The barriers and facilitators to the reporting and recording of self-harm in young people aged 18 and under: a systematic review.

Background And Aims: This systematic review sought to identify, explain and interpret the prominent or recurring themes relating to the barriers and facilitators of reporting and recording of self-harm in young people across different settings, such as the healthcare setting, schools and the criminal justice setting.

Methods: A search strategy was developed to ensure all relevant literature around the reporting and recording of self-harm in young people was obtained. Literature searches were conducted in six databases and a grey literature search of policy documents and relevant material was also conducted.

How Do Older Adults Decide to Visit the Emergency Department? Patient and Caregiver Perspectives.

Seniors account for a high number of emergency department (ED) visits, yet little is known about how they decide to visit the ED. This paper reports on the results of surveys completed by 264 seniors who visited the ED and their caregivers and interviews with a subset (N = 51) of survey respondents, aimed at understanding how they decide to visit the ED. Although older adults rely on others to help them decide whether to visit the ED, only a small proportion consult healthcare providers in doing so.

Building Capacity in Long-Term Care: Supporting Homes to Provide Intravenous Therapy.

Background: Typically, long-term care home (LTCH) residents are transferred to hospital to access intravenous (IV) therapy. The aim of this study was to pilot-test an in-home IV therapy service, and to describe outcomes and key informants' perceptions of this service.

Method: This service was pilot-tested in four LTCH in the Hamilton-Niagara region, Ontario.

Factors for Self-Managing Care Following Older Adults' Discharge from the Emergency Department: A Qualitative Study.

Cette étude avait pour but d'identifier les facteurs qui influent sur la capacité des personnes âgées à prendre en charge leur santé après une consultation au service des urgences (SU). Les questionnaires de l'enquête (n = 380) ont été remplis en SU par des personnes âgées et leurs aidants et visaient à évaluer leur perception de la compréhension de l'information qui leur était fournie. Des entrevues (n = 51) ont été réalisées avec un sous-échantillon de participants au cours des quatre semaines suivant leur consultation au SU et ont examiné les facteurs ayant une incidence sur l'autogestion des problèmes de santé.

Trends in Chronic Diseases Reported by Refugees Originating from Burma Resettling to the United States from Camps Versus Urban Areas During 2009-2016.

We examined changes in the prevalence of chronic health conditions among US-bound refugees originating from Burma resettling over 8 years by the type of living arrangement before resettlement, either in camps (Thailand) or in urban areas (Malaysia). Using data from the required overseas medical exam for 73,251 adult (≥ 18 years) refugees originating from Burma resettling to the United States during 2009-2016, we assessed average annual percent change (AAPC) in proportion ≥ 45 years and age- and sex-standardized prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and musculoskeletal disease, by camps versus urban areas. Compared with refugees resettling from camps, those coming from urban settings had higher prevalence of obesity (mean 18.

Polio eradication initiative in Afghanistan, 1997-2013.

Background: This article reviews the epidemiology of polio, acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance, and the implementation of supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) in Afghanistan from 1997 thru 2013.

Methods: Published reports and unpublished national data on polio cases, AFP surveillance, and SIAs were analyzed. Recommendations from independent advisory groups and Afghan government informed the conclusions.

Can celiac serology alone be used as a marker of duodenal mucosal recovery in children with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet?

Objectives: Assessment of treatment response in children with celiac disease (CD) after commencing a strict gluten-free diet (GFD) is generally based on the resolution of clinical features and normalization of serology. Recent adult studies have shown that serologic markers do not correlate with mucosal recovery. We aimed (i) to determine whether anti-tissue transglutaminase immunoglobulin (Ig)A (tTG) and anti-deamidated gliadin peptide IgG (DGP) antibodies are sensitive and specific markers of mucosal recovery in children with CD on a GFD for at least 12 months, and (ii) to determine whether a validated dietary questionnaire of compliance can identify patients with mucosal recovery.

Identification of root causes for emergency diagnostic imaging delays at three Canadian hospitals.

Background: Diagnostic imaging of patients in the emergency department offers numerous opportunities for delay. In an era of ED overcrowding, it is important to identify causes of delay in caring for patients to minimize patient length of stay in the emergency department.

Objectives: This study was intended to: (1) identify each of the steps involved in completing emergency diagnostic imaging investigations; (2) identify points of delay in the process; (3) identify the root causes for delay; and (4) perform a barrier analysis to provide insight into the contribution of the work environment and existing processes to delays.

Autism and thimerosal-containing vaccines: lack of consistent evidence for an association.

Background: In 1999, concerns were raised that vaccines containing the preservative Thimerosal might increase the risk of autism and/or other neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods: Between the mid-1980s through the late-1990s, we compared the prevalence/incidence of autism in California, Sweden, and Denmark with average exposures to Thimerosal-containing vaccines. Graphic ecologic analyses were used to examine population-based data from the United States (national immunization coverage surveys and counts of children diagnosed with autism-like disorders seeking special education services in California); Sweden (national inpatient data on autism cases, national vaccination coverage levels, and information on use of all vaccines and vaccine-specific amounts of Thimerosal); and Denmark (national registry of inpatient/outpatient-diagnosed autism cases, national vaccination coverage levels, and information on use of all vaccines and vaccine-specific amounts of Thimerosal).