Dynamic model of a municipal wastewater stabilization pond in the arctic.

Waste stabilisation ponds (WSPs) are the method of choice for sewage treatment in most arctic communities because they can operate in extreme climate conditions, require a relatively modest investment, are passive and therefore easy and inexpensive to operate and maintain. However, most arctic WSPs are currently limited in their ability to remove carbonaceous biochemical oxygen demand (CBOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and ammonia-nitrogen. An arctic WSP differs from a 'southern' WSP in the way it is operated and in the conditions under which it operates.

Combined bioelectrochemical-electrical model of a microbial fuel cell.

Several recent studies demonstrated significant charge storage in electrochemical biofilms. Aiming to evaluate the impact of charge storage on microbial fuel cell (MFC) performance, this work presents a combined bioelectrochemical-electrical (CBE) model of an MFC. In addition to charge storage, the CBE model is able to describe fast (ms) and slow (days) nonlinear dynamics of MFCs by merging mass and electron balances with equations describing an equivalent electrical circuit.