Combining deep neural networks, a rule-based expert system and targeted manual coding for ICD-10 coding causes of death of French death certificates from 2018 to 2019.

Objective: For ICD-10 coding causes of death in France in 2018 and 2019, predictions by deep neural networks (DNNs) are employed in addition to fully automatic batch coding by a rule-based expert system and to interactive coding by the coding team focused on certificates with a special public health interest and those for which DNNs have a low confidence index.

Methods: Supervised seq-to-seq DNNs are trained on previously coded data to ICD-10 code multiple causes and underlying causes of death. The DNNs are then used to target death certificates to be sent to the coding team and to predict multiple causes and underlying causes of death for part of the certificates.

The Virtual Geriatric Assessment Interdisciplinary Team Project: Interprofessional Geriatric Training Against the Backdrop of COVID-19.

Interprofessional geriatric education programs enhance trainees' knowledge of older adults, and the valuable contributions health and social care practitioners make to their well-being when specialists work collaboratively. In response to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic restrictions, in-person geriatric interprofessional education (IPE) programs were redesigned for virtual delivery. Nineteen virtual programs were held between September 2020 and December 2022.

Socialisation Agents' Use(fulness) for Older Consumers Learning ICT.

This research investigates the socialisation agents older consumers use to learn about information and communication technologies (ICT). We surveyed 871 older consumers in Victoria, Australia, about whom they would most likely turn to for advice (i.e.

Co-Creating ICT Risk Strategies with Older Australians: A Workshop Model.

As digital inclusion becomes a growing indicator of wellbeing in later life, the ability to understand older adults' preferences for information and communication technologies (ICTs) and develop strategies to support their digital literacy is critical. The barriers older adults face include their perceived ICT risks and capacity to learn. Complexities, including ICT environmental stressors and societal norms, may require concerted engagement with older adults to achieve higher digital literacy competencies.

Risk of lung cancer among women in relation to lifetime history of tobacco smoking: a population-based case-control study in France (the WELCA study).

Background: This study aims to provide new insights on the role of smoking patterns and cigarette dependence in female lung cancer, and to examine differences by histological subtype.

Methods: We conducted a population-based case-control study in the great Paris area among women including 716 incident cases diagnosed between 2014 and 2017 and 757 age-matched controls. Detailed data on smoking history was collected during in-person interviews to assess intensity and duration of tobacco smoking, time since cessation, smoking habits (depth of smoke inhalation, use of filter, type of tobacco, and type of cigarettes) and Fagerström test for cigarette dependence.

Promoting healthy eating in the community sport setting: a scoping review.

Community sport organizations promote beneficial health outcomes such as social connection and physical activity, yet they can also facilitate the consumption of unhealthy food and beverages. To provide a foundation for future research and to inform intervention efforts in this context, this scoping review summarizes existing knowledge of the factors that contribute to unhealthy food and beverage consumption in the community sport setting and explores the interventions to promote healthier choices. Using a qualitative process aligned with the nature of our aims, 228 articles were initially identified and subjected to a systemized appraisal, resulting in 45 articles pertinent to the review.

Biochemically Tracked Variability of Blood Plasma Thawed-State Exposure Times in a Multisite Collection Study.

The integrity of blood plasma/serum (P/S) specimens can be impacted by preanalytical handling and storage conditions that result in thawed-state exposures (> -30°C). We recently reported a simple dilute-and-shoot, intact-protein liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) assay called ΔS-Cys-Albumin that quantifies cumulative exposure of P/S to thawed conditions based on the change in relative abundance of the oxidized (S-cysteinylated) proteoform of albumin (S-Cys-Albumin) in the native sample to that of an aliquot of the sample intentionally driven to its maximum oxidation state. Herein, we evaluated the effect of prestorage delay and initial storage temperature on sample integrity by applying the ΔS-Cys-Albumin assay to a set of plasma samples ( = 413) collected under a single clinical study but from 12 different collection sites.

Women Epidemiology Lung Cancer (WELCA) study: reproductive, hormonal, occupational risk factors and biobank.

Background: Lung cancer aetiology and clinical aspects have been mainly studied in men, although specific risk factors probably exist in women. Here we present the rationale, design and organization of the WELCA study (Women Epidemiology Lung CAncer) that has been launched to investigate lung cancer in women, focusing particularly on hormonal and occupational factors.

Methods/design: WELCA is a population based case-control study and planned to recruit 1000 cases and 1000 controls in three years, based on study power calculation.

Prospective Benefit-Risk Monitoring of New Drugs for Rapid Assessment of Net Favorability in Electronic Health Care Data.

Background: Benefit-risk assessment (BRA) methods can combine measures of benefits and risks into a single value.

Objectives: To examine BRA metrics for prospective monitoring of new drugs in electronic health care data.

Methods: Using two electronic health care databases, we emulated prospective monitoring of three drugs (rofecoxib vs.

Comparison of Benefit-Risk Assessment Methods for Prospective Monitoring of Newly Marketed Drugs: A Simulation Study.

Objectives: To compare benefit-risk assessment (BRA) methods for determining whether and when sufficient evidence exists to indicate that one drug is favorable over another in prospective monitoring.

Methods: We simulated prospective monitoring of a new drug (A) versus an alternative drug (B) with respect to two beneficial and three harmful outcomes. We generated data for 1000 iterations of six scenarios and applied four BRA metrics: number needed to treat and number needed to harm (NNT|NNH), incremental net benefit (INB) with maximum acceptable risk, INB with relative-value-adjusted life-years, and INB with quality-adjusted life-years.

A unified framework for classification of methods for benefit-risk assessment.

Background: Patients, physicians, and other decision makers make implicit but inevitable trade-offs among risks and benefits of treatments. Many methods have been proposed to promote transparent and rigorous benefit-risk analysis (BRA).

Objective: To propose a framework for classifying BRA methods on the basis of key factors that matter most for patients by using a common mathematical notation and compare their results using a hypothetical example.

The diffusion of docetaxel in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

Background: Diffusion of new cancer treatments can be both inefficient and incomplete. The uptake of new treatments over time (diffusion) has not been well studied. We analyzed the diffusion of docetaxel in metastatic prostate cancer.

Compassionate use of bedaquiline for the treatment of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: interim analysis of a French cohort.

Background: Bedaquiline is a new antibiotic that was approved for the treatment of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis. We aimed to evaluate the short-term microbiological efficacy and the tolerability profile of bedaquiline.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study among patients with MDR tuberculosis receiving bedaquiline for compassionate use between January 2010 and July 2013 and evaluated at 6 months of bedaquiline treatment.

A prospective interrupted time series study of interventions to improve the quality, rating, framing and structure of goal-setting in community-based brain injury rehabilitation.

Objective: To investigate whether the introduction of an electronic goals system followed by staff training improved the quality, rating, framing and structure of goals written by a community-based brain injury rehabilitation team.

Design: Interrupted time series design.

Intervention: Two interventions were introduced six months apart.

Comparison of survival outcomes among cancer patients treated in and out of clinical trials.

Background: Clinical trials test the efficacy of a treatment in a select patient population. We examined whether cancer clinical trial patients were similar to nontrial, "real-world" patients with respect to presenting characteristics and survival.

Methods: We reviewed the SWOG national clinical trials consortium database to identify candidate trials.

Paying physician group practices for quality: A statewide quasi-experiment.

This article presents the results of a unique quasi-experiment of the effects of a large-scale pay-for-performance (P4P) program implemented by a leading health insurer in Washington state during 2001-2007. The authors received external funding to provide an objective impact evaluation of the program. The program was unique in several respects: (1) It was designed dynamically, with two discrete intervention periods-one in which payment incentives were based on relative performance (the "contest" period) and a second in which payment incentives were based on absolute performance compared to achievable benchmarks.

Revisiting gerontology's scrapbook: from Metchnikoff to the Spectrum Model of Aging.

The historical roots of gerontology date to a time when old age was characterized as physical and mental decline. Nonetheless, Metchnikoff questioned the inevitability of this decline, believing that quality of life could be improved by broadening our understanding of the science of aging, a multifaceted concept that extends well beyond the biological science interpretation so prevalent in gerontology's history. This article examines foundational gerontological theories in an effort to unravel complex interactions that constitute physiological aging processes, the psychological manifestations of individual adaptation, and the importance of social and spiritual relationships in aging successfully.

Nativity and occupational class disparities in uninsurance and routine preventive care use among Asian Americans.

Using data from 1,530 Asian respondents of the 2002-2003 National Latino and Asian American Study, we examined how nativity and occupational class are associated with uninsurance, no routine physical check-up in the past year and no dental/eye exam use in the past year using weighted multivariate logistic regression models. Recent immigrants had increased odds of uninsurance and no dental/eye exam use than US-born Asians which became nonsignificant after controlling for occupational class and covariates. Unemployed and service workers had increased odds of uninsurance than white-collar workers even after controlling for income and limited English proficiency (LEP).

Glycemic control associated with secure patient-provider messaging within a shared electronic medical record: a longitudinal analysis.

Objective: To study differences in glycemic control and HbA1c testing associated with use of secure electronic patient-provider messaging. We hypothesized that messaging use would be associated with better glycemic control and a higher rate of adherence to HbA1c testing recommendations.

Research Design And Methods: Retrospective observational study of secure messaging at Group Health, a large nonprofit health care system.

Validating the use of ICD-9-CM codes to evaluate gestational age and birth weight.

Background: Efforts to reduce preterm and low-weight births are among the leading public health objectives in the United States and the world. A necessary component of any public health endeavor is surveillance. The Department of Defense (DoD) Birth and Infant Health Registry (Registry) uses electronic healthcare utilization data to assess reproductive health outcomes among military families.

Evaluating community-based participatory research to improve community-partnered science and community health.

Background: Since 2007, the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI) Policy Research Center (PRC) has partnered with the Universities of New Mexico and Washington to study the science of community-based participatory research (CBPR). Our goal is to identify facilitators and barriers to effective community-academic partnerships in American Indian and other communities, which face health disparities.

Objectives: We have described herein the scientific design of our National Institutes of Health (NIH)-funded study (2009-2013) and lessons learned by having a strong community partner leading the research efforts.

Biosynthesis of wine aroma: transcript profiles of hydroxymethylbutenyl diphosphate reductase, geranyl diphosphate synthase, and linalool/nerolidol synthase parallel monoterpenol glycoside accumulation in Gewürztraminer grapes.

In developing grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) berries, precursor volatile organic compounds (PVOCs) are largely stored as glycosides which may be hydrolyzed to release VOCs during fruit ripening, wine making, or aging. VOCs can be further transformed by yeast metabolism.