No Effect of Commercial Cognitive Training on Brain Activity, Choice Behavior, or Cognitive Performance.

Increased preference for immediate over delayed rewards and for risky over certain rewards has been associated with unhealthy behavioral choices. Motivated by evidence that enhanced cognitive control can shift choice behavior away from immediate and risky rewards, we tested whether training executive cognitive function could influence choice behavior and brain responses. In this randomized controlled trial, 128 young adults (71 male, 57 female) participated in 10 weeks of training with either a commercial web-based cognitive training program or web-based video games that do not specifically target executive function or adapt the level of difficulty throughout training.

Perceived barriers to weight management in primary care--perspectives of patients and providers.

Background: Despite the consequences of overweight and obesity, effective weight management is not occurring in primary care.

Objective: To identify beliefs about obesity that act as barriers to weight management in primary care by surveying both patients and providers and comparing their responses.

Design: Anonymous, cross-sectional, self-administered survey of patients and providers of a Veteran's Administration Primary Care Clinic, distributed at the clinic site.

Screening by the prostate-specific antigen test: what do the patients know?

Background: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men, and prostate cancer screening is recommended for all men over the age of 50. The use of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test for cancer screening is controversial.

Methods: At two different Veterans Administration facilities, outpatients completed a 15-item questionnaire about their knowledge of the PSA test two weeks after receiving a screening test.

Structured group therapy and fluoxetine to treat depression in HIV-positive persons.

In 1990, 20 asymptomatic persons diagnosed with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-positive) and mild-to-moderate depression were divided into 2 comparison groups. One group received structured group therapy plus fluoxetine, while the other received the same therapy plus a placebo. Affective, neurocognitive, and immune variables were measured before and after the intervention.

Gender differences in sexual fantasy and behavior in a college population: a ten-year replication.

This report is a replication of a study conducted 10 years ago by Person et al., investigating gender differences in sexual behaviors and fantasies in a college population. We found that men continue to fantasize more than women, but the gender differences have narrowed.

Computed tomography of primitive neuroectodermal tumors.

The primitive neuroectodermal tumor is a neoplasm of young individuals that occurs predominantly in the supratentorial compartment. It appears on computed tomography as a bulky mass, often with calcification with predominantly homogeneous enhancement but on occasion with cystic or necrotic areas. Cerebrospinal fluid seeding was observed in more than half the cases in our series.