Effect of Tirzepatide on Body Weight and Diabetes Control in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity.

Objective: To determine the effect of tirzepatide on weight, diabetes control, and insulin requirements, and its safety profile in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and overweight or obesity.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of adults with T1D using tirzepatide for overweight/obesity treatment between June 1, 2022, and October 31, 2023, at Mayo Clinic. Fifty-one patients fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria (adults with established T1D diagnosis and a body mass index ≥27 kg/m using tirzepatide for 3 months or longer and without a history of bariatric surgery or active malignancy).

Efficacy of in-person versus digital enhanced lifestyle interventions in adults with overweight and obesity.

Background: Lifestyle interventions (LIs) are the cornerstone for obesity management. The Mayo Clinic Diet (MCD) offers two approaches for LIs: the In-Person LI (IPLI) and the Digital Enhanced LI (DELI). The IPLI includes a 2-day in-person program with monthly follow-ups, whereas the DELI provides on-demand digital tools.

Impact of Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway Genetic Variants on Weight Loss Outcomes After Endoscopic Transoral Outlet Reduction.

Purpose: Variants in the leptin-melanocortin pathway (LMP) are associated with severe obesity. We evaluated weight loss of patients with or without heterozygous LMP variants, with weight recurrence after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, who underwent endoscopic transoral outlet reduction (TORe).

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients genotyped for an LMP who had undergone TORe, classified as "carriers" or "non-carriers" of genetic variants.

Precision medicine for obesity: current evidence and insights for personalization of obesity pharmacotherapy.

Obesity is a chronic and complex disease associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and financial burden. It is expected that by 2030 one of two people in the United States will have obesity. The backbone for obesity management continues to be lifestyle interventions, consisting of calorie deficit diets and increased physical activity levels, however, these interventions are often insufficient to achieve sufficient and maintained weight loss.

Unraveling the Variability of Human Satiation: Implications for Precision Obesity Management.

Satiation is the physiologic process that regulates meal size and termination, and it is quantified by the calories consumed to reach satiation. Given its role in energy intake, changes in satiation contribute to obesity's pathogenesis. Our study employed a protocolized approach to study the components of food intake regulation including a standardized breakfast, a gastric emptying study, appetite sensation testing, and a satiation measurement by an test.

Weight loss outcomes with semaglutide based on diabetes severity using the individualized metabolic surgery score.

Background: Semaglutide demonstrated inferior weight loss responses in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) compared to patients with obesity without T2D. The individualized metabolic surgery (IMS) score was validated to predict T2D remission after bariatric surgery. The parameters of the IMS are HbA1c (<7%), insulin use, T2D medications and T2D duration.

Weight-centric prevention of cancer.

Background: The link between excess adiposity and carcinogenesis has been well established for multiple malignancies, and cancer is one of the main contributors to obesity-related mortality. The potential role of different weight-loss interventions on cancer risk modification has been assessed, however, its clinical implications remain to be determined. In this clinical review, we present the data assessing the effect of weight loss interventions on cancer risk.

The association between previous use of anti-obesity medication and semaglutide weight loss outcomes.

Aims: To compare weight loss outcomes between patients starting semaglutide who had previously been on another anti-obesity medication (AOM) compared to those who were AOM-naïve.

Materials And Methods: We performed a retrospective study in patients with overweight or obesity taking semaglutide for weight loss for a duration of 3 to 12 months. Our primary endpoint was assessment of percentage of total body weight loss (TBWL) in patients who started semaglutide as their first AOM (AOM-naïve) compared to those who started semaglutide and had previously taken another AOM (non-AOM-naïve).

Weight loss response to semaglutide in postmenopausal women with and without hormone therapy use.

Objective: To compare weight loss response and changes in cardiometabolic risk markers in postmenopausal women using semaglutide with and without menopause hormone therapy (HT) use.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of postmenopausal women treated with semaglutide for overweight or obesity for ≥3 months. Endpoints: total body weight loss percentage (TBWL%) at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after semaglutide initiation; and percentage of women achieving ≥5% and ≥10% TBWL and changes in cardiometabolic risk markers (glucose, blood pressure, and lipids) at 12 months.

Cumulative effect of obesity phenotypes on body weight and body mass index.

Background: Obesity originates from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Changes in energy intake components (satiation, postprandial satiety, emotional eating) and energy expenditure have been linked to obesity and are referred to as obesity phenotypes. We aim to study if these obesity phenotypes have a cumulative effect on body weight and body mass index (BMI).

Weight loss and cardiovascular disease risk outcomes of semaglutide: a one-year multicentered study.

Background/objective: There are limited real-world studies assessing semaglutide weight loss and associated comorbidity and metabolic outcomes over periods ≥ 6 months. We aim to assess weight loss, metabolic, and cardiovascular outcomes of 12 months of semaglutide.

Subject/methods: We conducted a multicentered retrospective cohort study on semaglutide use.

Low Incidence of Pulmonary Aspiration During Upper Endoscopy in Patients Prescribed a Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonist.

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists have transformed the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. These agents have been associated with varying degrees of delay in gastric emptying, and a significant proportion of patients experience digestive side effects. There have been previous case reports of gastric retention of food and pulmonary aspiration during upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in the setting of GLP-1 receptor agonist use; however, the cumulative incidence has not been previously explored.

Efficacy of Antiobesity Medications in Patients With Celiac Disease on a Gluten-free Diet: A Retrospective Matched Cohort Study.

Goals: We aim to describe the weight loss outcomes of patients with celiac disease (CeD) taking antiobesity medications (AOMs) and compare it with the weight loss outcomes of patients without CeD taking AOMs.

Background: Increasing rates of obesity and obesity-associated comorbidities have been previously reported in patients with CeD on a gluten-free diet. The effectiveness of AOMs in this population has not been previously described.

Type 2 Diabetes Remission in Patients with Heterozygous Variants in the Leptin-Melanocortin Pathway after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is associated with a high rate of type 2 diabetes (T2D) remission. Carriers of heterozygous variants in the leptin-melanocortin pathway (LMP) are more likely to experience weight recurrence after RYGB. Our aim was to investigate if carrier status and associated weight regain affects the rate of T2D remission after RYGB.

Scientific literacy and preferred resources used by Latin American medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A multinational survey.

This study aims to identify the preferred sources for acquiring knowledge about COVID-19 and to evaluate basic knowledge on critical scientific literature appraisal in students from medical schools located in Spanish speaking countries in Latin America.  We designed an online survey of 15 closed-ended questions related to demographics, preferred resources for COVID-19 training, and items to assess critical appraisal skills. A snowball method was used for sampling.

Publication rate and citation counts for preprints released during the COVID-19 pandemic: the good, the bad and the ugly.

Background: Preprints are preliminary reports that have not been peer-reviewed. In December 2019, a novel coronavirus appeared in China, and since then, scientific production, including preprints, has drastically increased. In this study, we intend to evaluate how often preprints about COVID-19 were published in scholarly journals and cited.

Quantifying alcohol use among Ecuadorian human immunodeficiency virus positive individuals and assessing alcohol as an independent risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus: A case control study STROBE.

Alcohol abuse has been identified as a risk factor for contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and accelerating disease progression. Our study aims to determine alcohol consumption rates among Ecuadorian HIV positive (HIV+) patients prior to diagnosis to evaluate its impact as an independent risk factor for contracting HIV. Additionally, we will examine post-diagnosis consumption rates among the HIV+ population.