Advancing African American and hispanic health literacy with a bilingual, personalized, prevention smartphone application.

Many online health information sources are generic and difficult to understand, but consumers want information to be personalized and understandable. Smartphone health applications (apps) offer personalized information to support health goals and reduce preventable chronic conditions. This study aimed to determine how the personalized app (1) engaged English-speaking African American and Spanish-speaking Hispanic adults, and (2) motivated them to set goals and follow preventive recommendations.

Validation and performance of MicroVue sC5b-9 Plus ELISA on the Dynex DS2 platform.

Background: The complement membrane attack complex involves C5b-mediated assembly of C6-C9 polymers to form pores in cell membranes during complement activation. Inactive complexes can become soluble C5b-9 (sC5b-9) when they bind to Protein S. Elevated sC5b-9 levels are associated with increased risk of hematopoietic stem cell transplant-associated thrombotic microangiopathy (TA-TMA), a serious condition which can be improved with eculizumab therapy.

Developing Benchmarking Metrics for Appropriate Ordering of Vitamin D, Thyroid Testing, and Iron Workups.

Background: Laboratory stewardship programs are increasingly adopted to enhance test utilization and improve patient care. Despite their potential, implementation within complex healthcare systems remains challenging. Benchmarking metrics helps institutions compare their performance against peers or best practices.

Discovery of VU6024578/BI02982816: An mGlu Positive Allosteric Modulator with Efficacy in Preclinical Antipsychotic and Cognition Models.

Herein, we report progress toward a metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGlu) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) clinical candidate and the discovery of VU6024578/BI02982816. From a weak high-throughput screening hit (VU0538160, EC > 10 μM, 71% Glu), optimization efforts improved functional potency over 185-fold to deliver the selective (inactive on mGlu) and CNS penetrant (rat K = 0.99, K = 0.

Discovery of VU0467319: an M Positive Allosteric Modulator Candidate That Advanced into Clinical Trials.

Herein we detail the of VU0467319 (VU319), an M Positive Allosteric Modulator (PAM) clinical candidate that successfully completed a Phase I Single Ascending Dose (SAD) clinical trial. VU319 () is a moderately potent M PAM (M PAM EC = 492 nM ± 2.9 nM, 71.

Community-Engaged Development of Strengths-Based Nutrition Measures: The Indigenous Nourishment Scales.

Mainstream approaches to nutrition typically focus on diet consumption, overlooking multi-dimensional aspects of nutrition that are important to American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities. To address health challenges faced by AI/AN communities, strengths-based measures of nutrition grounded in community worldviews are needed. In collaboration with AI/AN communities in Baltimore and Minneapolis, we developed the Indigenous Nourishment Scales through three phases.

Tele-collaborative outreach to rural patients with chronic pain: pragmatic effectiveness trial protocol for the CORPs study.

Background: Despite the increased availability of evidence-based treatments for chronic pain, many patients in rural areas experience poor access to services. Patients receiving care through the VA may also need to navigate multiple systems of care.

Objective: To examine the effectiveness of a remotely delivered collaborative care intervention for improving pain interference among veterans with high-impact chronic pain living in rural areas.

Promoting Health Equity Through Effective Laboratory Stewardship Strategies.

There is a close relationship between the goals of laboratory stewardship and efforts to improve health equity for vulnerable populations. Laboratory stewardship programs should evaluate their policies and interventions to ensure that they improve access to testing, test selection, and result interpretation and delivery for all populations. Specific solutions to consider are (1) to evaluate the benefits of point-of-care testing when it can decrease barriers to specimen collection, (2) to use standardized naming conventions to help providers select the best test, and (3) to partner with insurance processing departments to help reduce financial barriers for expensive testing.

Unlocking the forest: An ethnographic evaluation of Forest Schools on developmental outcomes for 3-year-olds unaccustomed to woodland spaces.

Background And Purpose: Early years experiences shape a child's physical, cognitive and emotional development. Spending time in greenspaces offers benefits for children's development, but access and use can be limited in urban settings. There is increasing interest in the health and developmental benefits of Forest Schools for primary-aged children, but little is known about the benefits for pre-school children.

Tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A exceeds endomysial antibody in specificity of celiac diagnosis at ≥10 times the upper limit of normal.

Objective: Serologic diagnosis using tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin A (TTG-IgA) and endomysial antibody (EMA) is being integrated into the care of pediatric patients with positive screening for celiac disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of EMA in pediatric patients being considered for serologic diagnosis.

Methods: Patients with TTG-IgA testing performed between May 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023 and with subsequent duodenal biopsy within 6 months were included.

Discovery of VU6007496: Challenges in the Development of an M Positive Allosteric Modulator Backup Candidate.

Herein we report progress toward a backup clinical candidate to the M positive allosteric modulator (PAM) VU319/ACP-319. Scaffold-hopping from the pyrrolo[2,3-]pyridine-based M PAM VU6007477 to isomeric pyrrolo[3,2-]pyridine and thieno[3,2-]pyridine congeners identified several backup contenders. Ultimately, VU6007496, a pyrrolo[3,2-]pyridine, advanced into late stage profiling, only to be plagued with unanticipated, species-specific metabolism and active/toxic metabolites which were identified in our phenotypic seizure liability screen, preventing further development.

Evaluation of a Remote Patient Monitoring Program During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Retrospective Case Study With a Mixed Methods Explanatory Sequential Design.

Background: Community health center (CHC) patients experience a disproportionately high prevalence of chronic conditions and barriers to accessing technologies that might support the management of these conditions. One such technology includes tools used for remote patient monitoring (RPM), the use of which surged during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess how a CHC implemented an RPM program during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Doses for X-ray and electron diffraction: New features in RADDOSE-3D including intensity decay models.

New features in the dose estimation program RADDOSE-3D are summarised. They include the facility to enter a diffraction intensity decay model which modifies the "Diffraction Weighted Dose" output from a "Fluence Weighted Dose" to a "Diffraction-Decay Weighted Dose", a description of RADDOSE-ED for use in electron diffraction experiments, where dose is historically quoted in electrons/Å rather than in gray (Gy), and finally the development of a RADDOSE-3D GUI, enabling easy access to all the options available in the program.

Cognitive behavioral program for the prevention of depression in at-risk adolescents: isolating the effects of dose.

The current study estimated effects of intervention dose (attendance) of a cognitive behavioral prevention (CBP) program on depression-free days (DFDs) in adolescent offspring of parents with a history of depression. As part of secondary analyses of a multisite randomized controlled trial, we analyzed the complete intention-to-treat sample of 316 at-risk adolescents ages 13 to 17 years. Youth were randomly assigned to the CBP program plus usual care (n = 159) or to usual care alone (n = 157).

Kinetics and Durability of Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 in Children.

Background: The kinetics and durability of T-cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 in children are not well characterized. We studied a cohort of children aged 6 months to 20 years with COVID-19 in whom peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera were archived at approximately 1, 6, and 12 months after symptom onset.

Methods: We compared antibody responses (n = 85) and T-cell responses (n = 30) to nucleocapsid (N) and spike (S) glycoprotein over time across 4 age strata: 6 months to 5 years and 5-9, 10-14, and 15-20 years.

Improved Signs and Symptoms of Dry Eye Disease for Restasis Patients Following a Single Tearcare Treatment: Phase 2 of the SAHARA Study.

Purpose: To evaluate dry eye disease (DED) signs and symptoms six months after a single treatment with Localized Heat Therapy (LHT) (TearCare, Sight Sciences) for patients previously treated for six months with cyclosporine (0.05%) ophthalmic emulsion (CsA) BID (Restasis, Allergan).

Setting: Nineteen ophthalmic and optometric practices in 11 US states.

Ab Interno Canaloplasty and Trabeculotomy Outcomes for Mild, Moderate, and Advanced Open-Angle Glaucoma: A ROMEO Analysis.

Purpose: To determine if there was an association between severity of glaucoma and intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication (med) outcomes for patients in the ROMEO (etrospective, bservational, ulticenter valuation of MNI) study.

Setting: Eleven ophthalmology practices in 8 US states.

Design: Post-hoc analysis of all eyes enrolled and treated with ab interno canaloplasty and trabeculotomy in the retrospective, multicenter ROMEO study.

Children's behavioural and emotional wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from the Born in Bradford COVID-19 mixed methods longitudinal study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic led to a multitude of immediate social restrictions for many across the world. In the UK, the lives of children and young people were quickly impacted when COVID-19 restrictions led to school closures for most children and restrictions on social interactions. The Born in Bradford COVID-19 longitudinal research study explored the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of children and their families living in Bradford.

Born in Bradford's Age of Wonder cohort: protocol for adolescent data collection.

Background: Adolescence and transition into adulthood are periods shaping life-long mental health, cardiometabolic risk, and inequalities. However, they are poorly studied and understood. By extending and expanding the Born in Bradford (BiB) cohort study through this period using innovative, co-produced approaches to collect and analyse data, we aim to understand better the interplay of factors that influence health and wellbeing, and inform/evaluate interventions to improve them and reduce inequalities.

Economic Burden of Acute Gastroenteritis among Members of Integrated Healthcare Delivery System, United States, 2014-2016.

We conducted a large surveillance study among members of an integrated healthcare delivery system in Pacific Northwest of the United States to estimate medical costs attributable to medically attended acute gastroenteritis (MAAGE) on the day care was sought and during 30-day follow-up. We used multivariable regression to compare costs of MAAGE and non-MAAGE cases matched on age, gender, and index time. Differences accounted for confounders, including race, ethnicity, and history of chronic underlying conditions.

Impact of trauma exposure and depression comorbidity on response to transdiagnostic behavioral therapy for pediatric anxiety and depression.

By adolescence, two-thirds of youth report exposure to at least one traumatic event, yet the impact of trauma history is not routinely considered when evaluating the effect of psychotherapeutic interventions. Trauma may be a particularly important moderator of the effects of transdiagnostic therapies for emotional disorders, as trauma exposure is associated with risk for the development of comorbid depression and anxiety. The current study examined the history of trauma exposure and the presence of clinically significant depression as moderators of treatment outcomes in the Brief Behavioral Therapy (BBT) trial, the largest study of transdiagnostic psychotherapy for youth.

Study protocol for a systems evaluation of an infant mental health service: Integration of 'Little Minds Matter' into the early years system.

Infant Mental Health relates to how well a child develops socially and emotionally from birth to age three. There is a well-established link between parent-infant relationship quality, Infant Mental Health, and longer-term social and emotional development there is a lack of evidence-based interventions that support the parent-infant relationship and/or protect against poor Infant Mental Health. Little Minds Matter is a specialist Infant Mental Health service developed in Bradford (UK) to support parent-infant relationships by providing training and consultation for professionals and direct clinical work to families.