Artificial intelligence model for tumoral clinical decision support systems.

Background And Objective: Comparative diagnostic in brain tumor evaluation makes possible to use the available information of a medical center to compare similar cases when a new patient is evaluated. By leveraging Artificial Intelligence models, the proposed system is able of retrieving the most similar cases of brain tumors for a given query. The primary objective is to enhance the diagnostic process by generating more accurate representations of medical images, with a particular focus on patient-specific normal features and pathologies.

Comparison of the Analgesic Efficacy between Levobupivacaine 0.25% and Ropivacaine 0.375% for PENG (Pericapsular Nerve Group) Block in the Context of Hip Fracture Surgery of Elderly Patients: A Single-Center, Randomized, and Controlled Clinical Trial.

Previous studies have compared levobupivacaine versus ropivacaine in various peripheral nerve blocks in terms of block duration, quality of analgesia, and onset time, but this has not occurred in the PENG block. Here, a single-center, randomized, and controlled clinical trial is presented. One hundred and twenty patients older than 65 years suffering from hip fractures and surgically treated at our institution under spinal anesthesia were eligible for participation; of them, one hundred and eight were analyzed.

Influence of comorbidities not associated with fibromyalgia on neuropathic pain in patients with psoriatic arthritis: relationship with clinical parameters.

Objective: Neuropathic pain (NP) may influence disease activity assessment in patients with psoriatic arthritis, this relationship being traditionally based on the presence of concomitant fibromyalgia. We analyzed the influence of other comorbidities on NP and the relationship between pain and various clinical parameters.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis, excluding patients with a previous diagnosis of fibromyalgia, depression, anxiety, diabetes and/or dyslipidemia under treatment.

Drilling of Cross-Ply UHMWPE Laminates: A Study on the Effects of the Tool Geometry and Cutting Parameters on the Integrity of Components.

Ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is used in the defence industry mainly owing to its properties, such as excellent dimensional stability, excellent ballistic performance, and light weight. Although UHMWPE laminates are generally studied under impact loads, it is crucial to understand better the optimal machining conditions for assembling auxiliary structures in combat helmets or armour. This work analyses the machinability of UHMWPE laminates by drilling.

Neuromorphic learning, working memory, and metaplasticity in nanowire networks.

Nanowire networks (NWNs) mimic the brain's neurosynaptic connectivity and emergent dynamics. Consequently, NWNs may also emulate the synaptic processes that enable higher-order cognitive functions such as learning and memory. A quintessential cognitive task used to measure human working memory is the -back task.

Avalanches and edge-of-chaos learning in neuromorphic nanowire networks.

The brain's efficient information processing is enabled by the interplay between its neuro-synaptic elements and complex network structure. This work reports on the neuromorphic dynamics of nanowire networks (NWNs), a unique brain-inspired system with synapse-like memristive junctions embedded within a recurrent neural network-like structure. Simulation and experiment elucidate how collective memristive switching gives rise to long-range transport pathways, drastically altering the network's global state via a discontinuous phase transition.

Information dynamics in neuromorphic nanowire networks.

Neuromorphic systems comprised of self-assembled nanowires exhibit a range of neural-like dynamics arising from the interplay of their synapse-like electrical junctions and their complex network topology. Additionally, various information processing tasks have been demonstrated with neuromorphic nanowire networks. Here, we investigate the dynamics of how these unique systems process information through information-theoretic metrics.

30-day mortality after hip fracture surgery: Influence of postoperative factors.

Purpose: The 30-day mortality rate after hip fracture surgery has been considered as an indirect indicator of the quality of care. The aim of this work is to analyse preoperative and postoperative factors potentially related to early 30-day mortality in patients over 65 undergoing hip fracture surgery.

Methods: Prospective cohort study including all consecutive primary hip fracture patients over 65 admitted to Trauma and Orthopaedics department from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019.

Inferring the Driver's Lane Change Intention through LiDAR-Based Environment Analysis Using Convolutional Neural Networks.

Most of the tactic manoeuvres during driving require a certain understanding of the surrounding environment from which to devise our future behaviour. In this paper, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) approach is used to model the lane change behaviour to identify when a driver is going to perform this manoeuvre. To that end, a slightly modified CNN architecture adapted to both spatial (i.

Machinability of INCONEL718 Alloy with a Porous Microstructure Produced by Laser Melting Powder Bed Fusion at Higher Energy Densities.

Products produced by additive manufacturing (AM) seek to exploit net shape manufacturing by eliminating or minimizing post-process stages such as machining. However, many applications which include turbo machinery components with tight dimensional tolerances and a smooth surface finish will require at least a light machine finishing stage. This paper investigates the machinability of the additively fabricated INCONEL718 (IN718) alloy produced by laser melting powder bed fusion (LM-PBF) with different levels of spherical porosity in the microstructure.

Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in a Neuromorphic Nanowire Network.

A neuromorphic network composed of silver nanowires coated with TiO is found to show certain parallels with neural networks in nature such as biological brains. Owing to the memristive properties emerging at nanowire-to-nanowire contacts, where the Ag/TiO/Ag interface exists, the network can store information in the form of connectivity between nanowires in the network as electrically measured as an increase in conductance. The observed memory arises from an interplay between the topological constraints imposed by a complex network structure and the plasticity of its constituting memristive Ag/TiO/Ag junctions.

Postmortem Analysis Using Different Sensors and Technologies on Aramid Composites Samples after Ballistic Impact.

This work focuses on the combination of two complementary non-destructive techniques to analyse the final deformation and internal damage induced in aramid composite plates subjected to ballistic impact. The first analysis device, a 3D scanner, allows digitalising the surface of the tested specimen. Comparing with the initial geometry, the permanent residual deformation (PBFD) can be obtained according to the impact characteristics.

The impact of antithrombotic therapy on surgical delay and 2-year mortality in older patients with hip fracture: a prospective observational study.

Purpose: To analyze the associations of oral anticoagulant and antiplatelet treatments in older patients requiring surgical treatment for hip fracture with mortality, length of stay, waiting time to surgery and postsurgical immediate complications.

Methods: A prospective observational study, including surgically treated hip fracture patients aged 65 years and older. We analyzed admission status variables, and time to surgery, length of stay and immediate surgical and medical complications.

Topological Properties of Neuromorphic Nanowire Networks.

Graph theory has been extensively applied to the topological mapping of complex networks, ranging from social networks to biological systems. Graph theory has increasingly been applied to neuroscience as a method to explore the fundamental structural and functional properties of human neural networks. Here, we apply graph theory to a model of a novel neuromorphic system constructed from self-assembled nanowires, whose structure and function may mimic that of human neural networks.

Endothelial dysfunction is an early indicator of sepsis and neutrophil degranulation of septic shock in surgical patients.

Background: Stratification of the severity of infection is currently based on the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, which is difficult to calculate outside the ICU. Biomarkers could help to stratify the severity of infection in surgical patients.

Methods: Levels of ten biomarkers indicating endothelial dysfunction, 22 indicating emergency granulopoiesis, and six denoting neutrophil degranulation were compared in three groups of patients in the first 12 h after diagnosis at three Spanish hospitals.

Emergent dynamics of neuromorphic nanowire networks.

Neuromorphic networks are formed by random self-assembly of silver nanowires. Silver nanowires are coated with a polymer layer after synthesis in which junctions between two nanowires act as resistive switches, often compared with neurosynapses. We analyze the role of single junction switching in the dynamical properties of the neuromorphic network.

Analysis of the Machinability of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials in Function of Tool Wear and Cutting Parameters Using the Artificial Neural Network Approach.

Local delamination is the most undesirable damage associated with drilling carbon fiber reinforced composite materials (CFRPs). This defect reduces the structural integrity of the material, which affects the residual strength of the assembled components. A positive correlation between delamination extension and thrust force during the drilling process is reported in literature.

Spinal anesthesia compared with general anesthesia for neonates with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. A retrospective study.

Background: Studies of spinal anesthesia in children are limited to a reduced group of high-risk patients and it remains relatively underused compared with general anesthesia in this age group in most institutions. In our experience, spinal anesthesia appears to be a good alternative to general anesthesia during pyloromyotomy in neonates and infants.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to retrospectively evaluate respiratory morbidity of spinal anesthesia compared to general anesthesia in infants undergoing pyloromyotomy.

Importance of point defect reactions for the atomic-scale roughness of III-V nanowire sidewalls.

The surface morphology of III-V semiconductor nanowires (NWs) protected by an arsenic cap and subsequently evaporated in ultrahigh vacuum is investigated with scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning transmission electron microscopy. We show that the changes of the surface morphology as a function of the NW composition and the nature of the seed particles are intimately related to the formation and reaction of surface point defects. Langmuir evaporation close to the congruent evaporation temperature causes the formation of vacancies which nucleate and form vacancy islands on {110} sidewalls of self-catalyzed InAs NWs.

Correction: Transport mechanisms in a puckered graphene-on-lattice.

Correction for 'Transport mechanisms in a puckered graphene-on-lattice' by T. Xu et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 7519-7525.

Connection of the SUMO Microscopic Traffic Simulator and the Unity 3D Game Engine to Evaluate V2X Communication-Based Systems.

In-vehicle applications that are based on Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication technologies need to be evaluated under lab-controlled conditions before performing field tests. The need for a tailored platform to perform specific research on the cooperative Advanced Driving Assistance System (ADAS) to assess the effect on driver behavior and driving performance motivated the development of a driver-centric traffic simulator that is built over a 3D graphics engine. The engine creates a driving situation as it communicates with a traffic simulator as a means to simulate real-life traffic scenarios.

Transport mechanisms in a puckered graphene-on-lattice.

Understanding the fundamental properties of graphene when its topography is patterned by the use of a compliant substrate is essential to improve the performances of graphene sensors. Here we suspend a graphene monolayer on SiO2 nanopillar arrays to form a puckered graphene-on-lattice and investigate the strain and electrical transport at the nanoscale. Despite a nonuniform strain in the graphene-on-lattice, the resistivity is governed by thermally activated transport and not the strain.

Shallow Heavily Doped n++ Germanium by Organo-Antimony Monolayer Doping.

Functionalization of Ge surfaces with the aim of incorporating specific dopant atoms to form high-quality junctions is of particular importance for the development of solid-state devices. In this study, we report the shallow doping of Ge wafers with a monolayer doping strategy that is based on the controlled grafting of Sb precursors and the subsequent diffusion of Sb into the wafer upon annealing. We also highlight the key role of citric acid in passivating the surface before its reaction with the Sb precursors and the benefit of a protective SiO overlayer that enables an efficient incorporation of Sb dopants with a concentration higher than 10 cm.

Association of IL1Β (-511 A/C) and IL6 (-174 G > C) polymorphisms with higher disease activity and clinical pattern of psoriatic arthritis.

The objective of this study is to analyze whether IL1β (-511G > A) and IL6 (-174 G > C) polymorphisms are associated with inflammatory activity, radiographic damage or clinical pattern of psoriatic arthritis (PsA). One hundred twenty-five patients classified as PsA according to the Classification of Psoriatic Arthritis (CASPAR) criteria were included. Patients were stratified according to their clinical pattern at inclusion as peripheral, axial, or mixed involvement.