Nasal immunization of mice with AFCo1 or AFPL1 plus capsular polysaccharide Vi from Salmonella typhi induces cellular response and memory B and T cell responses.

The response to infection against Salmonella involves both B and T cell mediated immunity. An effective immunization can activate an adequate immune response capable to control the primary infection and protect against a secondary infection. Mucosal vaccination, by inducing local pathogen-specific immune responses, has the potential to counter mucosally transmitted pathogens at the portal of entry, thereby increasing the efficacy of vaccines.