RNA Editing Signatures Powered by Artificial Intelligence: A New Frontier in Differentiating Schizophrenia, Bipolar, and Schizoaffective Disorders.

Mental health disorders are devastating illnesses, often misdiagnosed due to overlapping clinical symptoms. Among these conditions, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and schizoaffective disorder are particularly difficult to distinguish, as they share alternating positive and negative mood symptoms. Accurate and timely diagnosis of these diseases is crucial to ensure effective treatment and to tailor therapeutic management to each individual patient.

Impact of successful secondary hyperparathyroidism treatment on cardiovascular morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease KDIGO stages G3b-5.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is common, with a projected increase to 5.4 million people in need of kidney replacement therapy by 2030. As many as 61.

Persisting Hypercalcemia and Hyperparathyroidism after Kidney Transplantation Have a Negative Impact on Graft and Patient Survival.

Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) with hypercalcemia, often deemed irreversible and detrimental to graft survival post-kidney transplantation (KT), prompts pre-transplant parathyroidectomy in hypercalcemic patients. In this retrospective analysis of 1212 kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) between 2006 and 2019, the incidence and effect of persistent HPT and hypercalcemia on graft and patient survival, and risk factors for persistence were analyzed until 60 months of follow up (FU). At KT, 5.

Analysis of different outcome parameters and quality of life after different techniques of free vascularized lymph node transfer.

Objective: Vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT) has become an important surgical technique in the treatment of lymphedema. Considering the different available regions available for flap harvest, we aimed to analyze different donor sites for VLNT with respect to donor site morbidity, impact on limb volume, and patient-reported outcome measurements (PROMs).

Methods: A single-center prospective study of all patients undergoing VLNT at the Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery of the University Hospital Zurich between September 2016 and 2023 was conducted.

Microsurgical central lymphatic reconstruction-the role of thoracic duct lymphovenous anastomoses at different anatomical levels.

Introduction: In recent years advances have been made in the microsurgical treatment of congenital or acquired central lymphatic lesions. While acquired lesions can result from any surgery or trauma of the central lymphatic system, congenital lymphatic lesions can have a variety of manifestations, ranging from singular thoracic duct abnormalities to complex multifocal malformations. Both conditions may cause recurrent chylous effusions and downstream lymphatic congestion depending on the anatomical location of the thoracic duct lesion and are associated with an increased mortality due to the permanent loss of protein and fluid.

Clinical predictors of negative/equivocal SPECT imaging outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism: Factors calling for F-choline-PET.

Purpose: For minimally invasive surgery of parathyroid adenomas, exact localization diagnostics are essential. Main imaging modalities used for diagnostics are sonography, SPECT with/without CT (traditional imaging) and F-choline-PET. The aim of our study was to identify predictors for inconclusive SPECT imaging and subsequently determine in which cases F-choline-PET is needed.

AI algorithm combined with RNA editing-based blood biomarkers to discriminate bipolar from major depressive disorders in an external validation multicentric cohort.

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a leading cause of disability worldwide, as it can lead to cognitive and functional impairment and premature mortality. The first episode of BD is usually a depressive episode and is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD). Growing evidence indicates that peripheral immune activation and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of BD and MDD.

Opposing Effects of Cannabidiol in Patient-derived Neuroendocrine Tumor, Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma Primary Cultures.

Context: Treatment options for advanced neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are still limited. In recent years, antitumor effects of cannabinoids have been reported; however, there are only very limited data available in NETs or PPGLs.

Objective: Investigation of the effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on patient-derived human NET/PPGL primary cultures and on NET/PPGL cell lines.

Lower Rates of Hypocalcemia Following Near-Infrared Autofluorescence Use in Thyroidectomy: A Meta-Analysis of RCTs.

Background: Iatrogenic injury of the parathyroid glands is the most frequent complication after total thyroidectomy.

Objective: To determine the effectiveness of near-infrared autofluorescence (NIRAF) in reducing postoperative hypocalcemia following total thyroidectomy.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases were searched.

Quality of Life and Independent Factors Associated with Poor Digestive Function after Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy.

Transthoracic esophagectomy results in a radical change in foregut anatomy with multiple consequences for digestive physiology. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with poor functional outcomes by assessing multiple dimensions of digestive performance and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Patients with cancer-free survival after Ivor Lewis esophagectomy were included.

PD-L1 and HIF-2α Upregulation in Head and Neck Paragangliomas after Embolization.

Hypoxia activates pathways associated with tumor progression, metastatic spread, and alterations in the immune microenvironment leading to an immunosuppressive phenotype. In particular, the upregulation of PD-L1, a target for therapy with checkpoint inhibitors, is well-studied in several tumors. However, the relationship between hypoxia and PD-L1 regulation in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGL), and especially in paragangliomas treated with embolization, is still largely unexplored.

Pre-traumatic antibiotic-induced microbial depletion reduces neuroinflammation in acute murine traumatic brain injury.

The connection between dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and diseases and injuries of the brain has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Interestingly, antibiotic-induced microbial dysbiosis has been implicated in the pathogenesis of traumatic brain injury (TBI), while early administration of antibiotics associates with improved survival in TBI patients. In animal models of TBI, short- or long-term administration of antibiotics, both peri- or post-operatively, were shown to induce gut microbiome dysbiosis but also anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects.

Prospective clinical cohort study: low incidence of Barrett esophagus but high rate of reflux disease at 5-year follow-up after sleeve gastrectomy versus Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease seems more frequent after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) than Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB). Retrospective case series have raised concerns about a high incidence of Barrett esophagus (BE) after LSG.

Objective: This prospective clinical cohort study compared the incidence of BE ≥5 years after LSG and LRYGB.

Hiatus hernia repair with a new-generation biosynthetic mesh: a 4-year single-center experience.

Background: Mesh augmentation is a highly controversial adjunct of hiatus hernia (HH) surgery. The current scientific evidence remains unclear and even experts disagree on indications and surgical techniques. With an aim to avoid the downsides of both non-resorbable synthetic and biological materials, biosynthetic long-term resorbable meshes (BSM) have recently been developed and are becoming increasingly popular.

A game changer for bipolar disorder diagnosis using RNA editing-based biomarkers.

In clinical practice, differentiating Bipolar Disorder (BD) from unipolar depression is a challenge due to the depressive symptoms, which are the core presentations of both disorders. This misdiagnosis during depressive episodes results in a delay in proper treatment and a poor management of their condition. In a first step, using A-to-I RNA editome analysis, we discovered 646 variants (366 genes) differentially edited between depressed patients and healthy volunteers in a discovery cohort of 57 participants.

Personalized drug testing in human pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma primary cultures.

Aggressive pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are difficult to treat, and molecular targeting is being increasingly considered, but with variable results. This study investigates established and novel molecular-targeted drugs and chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of PPGLs in human primary cultures and murine cell line spheroids. In PPGLs from 33 patients, including 7 metastatic PPGLs, we identified germline or somatic driver mutations in 79% of cases, allowing us to assess potential differences in drug responsivity between pseudohypoxia-associated cluster 1-related (n = 10) and kinase signaling-associated cluster 2-related (n = 14) PPGL primary cultures.

Performances of rapid and connected salivary RT-LAMP diagnostic test for SARS-CoV-2 infection in ambulatory screening.

In the context of social events reopening and economic relaunch, sanitary surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infection is still required. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic performances of a rapid, extraction-free and connected reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay on saliva. Nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and saliva from 443 outpatients were collected simultaneously and tested by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) as reference standard test.

Endoscopic vacuum therapy in the upper gastrointestinal tract: when and how to use it.

Background: Endoscopic vacuum therapy (EVT) has emerged as a novel treatment option for upper gastrointestinal wall defects. The basic principle of action of EVT entails evacuation of secretions, removal of wound debris, and containment of the defect. Furthermore, there is increasing evidence that EVT reduces interstitial edema, increases oxygen saturation, and promotes tissue granulation and microcirculation.

Current surgical concepts for type III hiatal hernia: a survey among members of the Swiss Society of Visceral Surgery.

Aims Of The Study: Surgery for large hiatal hernias has greatly evolved over the last decade, but there is an ongoing controversy regarding many technical aspects, such as the use of meshes or the necessity to add a fundoplication. The purpose of this survey was to assess the current spectrum of surgical care for mixed axial and paraoesophageal hiatal hernias (type III hiatal hernia) in Switzerland.

Methods: In April 2020, we conducted a web-based survey comprising 25 questions on surgical management of type III hiatal hernia among members of the Swiss Society for Visceral Surgery.

Preemptive Endoluminal Vacuum Therapy to Reduce Morbidity After Minimally Invasive Ivor Lewis Esophagectomy: Including a Novel Grading System for Postoperative Endoscopic Assessment of GI-Anastomoses.

Objective: Preemptive endoluminal vacuum therapy (pEVT) is a novel concept to reduce postoperative morbidity and has the potential to disrupt current treatment paradigms for patients undergoing esophagectomy.

Summary Of Background Data: Endoluminal vacuum therapy is an accepted treatment for AL after esophagectomy.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy with pEVT between 11/2017 and 10/2020.

Pivotal Role for Cxcr2 in Regulating Tumor-Associated Neutrophil in Breast Cancer.

Chemokines present in the tumor microenvironment are essential for the control of tumor progression. We show here that several ligands of the chemokine receptor Cxcr2 were up-regulated in the PyMT (polyoma middle T oncogene) model of breast cancer. Interestingly, the knock-down of Cxcr2 in PyMT animals led to an increased growth of the primary tumor and lung metastasis.

Functional syndromes and symptom-orientated aftercare after esophagectomy.

Background: Surgery is the cornerstone of esophageal cancer treatment but remains burdened with significant postoperative changes of gastrointestinal function and quality of life.

Purpose: The aim of this narrative review is to assess and summarize the current knowledge on postoperative functional syndromes and quality of life after esophagectomy for cancer, and to provide orientation for the reader in the challenging field of functional aftercare.

Conclusions: Post-esophagectomy syndromes include various conditions such as dysphagia, reflux, delayed gastric emptying, dumping syndrome, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea.

Pre-Emptive Endoluminal Negative Pressure Therapy at the Anastomotic Site in Minimally Invasive Transthoracic Esophagectomy (the preSPONGE Trial): Study Protocol for a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Anastomotic leakage (AL) accounts for a significant proportion of morbidity following oesophagectomy. Endoluminal negative pressure (ENP) therapy via a specifically designed polyurethane foam (EsoSponge, B.Braun Medical, Melsungen, Germany) has become the standard of care for AL in many specialized centres.