Just my luck: How children's causal attributions contribute to injury prevention.

Purpose: Traumatic injury in children, particularly adolescents, is both frequently and costly. In this study, we directly examined children's causal attributions for the recent traumas and asked them to propose prevention strategies of their own. We predict that children who attribute their injuries to their own actions, rather than an external force such as luck, will be more likely to develop strategies to avoid trauma in the future.

A systematic review of capacity assessment tools in pediatric surgery: Global Assessment in Pediatric Surgery (GAPS) Phase I.

Background: The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery highlighted global surgical need but offered little insight into the specific surgical challenges of children in low-resource settings. Efforts to strengthen the quality of global pediatric surgical care have resulted in a proliferation of partnerships between low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) and high-income countries (HICs). Standardized tools able to reliably measure gaps in delivery and quality of care are important aids for these partnerships.

Pediatric thyroidectomy: Favorable outcomes can be achieved by a multidisciplinary team of pediatric providers.

Aim Of The Study: Recent publications suggest pediatric surgeons may not be well suited to perform thyroid surgeries unless considered high volume. We sought to assess the outcome of thyroidectomies performed by pediatric surgeons in an academic setting.

Methods: We reviewed charts of patients younger than 18 years who underwent thyroid surgeries at a free standing children's hospital between April 2006 and October 2015.

Interventions in the operating room for children near end of life: A multidisciplinary approach.

Introduction: Pediatric surgeons are often involved in the management of severely or terminally ill patients. However, articles addressing their specific roles in the context of palliative care are almost inexistent. We sought to characterize the involvement of pediatric surgeons caring for children near end of life.

Cheerleading injuries in children: What can be learned?

Introduction: Cheerleading has gradually become more popular in Canada and represents an accessible way for youth to be physically active.

Objective: To determine the differences in the injuries encountered by cheerleaders according to their age, in order to propose safety guidelines that take into account the developmental stages of children.

Method: Retrospective database review of cheerleading injuries extracted from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP) database between 1990 and 2010.

Prophylactic thyroidectomies in MEN2 syndrome: Management and outcomes.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the outcomes of prophylactic thyroidectomies performed in an academic setting in the context of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) syndrome.

Methods: A chart review of patients <18years old who underwent prophylactic thyroidectomy for a MEN2 syndrome at a children's hospital between 2006 and 2015 was performed.

Main Results: The study included 21 patients (57% female) with a mean age of 6.

Congenital paraesophageal hernia: The Montreal experience.

Introduction: Congenital paraesophageal hernia (CPEH) is the least common congenital diaphragmatic hernia. We performed an extensive review to further define this entity.

Methods: A retrospective study of children with CPEH (types II-IV hiatal hernias) treated at two children's hospitals over a 25-year period (1988-2013) was performed.

Legislation in Québec for all-terrain vehicles: are we doing enough?

Objectives: All-terrain vehicle (ATV) legislation in Québec is among the most restrictive in Canada. The purpose of our study was to characterize the pediatric ATV traumas in our center and determine the impact of legislation.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients seen in the emergency department after an ATV injury was done from 2005 to 2011.

Inappropriate use of infant seating devices increases risks of injury.

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to investigate the epidemiology and resulting injuries following falls sustained by infants seated in a variety of seating devices.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of a cohort of infants less than 12 months old who presented to our institution from 1991 to 2010 after a fall from various seating devices was performed.

Results: Two hundred five infants were identified, including 146 patients who were admitted to our institution (1991-2010) and 59 patients who were seen and discharged from the ED (2008-2010).

Trauma association of Canada Pediatric Subcommittee National Pediatric Cervical Spine Evaluation Pathway: consensus guidelines.

Background: The Institute of Medicine calls for the use of clinical guidelines and practice parameters to promote "best practices" and improve patient outcomes. In 2006, The Trauma Association of Canada Pediatric Committee set out to create an evidence-based, national pediatric cervical spine (c-spine) clearance guideline based on the literature, existing algorithms from each pediatric trauma center and from expert opinion from across Canada.

Methods: A review of the literature took place in September 2006 using the PubMed database.

Predictive indicators for bowel injury in pediatric patients who present with a positive seat belt sign after motor vehicle collision.

Purpose: Abdominal wall bruising (AWB) is a frequent finding in children wearing seat belts involved in motor vehicle collision (MVC) and is highly suspicious but not indicative of intestinal injury. The aim of this study was to find objective clinical and radiologic predictors for the need of an abdominal exploration in these children.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective chart review of children admitted from 1998 and 2008 with AWB after MVC was conducted.

Type A esophageal atresia: a critical review of management strategies at a single center.

Purpose: The purpose of was to study the short- and long-term outcomes in the management of isolated esophageal atresia with different operative strategies.

Methods: All patients undergoing type A atresia repair over a 15-year period were included. Demographic data, birth weight, gestational age, incidence of associated anomalies, management, and long-term outcomes were studied.

Topical mitomycin-C for the treatment of anal stricture.

Background: Anal stricture is a well-known and feared consequence of anorectal surgery. Daily dilatations are often prescribed in the immediate postoperative period to avoid stricture of the anus. Nonetheless, stricture may still occur and, particularly in older children, may require multiple dilatations under anesthesia.

Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like elements of the thyroid: a multi-institutional case series and review of the literature.

Background/purpose: Spindle epithelial tumor with thymus-like elements (SETTLE) is a rare tumor of the thyroid observed in children and adolescents. We present a case series of 3 patients with SETTLE, focusing on the clinical and pathologic features of this rare tumor.

Methods: Three male patients presented at ages 4.

Prophylactic thyroidectomy in pediatric carriers of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A or familial medullary thyroid carcinoma: mutation in C620 is associated with Hirschsprung's disease.

Purpose: Prophylactic total thyroidectomy is now recommended after having confirmed RET mutations in children of parents with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 or familial medullary thyroid carcinoma. We reviewed our experience to determine the incidence of medullary thyroid carcinoma with respect to age at surgery, the location of the mutation, and its association with Hirschsprung's disease (HD).

Methods: A retrospective review from 1996 to 2005 revealed 20 children with genetic screening for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A or familial medullary thyroid carcinoma who underwent a prophylactic total thyroidectomy with parathyroid gland preservation.

The role of laparotomy for intestinal perforation in very low birth weight infants.

Background/purpose: The management of intestinal perforation in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (less than 1500 g) is controversial. Current practice favors peritoneal drainage (PD) with or without a delayed laparotomy over primary laparotomy (PL). We compared the outcomes of PD +/- delayed laparotomy vs PL in VLBW infants using the Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology with Perinatal Extension (SNAPPE-II) as a validated predictor of mortality.

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum: are we overinvestigating?

Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is uncommon in pediatrics. Because of the growing concern about the risks of radiation in children, the authors analyzed whether an extensive radiologic workup influences management and outcome.

Methods: In a retrospective study from 1991 to 2003, 53 patients were diagnosed with SPM.

Unilobar congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis mimicking congenital lobar emphysema: an underestimated presentation?

Background: Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is characterized by unilobar alveolar distension secondary to bronchomalacia or absent cartilage. In contrast, congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasis (CPL) is defined as distended lymphatics in the bronchovascular bundle, in the interlobular septa, and in the subpleural space. Little information is available regarding the radiologic presentation of CLE as it correlates with histological diagnosis.

Blunt renal trauma-blessing in disguise?

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify pathologic lesions of the kidney found incidentally during the workup of a blunt renal trauma.

Methods: A retrospective review of the medical records of 103 patients ages 0 to 18 years with blunt renal injuries admitted to a level 1 pediatric trauma center between January 1, 1991 and December 31, 1999 was performed. All patients underwent ultrasonography and Doppler of their renal vessels.