Assessment of dementia in a clinical sample of persons with intellectual disability.

Background: Assessment of age-associated disorders has become increasingly important.

Methods: In a clinical setting, people with intellectual disability with and without dementia were assessed retrospectively using the Neuropsychological Test Battery (NTB) and the Dementia Questionnaire for People with Learning Disabilities (DLD) at two different times to analyse neuropsychological changes and diagnostic validity. One group (n = 44) was assessed with both instruments, while the DLD was applied in 71 patients.

Process-Outcome Associations in an Interdisciplinary Treatment for Chronic Pain and Comorbid Mental Disorders Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.

Objective: Numerous studies support the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for chronic pain, yet little research has been conducted about its underlying mechanisms of change, especially regarding patients with comorbid mental disorders. The present investigation addressed this issue by examining associations of processes targeted by ACT (pain acceptance, mindfulness, psychological flexibility) and clinical outcomes (pain intensity, somatic symptoms, physical health, mental health, depression, general anxiety).

Subjects: Participants were 109 patients who attended an ACT-based interdisciplinary treatment program for chronic pain and comorbid mental disorders in a routine care psychiatric day hospital.

Telemedicine Treatment and Care for Patients with Intellectual Disability.

In recent years, telemedicine has been developing very dynamically. The development of new technologies allows their use in the treatment of dermatological, cardiological, endocrine and other diseases. However, there are few reports on the use of digital technologies in the mental health care of people with intellectual disabilities.

Acceptance and commitment-based therapy for patients with psychiatric and physical health conditions in routine general hospital care - Development, implementation and outcomes.

Objective: Transdiagnostic approaches are needed to effectively treat patients with a broad range of diagnoses and comorbidities in routine general hospital care. Yet the evidence for the effectiveness of treatments beyond Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is largely lacking. We describe the process of implementing an interdisciplinary multi-professional Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based treatment for patients with psychiatric and physical health conditions and present outcomes before and after implementation.

[Guidance in Simple Language for Psychopathological Assessment of People with Intellectual Disabilities According to the AMDP].

This study evaluates the usefulness of a modified version of "AMDP Interview Guidance", the established German instrument in simple language for psychopathological examination. A total of 19 patients with intellectual disabilities underwent psychopathological examination with the help of the original version of the AMDP interview guidance, a modified version and a free, non-standardised and the three versions were assessed. With the original version of the AMDP interview guidance, 50% of the patients with intellectual disabilities were able to answer in a proper way and delivered an appropriate result for the psychopathological assessment.

A clinical effectiveness trial comparing ACT and CBT for inpatients with depressive and mixed mental disorders.

Meta-analyses show that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) is an efficacious treatment for a wide range of mental health problems. However, few studies have examined the effectiveness of ACT in naturalistic inpatient settings and in direct comparison to Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ACT and CBT with regard to depression, general symptom strain and life satisfaction.

Migration-related emotional distress among Vietnamese psychiatric patients in Germany: An interdisciplinary, mixed methods study.

Culture and socialization influence how individuals perceive and express emotional distress. Research therefore, must consider the context to capture individual experiences. However, the majority of studies on factors associated with emotional distress among migrants use quantitative approaches, limiting an in-depth understanding.

[Comorbidity of hypoglycaemia anxiety and panic disorder in a patient with type-1 diabetes - Combined treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy and Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) in a psychosomatic day-treatment center].

Clinical History And Findings: A patient with T1DM, panic disorder and hypoglycaemia fear diabetes duration 4 years, BMI 25. 6, was treated in the day clinic psychosomatics with a multimodal treatment approach. She reports severe fear of hypoglycaemia and repeated hypoglycaemia.

Psychopharmacological Treatment in Older People: Avoiding Drug Interactions and Polypharmacy.

Background: As the elderly population increases, so, too, does the number of multimorbid patients and the risk of polypharmacy. The consequences include drug interactions, undesired side effects of medication, health impairment, and the need for hospital- ization. 5-10% of hospital admissions among the elderly are attributable to undesired side effects of medication.

Developing a Diagnostic Algorithm for the Music-Based Scale for Autism Diagnostics (MUSAD) Assessing Adults with Intellectual Disability.

Initial studies have presented the Music-based Scale for Autism Diagnostics (MUSAD) as a promising DSM-5-based observational tool to identify autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults with intellectual disability (ID). The current study is the first to address its clinical utility in a new sample of 124 adults with ID (60.5% diagnosed with ASD).

The relationship between causal beliefs and desire for social distance towards people with schizophrenia and depression: Results from a survey of young Ghanaian adults.

This study examines attitudes of the young Ghanaian population regarding the relationship between causal beliefs and desire for social distance from people with symptoms of schizophrenia and depression. Respondents (n = 507) were presented with depression and schizophrenia symptoms using unlabeled case vignettes. A factor analysis examined three factors for causal beliefs, and multiple linear regression analysis on the desire for social distance was conducted.

The Medical Care of People With Intellectual Disability.

Background: An estimated 1.5 million persons in Germany are intellectually disabled. Persons with intellectual disability (ID) are especially vulnerable to somatic and mental illnesses.

[Autism spectrum disorders in adults with intellectual disabilities : Frequencies and characteristics].

Objective: Collation of frequencies and clinical characteristics of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in persons with intellectual disability (ID).

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of a clinical psychiatric sample of 710 adults with ID and mental disorders.

Results: The frequency of ASD in an adult sample with ID was 19%.

[Dementia in Adults with Down Syndrome: A Frequent Reason for Admission to Psychiatry].

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and clinical characteristics of dementia in a clinical sample of adults with Down syndrome. Consequences for clinical practice were deduced.

Methods: Patient characteristics and prevalence rates of dementia were evaluated in adults with Down syndrome who were admitted to psychiatry from 2005 to 2012 (N = 75).

Public attitude towards restrictions on persons with mental illness in greater Hanoi area, Vietnam.

Background And Aims: In recent years, there has been a growing awareness of the need to protect human rights in psychiatry. Within the last years, considerable effort has been made to reduce restrictive measures in mental health settings. Reducing restrictive measures within mental health care has also moved increasingly into the focus of public debate.

Public attitudes towards psychiatrists in the metropolitan area of Hanoi, Vietnam.

Objectives: Mental health associated stigmatization remains problematic in low and middle-income countries, thus preventing patients from adequate access to psychiatric care. Public attitudes towards psychiatrists have not been examined in many countries, especially not in Vietnam where merely one psychiatrist per 300.000 population is available.

Acculturation and severity of depression among first-generation Vietnamese outpatients in Germany.

Background: Challenges of migration, particularly concerning the process of acculturation are associated with an increased risk of mental illness. Vietnamese migrants constitute the largest Southeast Asian migrant group in Germany, yet there is no data on the relationship between the mental health status and acculturation among this population.

Aims: Therefore, the present study examines the relationship between two well-established dimensions of acculturation, that is, dominant society immersion (DSI) and ethnic society immersion (ESI), the four resulting acculturation strategies (integration, assimilation, separation and marginalization), and severity of depression.

Cultural differences in symptom representation for depression and somatization measured by the PHQ between Vietnamese and German psychiatric outpatients.

Objective: Despite an extensive body of research on somatic symptom presentation among people of East- and Southeast-Asian descent, results are still inconclusive. Examining and comparing symptom presentation in clinically and ethnically well-characterized populations may constitute a step towards understanding symptom presentation between patients with a different cultural background. This study aims to compare Vietnamese and German patients regarding cultural dynamics of symptom presentation upon first admission to a psychiatric outpatient service.

[Body weight and mental disorders : Results from a clinical psychiatric cross-sectional study of people with intellectual disabilities].

Background: People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have a shorter life expectancy and higher mortality rate and more often suffer from various physical and mental disorders (WHO: 3-4 times more often than the general population). Obesity is an important risk factor for various disorders. This cross-sectional study examined the body weight and its risk factors in a clinical population of adults with ID.

Influence of urbanity on perception of mental illness stigma: a population based study in urban and rural Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background And Aims: To examine, for the first time in Vietnam, whether urbanity of respondents among other socio-demographic factors affects the public perception of stigma attached to persons with mental illness in Hanoi.

Methods: A general population-based survey was carried out in 2013 in the greater Hanoi area. The perception of stigma attached to people with mental illness was elicited using Link's perceived discrimination and devaluation scale (PDDS) carried out in Vietnamese language.