel containing 0.05% clobetasol propionate-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (HG-LNC-CP) compared to a hydrogel containing the non-encapsulated drug (HG-CP). In order to investigate the factors underlying this different performance, we evaluated the in vitro skin permeation/penetration of CP from both formulations (HG-LNC-CP and HG-CP).

Assessing the In Vitro Drug Release from Lipid-Core Nanocapsules: a New Strategy Combining Dialysis Sac and a Continuous-Flow System.

The in vitro assessment of drug release from polymeric nanocapsules suspensions is one of the most studied parameters in the development of drug-loaded nanoparticles. Nevertheless, official methods for the evaluation of drug release from submicrometric carriers are not available. In this work, a new approach to assess the in vitro drug release profile from drug-loaded lipid-core nanocapsules (LNC) was proposed.