Risk Factors for Intra-Abdominal Infections Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing in a Surgical Setting.

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for acquisition of intra-abdominal infections (IAI) caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in surgical patients. A matched case-control study was performed. We included all cases with CPE-related IAI acquired during admission to a general surgery department from January 2013 to December 2018, and they were matched with control subjects with IAI caused by non-resistant bacteria (ratio 1:3).

Evaluation of diagnostic accuracy of 10 serological assays for detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.

Antibody detection is essential to establish exposure, infection, and immunity to SARS-CoV-2, as well as to perform epidemiological studies. The worldwide urge for new diagnostic tools to control the pandemic has led to a quick incorporation in clinical practice of the recently developed serological assays. However, as only few comparative studies have been published, there is a lack of data about the diagnostic accuracy of currently available assays.

Several Plasmodium vivax relapses after correct primaquine treatment in a patient with impaired cytochrome P450 2D6 function.

Background: Plasmodium vivax malaria is characterized by the presence of dormant liver-stage parasites, called hypnozoites, which can cause malaria relapses after an initial attack. Primaquine, which targets liver hypnozoites, must be used in combination with a schizonticidal agent to get the radical cure. However, relapses can sometimes occur in spite of correct treatment, due to different factors such as a diminished metabolization of primaquine.

Intra-Abdominal Infections by Carbapenemase-Producing in a Surgical Unit: Counting Mortality, Stay, and Costs.

Carbapenemase-producing (CPE)-related infections are a problem in public health at present, including intra-abdominal infections (IAI) and surgical populations. The aim of this study was to determine mortality and related risk factors, length of stay (LOS,) and costs for CPE-IAI in surgical patients. Review of CPE-related IAI acquired during admission in a general surgery department from January 2013 to December 2018.

First national survey of the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection in Clinical Microbiology Laboratories in Spain.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to know, through a national survey, the methods and techniques used for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) in the different Clinical Microbiology Services/Laboratories in Spain, as well as antibiotic resistance data.

Methods: The survey requested information about the diagnostic methods performed for Hp detection in Clinical Microbiology laboratories, including serology, stool antigen, culture from gastric biopsies, and PCR. In addition, the performance of antibiotic susceptibility was collected.

Surgical site infection by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. A challenge for today's surgeons.

Introduction: Infections caused by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are dramatically increasing worldwide, with an important impact on surgical patients. Our aim was to assess the clinical profile, outcomes, treatment, mortality and costs of CPE-related surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with abdominal surgery.

Methods: Review of CPE-related SSI in patients with abdominal surgery from January 2013 to December 2018.

Mycobacterium lentiflavum as the main cause of lymphadenitis in pediatric population.

Introduction: Cervical lymphadenitis is the most common nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection in immunocompetent children, mainly in those under 5years. For many years Mycobacterium lentiflavum (M. lentiflavum) has been considered a rare NTM causing lymphadenitis.

Specific Clinical Profile and Risk Factors for Mortality in General Surgery Patients with Infections by Multi-Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Background: The incidence of gram-negative multi-drug-resistant (MDR) infections is increasing worldwide. This study sought to determine the incidence, clinical profiles, risk factors, and mortality of these infections in general surgery patients.

Patients And Methods: All general surgery patients with a clinical infection by gram-negative MDR bacteria were studied prospectively for a period of five years (2007-2011).

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in a tertiary care hospital in Madrid: epidemiology, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns.

Introduction: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria have been increasingly reported as causal agents of nosocomial infection worldwide. Resistance patterns vary internationally, and even locally, from one institution to the other. We investigated the clinical isolates positive for ESBL-producing bacteria in our institution, a tertiary care hospital in Madrid (Spain), during a 2-year period (2007-2008).

Abdominal abscess due to NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in Spain.

We describe a clinical case of an abdominal abscess due to NDM-1-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a 35-year-old Spanish patient after hospitalization in India for perforated appendicitis and peritonitis. The strain belonged to the MLST type 231 and had multiple additional antibiotic resistance genes such as bla(CTX-M-15), armA methylase, aac(6')-Ib-cr, dfrA12, sul1 and qnrB and lack of porin genes ompK35 and ompK36. The patient was cured after abscess drainage.