Relative quantification of polyethylene glycol 400 excreted in the urine of male and female volunteers by direct injection electrospray-selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry.

The use of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as an excipient in oral formulations can have profound and differing effects on drug bioavailability in men and women; therefore an understanding of the pharmacokinetics of this excipient is required. A direct injection electrospray selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry methodology was developed and validated for the quantitation of PEG 400 excreted in human urine after oral administration. The most abundant ions corresponding to PEG 400 oligomers at m/z 365, 409, 453, 497, 541, and 585 were used for selected ion monitoring (SIM).

Polyethylene glycol 400 enhances the bioavailability of a BCS class III drug (ranitidine) in male subjects but not females.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different doses of polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) on the bioavailability of ranitidine in male and female subjects.

Method: Ranitidine (150 mg) was dissolved in 150 ml water with 0 (control), 0.5, 0.

Simple and universal HPLC-UV method to determine cimetidine, ranitidine, famotidine and nizatidine in urine: application to the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human volunteers.

A validated, simple and universal HPLC-UV method for the determination of cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine and ranitidine in human urine is presented. This is the first single HPLC method reported for the analysis of all four H(2) antagonists in human biological samples. This method was also utilized for the analysis of ranitidine and its metabolites in human urine.

Impact of formulation excipients on human intestinal transit.

The accelerating effect of polyethylene glycol 400 on small intestinal transit has been previously reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of other solubility-enhancing excipient, propylene glycol, D-alpha-tocopheryl-polyethylene glycol-1,000 succinate (VitE-TPGS) and Capmul MCM, on human intestinal transit. A 5-g dose of each excipient was administered to seven healthy male subjects.