Optimal Synergy between Azulenes and Acenes in Azuacenes with 6-7-5 Ring Topology.

Azuacenes, defined as azulene fused with acenes in a 6-7-5 ring topology and spanning lengths from 3 to 6 rings, have been synthesized using a new skeleton editing and [3 + 2] annulation synthesis protocol as a distinction regarding the procedures to obtain the 6-5-7 isomers. Comprehensive studies on ground-state and excited-state spectroscopy, electrochemical properties, chemical stability, and solid-state structure have been conducted to compare these azuacenes with acenes. For the same number of rings, we found that azuacenes improve the chemical stability of acenes (i.

Diverse Methods with Stereoselective Induction in the Asymmetric Biginelli Reaction.

The relevance of the asymmetric Biginelli reaction (ABR) has been increased in this century, due to the pharmacological application of its products. This review focuses predominantly on articles published in the period from 2015 to 2024 on asymmetric synthetic advances in the formation of dihydropyrimidinones (DHPMs), dihydropyrimidinethiones (DHPMTs), and related compounds. The relevant bibliography on general processes in the Biginelli reaction and some methods of separation of isomers have also been referenced.

COVID-19 and Access to Medical Professional Careers: Does Gender Matter?

Objective: To know to what extent home confinement resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the results of the Medical Intern Resident Program (MIR) exam and whether or not a gender gap has occurred as a consequence.

Method: Econometric modeling of the final result obtained in the MIR exam and identification of the explanatory factors that determine it and its relevance, effect and meaning.

Results: From the results obtained in the MIR test of the 2019, 2020 and 2021 calls, it can be seen that examinations and academic records together with demographic and calendar factors are determinants to explain the observed behavior of the final result.

Parasitological and molecular search for Leishmania natural infection in phlebotomine sand flies in peri-urban and rural sites of an Argentinean area endemic for tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Leishmaniases are neglected tropical diseases caused by Leishmania spp. parasites transmitted by the bite of phlebotomine sand flies. In Argentina, the most endemic area of American tegumentary leishmaniasis (ATL) has been Orán department, Province of Salta, where Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis prevails and Nyssomyia neivai is considered as its vector, although there is no accurate and sufficient information in this regard.

Disasters, Gender, and HIV Infection: The Impact of the 2010 Haiti Earthquake.

Unlabelled: Although disasters threaten all people who experience them, they do not affect all members of society in the same way. Its effects are not solely restricted to the economic sphere; they also affect the physical and mental health of those who suffer from them, having a particular impact on women and limiting their life chances. The aim of this study was to examine the impact the 2010 Haiti earthquake had on the seropositivity of female survivors.

Sand fly typing: a simple and morphologically-supported method based on polymorphism of 18S rRNA gene in a Leishmaniasis endemic area of Argentina.

Leishmaniases are vector-borne diseases that in the Americas are distributed from southern United States to northern Argentina. The vectors for this disease are small dipterans known as sand flies that are usually identified morphologically by observing structures with taxonomic value; but it is time-consuming, laborious, and requires entomological expertise. Then, this work was aimed at identifying sand flies with molecular techniques, using the morphological identification as a reference technique, in an endemic area of American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) located in northern Argentina.

Brain Circuit Alterations and Cognitive Disability in Late-Onset Cobalamin D Disorder.

Neuroimaging studies describing brain circuits' alterations in cobalamin (vitamin B12)-deficient patients are limited and have not been carried out in patients with inborn errors of cobalamin metabolism. The objective of this study was to assess brain functionality and brain circuit alterations in a patient with an ultra-rare inborn error of cobalamin metabolism, methylmalonic aciduria, and homocystinuria due to cobalamin D disease, as compared with his twin sister as a healthy control (HC). We acquired magnetic resonance imaging (including structural, functional, and diffusion images) to calculate brain circuit abnormalities and combined these results with the scores after a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation.

[Over-diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Primary Care. Prevalence and determining factors].

Introduction: COPD under-diagnosis is common in Primary Health Care medicine, due to the low use of spirometry, but there is less information about over-diagnosis of the disease in patients that have a clinical diagnosis of COPD.

Objective: The main objective of the study was to investigate the prevalence of COPD over-diagnosis in Primary Care medicine. Secondary objectives were to determine the factors associated with an incorrect clinical diagnosis of COPD and to analyse whether the pharmacological treatment is different for patients with correct or incorrect diagnosis.

Contextual determinants of induced abortion: a panel analysis.

Objective: Analyze the contextual and individual characteristics that explain the differences in the induced abortion rate, temporally and territorially.

Methods: We conducted an econometric analysis with panel data of the influence of public investment in health and per capita income on induced abortion as well as a measurement of the effect of social and economic factors related to the labor market and reproduction: female employment, immigration, adolescent fertility and marriage rate. The empirical exercise was conducted with a sample of 22 countries in Europe for the 2001-2009 period.

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia after Bariatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Management Experience from a Spanish Multicenter Registry.

Background: Severe postprandial hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery is a rare but invalidating complication. Our aim was to describe the different tests performed for its diagnosis and their outcomes as well as the response to the prescribed pharmacological and surgical treatments.

Methods: Multicenter, retrospective systematic review of cases with recurrent severe postprandial hypoglycemia.

Assessment of rhabdoid brain tumor by F-18 FDG PET, C-11 methionine PET and MRI.

A 28-year-old man with headache, nausea, and decreased vision had a left parieto-occipital tumor demonstrated by MRI. Postradical resection and histology showed a solid mass containing rhabdoid cells, 10% positive for Ki-67. After completing chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatment, follow-up MRI revealed possible tumoral recurrence.

Soy isoflavones, Mediterranean diet, and physical exercise in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a standard dose of 40 mg of soy isoflavones prescribed in routine clinical practice for treatment of menopausal symptoms has some influence on glucose homeostasis in postmenopausal women with insulin resistance (IR).

Methods: A total of 116 postmenopausal women with IR were randomly assigned to a group of Mediterranean diet and physical exercise (control group) or a group of Mediterranean diet, physical exercise, and daily oral ingestion of 40 mg of soy isoflavones (soy isoflavones group). Anthropometric measures, Kupperman Index values, Cervantes Scale score, and blood samples for glucose, insulin, lipid profile, creatinine, uric acid, homocysteine, folic acid, vitamin B12, selenium, and estradiol were determined at baseline and at intervals of 6, 12, 18, and 24 months.

[Crigler-Najjar syndrome: diagnosis and treatment].

Introduction: Crigler-Najjar syndrome (CNS) is a very rare disease characterized by severe indirect hyperbilirubinemia from birth with normal liver function. It may cause kernicterus at any age. This disease is due to a total or partial deficiency of the UDP-glucuronosyltransferase enzyme caused by a mutation of the five exons of the ULT1A1 gene.

[A clinical analysis of internal or external diversion in biliary atresia].

Cholangitis has been the most common postoperative complication of Kasai's operation for biliary atresia. A host of ingenious surgical procedures have been used to prevent this complication, some including exteriorization of the bilioenteric conduit. The purpose of this report was to investigate the role of the derivation on the incidence of cholangitis, liver function and the survival of patients with biliary atresia treated with Kasai's operation.