Developing a Public Health Course to Train Undergraduate Student Health Messengers to Address Vaccine Hesitancy in an American Indian Community.

The purpose of the Diné Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) project was to develop strategies for health communication that addressed COVID-19 vaccine safety for residents of the Navajo Nation. The RAVE project developed a 16-week course using the Diné Educational Philosophy as a framework to train Diné College (DC) public health undergraduate students ( = 16) as health messengers to share COVID-19 vaccine safety information with unvaccinated peers and relatives. An online community survey ( = 50) was used to assess DC community vaccination perceptions to guide course development.

An Assessment of Back and Shoulder Postures in Single-Handed Exertions: Expanding Ergonomic Reaching Guidelines to Consider Lumbar Spine Axial Twist.

Occupational applicationsAcross a series of standing single-handed exertions performed at different lateral angles, distances, heights, and loads, lumbar axial twist exceeded an angular threshold of 9° in select exertions. Specifically, 9° of rightward axial twist was exceeded for all exertions performed laterally (90° from the body midline). Additionally, for those at the body midline, 9° of leftward axial twist was exceeded for upward exertions and exertions performed at far distances (tertiary reach envelope).

Elucidating ultranarrow F to F absorption in ytterbium(iii) complexes.

Achieving ultranarrow absorption linewidths in the condensed phase enables optical state preparation of specific non-thermal states, a prerequisite for quantum-enabled technologies. The 4f orbitals of lanthanide(iii) complexes are often referred to as "atom-like," reflecting their isolated nature, and are promising substrates for the optical preparation of specific quantum states. To better understand the photophysical properties of 4f states and assess their potential for quantum applications, theoretical building blocks are required for rapid screening.

Toward liquid cell quantum sensing: Ytterbium complexes with ultranarrow absorption.

The energetic disorder induced by fluctuating liquid environments acts in opposition to the precise control required for coherence-based sensing. Overcoming fluctuations requires a protected quantum subspace that only weakly interacts with the local environment. We report a ytterbium complex that exhibited an ultranarrow absorption linewidth in solution at room temperature with a full width at half maximum of 0.

Dual Optical Cycling Centers Mounted on an Organic Scaffold: New Insights from Quantum Chemistry Calculations and Symmetry Analysis.

Molecules cooled to ultracold temperatures are desirable for applications in fundamental physics and quantum information science. However, cooling polyatomic molecules with more than six atoms has not yet been achieved. Building on the idea of an optical cycling center (OCC), a moiety supporting a set of localized and isolated electronic states within a polyatomic molecule, molecules with two OCCs (bi-OCCs) may afford better cooling efficiency by doubling the photon scattering rate.

Chemical bonding dictates drastic critical temperature difference in two seemingly identical superconductors.

Though YB and LaB share the same crystal structure, atomic valence electron configuration, and phonon modes, they exhibit drastically different phonon-mediated superconductivity. YB superconducts below 8.4 K, giving it the second-highest critical temperature of known borides, second only to MgB.

Evaluation of a machine-learning-driven active-passive upper-limb exoskeleton robot: Experimental human-in-the-loop study.

Evaluating exoskeleton actuation methods and designing an effective controller for these exoskeletons are both challenging and time-consuming tasks. This is largely due to the complicated human-robot interactions, the selection of sensors and actuators, electrical/command connection issues, and communication delays. In this research, a test framework for evaluating a new active-passive shoulder exoskeleton was developed, and a surface electromyography (sEMG)-based human-robot cooperative control method was created to execute the wearer's movement intentions.

Hybrid Soft-Rigid Active Prosthetics Laboratory Exercise for Hands-On Biomechanical and Biomedical Engineering Education.

This paper introduces a hands-on laboratory exercise focused on assembling and testing a hybrid soft-rigid active finger prosthetic for biomechanical and biomedical engineering (BME) education. This hands-on laboratory activity focuses on the design of a myoelectric finger prosthesis, integrating mechanical, electrical, sensor (i.e.

Experimental Study of Fully Passive, Fully Active, and Active-Passive Upper-Limb Exoskeleton Efficiency: An Assessment of Lifting Tasks.

Recently, robotic exoskeletons are gaining attention for assisting industrial workers. The exoskeleton power source ranges from fully passive (FP) to fully active (FA), or a mixture of both. The objective of this experimental study was to assess the efficiency of a new active-passive (AP) shoulder exoskeleton using statistical analyses of 11 quantitative measures from surface electromyography (sEMG) and kinematic data and a user survey for weight lifting tasks.

Extending the Large Molecule Limit: The Role of Fermi Resonance in Developing a Quantum Functional Group.

Polyatomic molecules equipped with optical cycling centers (OCCs), enabling continuous photon scattering during optical excitation, are exciting candidates for advancing quantum information science. However, as these molecules grow in size and complexity, the interplay of complex vibronic couplings on optical cycling becomes a critical but relatively unexplored consideration. Here, we present an extensive exploration of Fermi resonances in large-scale OCC-containing molecules using high-resolution dispersed laser-induced fluorescence and excitation spectroscopy.

Undertaking multi-centre randomised controlled trials in primary care: learnings and recommendations from the PULsE-AI trial researchers.

Background: Conducting effective and translational research can be challenging and few trials undertake formal reflection exercises and disseminate learnings from them. Following completion of our multicentre randomised controlled trial, which was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, we sought to reflect on our experiences and share our thoughts on challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations for researchers undertaking or considering research in primary care.

Methods: Researchers involved in the Prediction of Undiagnosed atriaL fibrillation using a machinE learning AlgorIthm (PULsE-AI) trial, conducted in England from June 2019 to February 2021 were invited to participate in a qualitative reflection exercise.

Detecting transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) using machine learning: an evaluation of the performance of an algorithm in a UK setting.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential real-world application of a machine learning (ML) algorithm, developed and trained on heart failure (HF) cohorts in the USA, to detect patients with undiagnosed wild type cardiac amyloidosis (ATTRwt) in the UK.

Design: In this retrospective observational study, anonymised, linked primary and secondary care data (Clinical Practice Research Datalink GOLD and Hospital Episode Statistics, respectively, were used to identify patients diagnosed with HF between 2009 and 2018 in the UK. International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 clinical modification codes were matched to equivalent Read (primary care) and ICD-10 WHO (secondary care) diagnosis codes used in the UK.

Measures of sleep disturbance are not routinely captured in trials for chronic low back pain: a systematic scoping review of 282 trials.

Study Objectives: To investigate the extent to which sleep measures are reported in intervention trials for chronic low back pain.

Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted. Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and CINAHL were queried for trials published between January 2010 and December 2022 using keywords related to chronic low back pain.

Examining the Effect of Time-From-Treatment on Activities of Daily Living Kinematics in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Breast cancer affects one in 8 females with a 5-year survival rate of 89%. Up to 72% of breast cancer survivors have trouble with activities of daily living (ADL) following treatment. Increased time-from-treatment improves some measures of function, yet ADL limitations persist.

A comparative probabilistic analysis of human and chimpanzee rotator cuff functional capacity.

Computational musculoskeletal modeling represents a valuable approach to examining biological systems in physical anthropology. Probabilistic modeling builds on computational musculoskeletal models by associating mathematical distributions of specific musculoskeletal features within known ranges of biological variability with functional outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine if overlap in rotator cuff muscle force predictions would occur between species during the performance of an evolutionarily relevant horizontal bimanual arm suspension task.

Variation of muscle recruitment during exercises performed below horizontal arm elevation that target the lower trapezius: A repeated measures cross-sectional study on asymptomatic individuals.

The gold standard exercise for recruitment of the lower trapezius is the Y prone exercise which is performed above 90° of shoulder elevation. However, clinicians often prescribe exercises that avoid high elevation postures during early stages of rehabilitation. Comparatively little data exists on relative muscle recruitment during lower arm elevation exercises.

Identification of undiagnosed atrial fibrillation using a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm and diagnostic testing (PULsE-AI) in primary care: a multi-centre randomized controlled trial in England.

Aims: The aim of the PULsE-AI trial was to assess the effectiveness of a machine learning risk-prediction algorithm in conjunction with diagnostic testing for identifying undiagnosed atrial fibrillation (AF) in primary care in England.

Methods And Results: Eligible participants (aged ≥30 years without AF diagnosis;  = 23 745) from six general practices in England were randomized into intervention and control arms. Intervention arm participants, identified by the algorithm as high risk of undiagnosed AF ( = 944), were invited for diagnostic testing ( = 256 consented); those who did not accept the invitation, and all control arm participants, were managed routinely.

Diné teachings and public health students informing peers and relatives about vaccine education: Providing Diné (Navajo)-centered COVID-19 education materials using student health messengers.

Introduction/background: On 9 April 2021, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported that only 19. 9% of United States (US) adults were fully vaccinated against COVID-19. In that same week, the Navajo Nation (NN) reported that 37.

Fully Saturated Hydrocarbons as Hosts of Optical Cycling Centers.

Designing closed, laser-induced optical cycling transitions in trapped atoms or molecules is useful for quantum information processing, precision measurement, and quantum sensing. Larger molecules that feature such closed transitions are particularly desirable, as the increased degrees of freedom present new structures for optical control and enhanced measurements. The search for molecules with robust optical cycling centers is a challenge which requires design principles beyond trial-and-error.

Laser Spectroscopy of Aromatic Molecules with Optical Cycling Centers: Strontium(I) Phenoxides.

We report the production and spectroscopic characterization of strontium(I) phenoxide (SrOCH or SrOPh) and variants featuring electron-withdrawing groups designed to suppress vibrational excitation during spontaneous emission from the electronically excited state. Optical cycling closure of these species, which is the decoupling of the vibrational state changes from spontaneous optical decay, is found by dispersed laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy to be high, in accordance with theoretical predictions. A high-resolution, rotationally resolved laser excitation spectrum is recorded for SrOPh, allowing the estimation of spectroscopic constants and identification of candidate optical cycling transitions for future work.

Pathway toward Optical Cycling and Laser Cooling of Functionalized Arenes.

Rapid and repeated photon cycling has enabled precision metrology and the development of quantum information systems using atoms and simple molecules. Extending optical cycling to structurally complex molecules would provide new capabilities in these areas, as well as in ultracold chemistry. Increased molecular complexity, however, makes realizing closed optical transitions more difficult.

Functionalizing aromatic compounds with optical cycling centres.

Molecular design principles provide guidelines for augmenting a molecule with a smaller group of atoms to realize a desired property or function. We demonstrate that these concepts can be used to create an optical cycling centre, the Ca(I)-O unit, that can be attached to a number of aromatic ligands, enabling the scattering of many photons from the resulting molecules without changing the molecular vibrational state. Such capability plays a central role in quantum state preparation and measurement, as well as laser cooling and trapping, and is therefore a prerequisite for many quantum science and technology applications.