Airway management in pediatric patients undergoing microvascular free tissue transfer reconstruction after mandibulectomy.

Objectives: Microvascular free tissue transfer (MVFTT) for head and neck reconstruction is infrequently performed in pediatric patients. There is a paucity of data on perioperative airway management in pediatric MVFTT, such as the need for tracheostomy, which can pose higher morbidity to young patients due to potential long-term effects on the softer, more pliable laryngotracheal cartilage. Our objective was to report airway outcomes on pediatric patients undergoing MVFTT after segmental mandibulectomy with or without tracheostomy.

Elective nodal dissection for cN0 intermediate-grade parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma: A NCDB study.

Purpose: To determine the occult nodal disease rate and whether elective regional lymph node dissection (RLND) confers any 10-year overall survival (OS) in cN0 intermediate-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the parotid gland.

Materials & Methods: The National Cancer Database was reviewed from 2004 to 2016 on adults with cT1-4aN0M0 intermediate-grade parotid MEC undergoing resection with/without RLND. Comparisons between patients with and without RLND were made.

Salivary gland surgery and nonviral respiratory-related hospitalizations in children with neurodevelopmental impairment.

Objectives: Neurodevelopmentally impaired (NI) children with chronic sialorrhea are at elevated risk for aspiration and respiratory tract infections. Direct resection or ligation ("DROOL") of the submandibular glands (SMG) with parotid duct ligation are surgical interventions intended to decrease salivary output. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of DROOL surgery on the incidence of nonviral respiratory-related (NVR) post-procedure hospital encounters including emergency department visits and admissions.

Inpatient Type 1 Thyroplasty Versus Injection Laryngoplasty for Vocal Fold Movement Impairment After Extent type I and II Aortic Repair.

Importance: Vocal fold motion impairment (VFMI) due to neuronal injury is a known complication following thoracic aortic repair that can impair pulmonary toilet function and post-operative recovery.

Objective: To demonstrate clinical outcomes of patients undergoing inpatient vocal fold medialization for VFMI after aortic surgery.

Design: A 15-year retrospective chart review (2005-2019) of 259 patients with postoperative VFMI after thoracic aortic surgery registry was conducted.

Free Flap Inset Techniques in Salvage Laryngopharyngectomy Repair: Impact on Fistula Formation and Function.

Objective: To characterize pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) rates and functional outcomes following microvascular free tissue transfer (MVFTT) reconstruction of salvage total laryngectomy (STL) with a review of two different flap inset techniques and a review of the literature.

Methods: Retrospective review.

Results: Review of the literature revealed 887 patients who underwent STL MVFTT from 14 references.

Prognostic factors associated with achieving total oral diet after glossectomy with microvascular free tissue transfer reconstruction.

Objective: Primary surgery followed by adjuvant therapy is the current standard of care in the multidisciplinary management of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral tongue. Additionally, salvage glossectomy is used to treat recurrent base of tongue SCC. Microvascular free tissue transfer reconstruction (MVFTT) is utilized to maximize functional outcomes such as swallowing.

Routine admission to step-down unit as an alternative to intensive care unit after pediatric supraglottoplasty.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and the outcomes for step-down (SD) unit admission as an alternative to intensive care unit (ICU) admission after supraglottoplasty in the pediatric patient.

Methods: A review of 98 patients who underwent supraglottoplasty from 2012 to 2017 at a tertiary referral pediatric hospital was performed. An SD unit had 1-to-3 nurse-to-patient ratio with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation capability.

Early versus late inpatient awake transcervical injection laryngoplasty after thoracic aortic repair.

Background: Vocal fold movement impairment (VFMI), a known complication following thoracic aortic surgery, has been associated with poorer surgical outcomes, including higher pulmonary complications and longer length of stay (LOS). Awake transcervical injection laryngoplasty in the inpatient setting serves to augment pulmonary toilet function for affected patients. This study investigates clinical outcomes of patients who underwent early versus late injection laryngoplasty following aortic surgery.

Feeding Tube Utilization in Patients with Salivary Gland Malignancies.

Objectives To evaluate feeding tube utilization in patients with salivary gland malignancies (SGMs). Study Design Case series with planned data collection. Setting The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Genome-wide association study identifies common genetic variants associated with salivary gland carcinoma and its subtypes.

Background: Salivary gland carcinomas (SGCs) are a rare malignancy with unknown etiology. The objective of the current study was to identify genetic variants modifying the risk of SGC and its major subtypes: adenoid cystic carcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma.

Methods: The authors conducted a genome-wide association study in 309 well-defined SGC cases and 535 cancer-free controls.

Surveillance direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy in children with tracheostomies.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine utility of surveillance direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy (DLB) in children with chronic tracheostomies by examining the frequency of operative intervention in children undergoing an annual DLB.

Study Design: Retrospective medical record review and analysis of operative findings and interventions.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of all children with tracheostomies who underwent surveillance DLB between 2003 and 2012 at a tertiary children's hospital.

Outcomes of anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery repair: beyond normal function.

Background: Anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is associated with high mortality if left uncorrected. We describe long-term outcomes after surgical repair and ventricular function changes on long-term follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective review of patients who had ALCAPA repair from January 1996 to December 2011 was completed.

Routine computed tomography in the evaluation of vocal fold movement impairment without an apparent cause.

Objective: Routine computed tomography (CT) for vocal fold movement impairment (VFMI) without an apparent cause is common. However, given increased cancer risk associated with ionizing radiation exposure, our purpose is to evaluate the utility of routine scans for these patients.

Study Design: Retrospective case series.

Utility of routine postoperative visit after appendectomy and cholecystectomy with evaluation of mobile technology access in an urban safety net population.

Background: The value of routine postoperative visits after general surgery remains unclear. The objective of this study was to evaluate the utility of routine postoperative visits after appendectomy and cholecystectomy and to determine access to mobile technology as an alternative platform for follow-up.

Methods: Retrospective review of 219 appendectomies and 200 cholecystectomies performed at a safety net hospital.

Contemporary experience with surgical treatment of aortic valve disease in children.

Objectives: Surgical treatment of aortic valve (AoV) disease in childhood involves complex decisions particularly in very small patients. There is no consensus regarding the optimum surgical option. The objective of this review was to analyze a contemporary experience of AoV surgery in a large children's hospital.

Infectious complications and outcomes in children supported with left ventricular assist devices.

Background: Infectious complications constitute a major cause of morbidity and death in adult patients supported with left ventricular assist devices (VADs). The incidence and patient outcomes related to infectious complications in pediatric patients on VAD support remain largely unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of infection among pediatric VAD recipients and to characterize the microbiology, associated risk factors, and clinical outcome.

Insertional mutagenesis by a hybrid piggyBac and sleeping beauty transposon in the rat.

A hybrid piggyBac/Sleeping Beauty transposon-based insertional mutagenesis system that can be mobilized by simple breeding was established in the rat. These transposons were engineered to include gene trap sequences and a tyrosinase (Tyr) pigmentation reporter to rescue the albinism of the genetic background used in the mutagenesis strategy. Single-copy transposon insertions were transposed into the rat genome by co-injection of plasmids carrying the transposon and RNA encoding piggyBac transposase into zygotes.