Understanding Academic Self-Concept and Performance in Medical Education.

Problem: Medical students' academic self-concept (ASC) is an important factor in better understanding noncognitive mediators of performance in medical school. However, research is limited on ASC in medical students across multiple phases of undergraduate medical education curriculum. This pilot study explored the relationship between ASC and academic performance across different phases of a U.

Determinants and Outcomes of In-person Lecture Attendance in Medical School.

Introduction: Attendance at in-person lectures in medical schools is declining with nearly 28.8% of all active, second-year medical students who reported "almost never" attending in-person lectures during their preclinical years. The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between medical student attendance and performance and investigate students' goal orientation as factors influencing their decision to attend.

Examining Bloom's Taxonomy in Multiple Choice Questions: Students' Approach to Questions.

Background: Analytic thinking skills are important to the development of physicians. Therefore, educators and licensing boards utilize multiple-choice questions (MCQs) to assess these knowledge and skills. MCQs are written under two assumptions: that they can be written as higher or lower order according to Bloom's taxonomy, and students will perceive questions to be the same taxonomical level as intended.

Entrustment Decision Making in the Core Entrustable Professional Activities: Results of a Multi-Institutional Study.

Purpose: In 2014, the Association of American Medical Colleges defined 13 Core Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) that all graduating students should be ready to do with indirect supervision upon entering residency and commissioned a 10-school, 5-year pilot to test implementing the Core EPAs framework. In 2019, pilot schools convened trained entrustment groups (TEGs) to review assessment data and render theoretical summative entrustment decisions for class of 2019 graduates. Results were examined to determine the extent to which entrustment decisions could be made and the nature of these decisions.

Revisiting the Core Entrustable Professional Activities for Entering Residency.

The Core EPAs for Entering Residency Pilot project aimed to test the feasibility of implementing 13 entrustable professional activities (EPAs) at 10 U.S. medical schools and to gauge whether the use of the Core EPAs could improve graduates' performance early in residency.

Motivational interviewing in health care: results of a brief training in endocrinology.

Background: Despite the importance of lifestyle change in disease management and the growing evidence supporting motivational interviewing (MI) as an effective counseling method to promote behavioral change, to date there are few published reports about MI training in graduate medical education.

Objective: The study aimed to pilot the feasibility and effectiveness of a brief MI training intervention for endocrinology fellows and other providers.

Methods: We used a pretest/posttest design to evaluate a brief MI training for 5 endocrinology fellows and 9 other providers.

Medical management of the liver transplant recipient.

Long-term survival of liver transplant recipients has become the rule rather than the exception. As a result, the medical complications of long-term survival, including atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, metabolic bone disease, and de novo malignancy, have accounted for an increasing proportion of late morbidity and mortality. Risk factors for these complications begin before transplant and are potentially modifiable but are exacerbated by the requirement for immunosuppressive medications after transplantation.

Tolvaptan for the management of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion: lessons learned in titration of dose.

Objective: To report a patient with idiopathic syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) who developed profound aquaresis with symptomatic extracellular fluid depletion after initiation of therapy with tolvaptan who was later successfully treated with smaller doses of compounded tolvaptan to prevent rapid correction of serum sodium.

Methods: Case report and review of the literature.

Results: A 51-year-old woman was diagnosed with SIADH during admission for elective surgery resulting in multiple complications.

Significance of elevated parathyroid hormone after parathyroidectomy.

Objective: To review the prevalence of parathyroid hormone elevation after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism and to discuss possible mechanisms.

Methods: A Medline search of the English-language literature published between 1990 and 2009 was performed using the search terms "elevated PTH after parathyroidectomy." All of the identified articles reported either prospective or retrospective studies without control groups.

Update on bazedoxifene: a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator.

In the elderly population, osteoporosis is a significant clinical problem leading to disability and even death. Many patients remain untreated, despite effective therapies, because of patients' unwillingness to take current therapies or inability to tolerate the therapies. For this reason, ongoing research continues to search for more effective and tolerable osteoporosis agents.

Study of Selected Outcomes of Medical Students Who Fail USMLE Step 1.

Purpose: Passage of the United States Medical Licensing Exam (USMLE) is required to obtain a medical license in the United States. Currently the majority of US medical schools require passage of USMLE Step 1 for either promotion to the third year or graduation from medical school. Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine (VCUSOM) requires that students take the USMLE but does not require passing of USMLE Step 1 for promotion or graduation.

Novel therapies for osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis remains a significant clinical problem despite effective therapies. Many patients cannot or will not take currently available therapies. For this reason research continues in search of more effective and more tolerable agents.

Novel therapeutic options for osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis remains a significant clinical problem despite effective therapies. Many patients cannot or will not take currently available therapies. For this reason, research continues in search of more effective and more tolerable agents.

COPD and osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis, with resulting fractures, is a significant problem in patients with advanced COPD. The etiology for the bone loss is diverse but includes smoking, vitamin D deficiency, low body mass index, hypogonadism, sedentary lifestyle, and use of glucocorticoids. Effective strategies to prevent bone loss and/or to treat osteoporosis include calcium and vitamin D, hormone replacement when indicated, calcitonin, and bisphosphonate administration.