Evaluation of susceptibility to pyrazinamide and streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol of Mycobacterium caprae strains isolated from European bison (Bison bonasus caucasicus) in the Bieszczady Mountains (Southern Poland).

The material for drug resistance testing was 28 strains of Mycobacterium caprae isolated from tissue collected post mortem from a free-living Bieszczady Mountain European bison (Bison bonasus caucasicus) herd. All drug susceptibility tests were carried out on an automated Bactec mycobacterial growth indicator tube (MGIT) 960 system, using Bactec MGIT 960 streptomycin, isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol (S.I.

Serologic Evidence of Exposure to Leishmania infantum in Captive and Free-ranging European Bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland, 2017-23 .

The European Bison (Bison bonasus) is the largest mammal in Europe and is classified as an endangered species. Leishmaniosis is a vector-borne disease caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum. In general, this infection has been associated with dogs, cats, and humans.

tuberculosis in a captive lion in Ukraine - Case Report.

. Because of the armed conflict in Ukraine, companion, farm and captive wild animals have been moved in a simplified procedure across the Polish-Ukrainian border. For that reason, in 2022, Poznań Zoo provided support for almost 200 wild animals before movement to facilities in other countries.

Mycobacterium avium and Klebsiella pneumoniae co-infection in the domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) - Case Report.

. Pets infected with zoonotic pathogens might become a source of infections for their owners, especially those who are immuno-compromised. The aim of this report is to describe a case of chronic, untreatable pneumonia in a domestic ferret.

The Nutri-Score Scale-A Tool for Assessing the Nutritional Quality of Processed Meat Products Available on the Polish Market.

Although meat and meat products are important sources of protein in the human diet, consumption appears to be a predisposing factor in the onset of several civilisation diseases, particularly red meat and its products. One way to reduce diet-related diseases is to guide consumers towards consciously purchasing healthier foods by including a nutrition declaration on product labels, such as by using a "front-of-pack" (FOP) labelling system. This study aimed to determine the Nutri-Score classes for processed meat products, distinguish products that are potentially better for consumers, and determine whether the refined algorithm significantly contributed to a change in product classification.

Antibodies against the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Brucella spp. in captive and free-living European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland.

Background: The European bison (Bison bonasus), a symbol of Polish nature, is a protected species that requires active health monitoring. However, conservation efforts are made difficult by the zoonotic diseases such as brucellosis and tuberculosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to screen the Polish European bison population for exposure to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and Brucella spp.

Mycobacterial Interspersed Repeat Unit-Variable Number Tandem Repeat Typing of Strains Isolated from the Lymph Nodes of Free-Living Carnivorous Animals in Poland.

Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous organisms, of which some, especially those of the complex (MAC), may be opportunistic animal and human pathogens. Infection with NTM can interfere with tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and induce zoonoses, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Diseases caused by NTM have become more readily recognized; however, they are likely still underestimated.

Assessment of dietary exposure to food additives used in Polish processed meat products.

Dietary exposure assessments have been performed for nitrites, phosphates, erythorbic acid, and sodium erythorbate in processed meat in Poland. The exposure has been estimated based on the maximum level of use of additives contained in Regulation - tier 2 and the concentration of additives in processed meat - tier 3, additionally for nitrites. Daily intake was estimated using 24-h recall, repeated three times.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum in European bison (Bison bonasus) and their ticks from Lithuania and Poland.

The increasing population of European bison (Bison bonasus) can contribute to the prevalence of zoonotic pathogens. The aim of the present study was to assess the presence of A. phagocytophilum infection in European bison tissues as well as ticks removed from European bison in Lithuania and Poland.

Dyes Used in Processed Meat Products in the Polish Market, and Their Possible Risks and Benefits for Consumer Health.

Manufacturers are obliged to label processed meat products with information concerning the additives used and nutritional values. The aim of the study was to identify the dyes most frequently used in processed meat, evaluate their influence on specific food qualities, assess whether their use was correct and review their effect on health. The analysis was based on information on the labels and images of processed meat, and used a generalised linear model with a binary dependent variable.

No evidence of complex infection in samples from cervids in various regions of Poland.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a widespread disease known to affect livestock and wildlife, as well as humans. However, its incidence in wildlife remains poorly recognized on the global level. In Europe, the majority of TB cases have been confirmed in red deer, badgers and wild boar.

The Genetic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Pyogenic Pathogens Isolated from Porcine Lymph Nodes.

According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, pork remains the most consumed meat in the world. Consequently, it is very important to ensure that it is of the highest microbiological quality. Many of the pathogens that cause lymph node lesions in pigs are zoonotic agents, and the most commonly isolated bacteria are spp.

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Genetic Material in a Free-Living Brown Bear (Ursus arctos).

Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) has rarely been detected in bears (Ursidae). We describe detection of MTBC genetic material using a single-tube, high-multiplex PCR and fluorescence-based detection system in a throat swab collected from a free-living, problem individual during immobilization and telemetry collar deployment. Mycobacterial culture was negative in all samples.

A serological survey of pathogens associated with the respiratory and digestive system in the Polish European bison (Bison bonasus) population in 2017-2022.

Background: The European bison (Bison bonasus) is a near threatened species and requires health monitoring. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pathogens known to cause respiratory and digestive illness in ruminants.

Results: In the studied 328 European bison, the highest seroprevalence was observed for Bovine herpesvirus-1 (BoHV-1) (50.

Contact between European bison and cattle from the cattle breeders' perspective, in the light of the risk of pathogen transmission.

Pathogens transmitted between wildlife and domestic animals can pose a threat to endangered species, undermine conservation efforts in wildlife, and affect productivity and parasite control in domestic animals. There are several examples of pathogen transmission between European bison and other animals. The present study surveyed breeders from the vicinity of four large wisent populations in eastern Poland about observed contacts between wisent and cattle.

Ten Years of Animal Tuberculosis Monitoring in Free-Living European Bison () in Poland.

In the period 1996-2012, two outbreaks of animal tuberculosis were noted in the population of free-living European bison () in the Bieszczady Mountains, Southern Poland. As the European bison is an endangered species and particularly susceptible to tuberculosis, not to mention a national icon, the decision was made to test all deceased bison for TB in Poland. The screened bison were obtained by elimination due to poor health or natural death.

The Eradication of Tuberculosis in Wild Boar () in the Bieszczady Mountains, Southern Poland - An Administrative Perspective.

Introduction: Animal tuberculosis (TB) is a zoonotic disease caused by acid-fast bacteria belonging to the complex (MTBC). Both animals and humans are susceptible to infection by the MTBC. Interspecies transmission is also possible, including to livestock and humans.

Subspecies in Asymptomatic Zoo Herbivores in Poland.

Mycobacterial infections are significant issues in zoo animals, influencing animal welfare, conservation efforts, and the zoonotic potential of pathogens. Although tuberculosis is recognised to be highly dangerous, paratuberculosis can also lead to animal losses and is potentially dangerous for humans. The aim of the current study was to confirm whether spp.

A review of tuberculosis and parasitic disease co-infection in ungulates, with regard to the potential threat to European bison ().

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a dangerous zoonosis which presents a serious problem for endangered species such as European bison ( Bison bonasus). Little is known about the influence of parasitic co-infections on the course and diagnosis of tuberculosis in animals. The best known co-infection in cattle is Fasciola hepatica and Mycobacterium bovis.

Comorbidities and concentration of trace elements in livers of European bison from Bieszczady Mountains (Poland).

European bison is a species for which health monitoring is essential in conservation activities. So far, little research has been carried out on the concentration of elements in this species. Most previous studies did not associate the concentration of elements with susceptibility to diseases.

Is Serological Monitoring a Fit-for-purpose Tool to Assess the Epidemiological Situation of Tuberculosis in the Sylvatic Species of European Bison () in Poland?

Introduction: Bovine tuberculosis is one of the most dangerous zoonotic diseases. Despite the near-complete elimination of the disease from cattle breeding in Poland achieved in 2009, its re-emergence is now observed. Globally, the number of human cases is underestimated and the importance of free-living animals as reservoirs of tuberculosis is growing.

Transmission between Cattle and a Farmer in Central Poland.

Introduction: Zoonoses have recently become an increasing public health problem. Zoonoses are estimated to account for 60% of all emerging infectious diseases. One particularly important zoonosis is human tuberculosis, especially tuberculosis due to (), which is naturally resistant to pyrazinamide (PZA).

Suspicion of bovine tuberculosis in sheep in the Małopolskie Voivodeship (southern Poland).

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in sheep (Ovis aries) is caused by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae. Even though sheep have been considered less sensitive to BTB than other ruminants, they have been subject to increasing numbers of tuberculosis cases and it has been suggested that they may act as a disease reservoir in some regions. Aim of the study: Following a report of tuberculous-like gross lesions (repeated cases of purulent or caseous lymphadenitis and a single case of serosal tubercles on the peritoneum) from veterinarians working in a slaughterhouse in the Małopolskie Voivodeship, southern Poland, the aim of this study was to conduct ante-mortem BTB diagnostics in three flocks with suspected BTB.

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Isolated from Infections in European Bison ().

is a Gram-positive bacterium causing purulent infections in many animal species, including the European bison. However, the data about the virulence and genetic relationships of strains isolated from these wild ruminants are strongly limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of infections in the European bison, and to evaluate the genetic diversity of isolates from these animals.