SHH-N non-canonically sustains androgen receptor activity in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells.

Prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosed in men worldwide. Localized disease can be successfully treated, but advanced cases are more problematic. After initial effectiveness of androgen deprivation therapy, resistance quickly occurs.

GANT61 and Lithium Chloride Inhibit the Growth of Head and Neck Cancer Cell Lines Through the Regulation of GLI3 Processing by GSK3β.

Several signaling pathways are aberrantly activated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), including the Hedgehog-Gli (HH-GLI), WNT, EGFR, and NOTCH pathways. The HH-GLI pathway has mostly been investigated in the context of canonical signal transduction and the inhibition of the membrane components of the pathway. In this work we investigated the role of downstream inhibitors GANT61 and lithium chloride (LiCl) on cell viability, wound closure, and colony forming ability of HNSCC cell lines.

Polymorphisms in Survivin ( Gene) Are Associated with Age of Onset in Breast Cancer Patients.

Survivin, encoded by gene (baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5), belongs to the family of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). In mammalian cells it participates in the control of mitosis, apoptosis regulation, and cellular stress response. Its expression is increased in almost all types of cancers.

Expression profiles of p53/p73, NME and GLI families in metastatic melanoma tissue and cell lines.

Unlike other tumours, TP53 is rarely mutated in melanoma; however, it fails to function as a tumour suppressor. We assume that its functions might be altered through interactions with several families of proteins, including p53/p73, NME and GLI. To elucidate the potential interplay among these families we analysed the expression profiles of aforementioned genes and proteins in a panel of melanoma cell lines, metastatic melanoma specimens and healthy corresponding tissue.

Regulation of Survivin Isoform Expression by GLI Proteins in Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal female gynecological malignancy, mostly due to diagnosis in late stages when treatment options are limited. Hedgehog-GLI (HH-GLI) signaling is a major developmental pathway involved in organogenesis and stem cell maintenance, and is activated in OC. One of its targets is survivin (), an inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) that plays a role in multiple processes, including proliferation and cell survival.

Role of GLI Transcription Factors in Pathogenesis and Their Potential as New Therapeutic Targets.

GLI transcription factors have important roles in intracellular signaling cascade, acting as the main mediators of the HH-GLI signaling pathway. This is one of the major developmental pathways, regulated both canonically and non-canonically. Deregulation of the pathway during development leads to a number of developmental malformations, depending on the deregulated pathway component.

Potential hot spot for de novo mutations in PTCH1 gene in Gorlin syndrome patients: a case report of twins from Croatia.

We describe a case of twins with sporadic Gorlin syndrome. Both twins had common Gorlin syndrome features including calcification of the falx cerebri, multiple jaw keratocysts, and multiple basal cell carcinomas, but with different expressivity. One brother also had benign testicular mesothelioma.

Non-canonical Hedgehog signaling activation in ovarian borderline tumors and ovarian carcinomas.

Hedgehog signaling pathway has been implicated in the pathology of ovarian cancer, and Survivin (BIRC5) has been suggested as a novel target of this pathway. Herein we investigated the role of Hedgehog signaling pathway and Survivin in ovarian carcinoma and borderline tumor samples. We aimed to determine possible ways of pathway modulation on primary ovarian cancer cells and an established cell line.

Hedgehog Signaling Pathway as Genetic and Epigenetic Target in Ovarian Tumors.

Background: Hedgehog signaling pathway is a developmental pathway mostly inactive in adult tissues, with the exception of stem cells. It is often found upregulated in various tumors, and associated with cancer stem cell maintenance.

Methods: This review focuses on different aspects of Hedgehog activation in tumors, with special emphasis on ovarian tumors and their treatment.

GSK3β and Gli3 play a role in activation of Hedgehog-Gli pathway in human colon cancer - Targeting GSK3β downregulates the signaling pathway and reduces cell proliferation.

The role of Hedgehog-Gli (Hh-Gli) signaling in colon cancer tumorigenesis has not yet been completely elucidated. Here we provide strong evidence of Hh-Gli signaling involvement in survival of colon cancer cells, with the main trigger of activation being deregulated GSK3β. Our clinical data reveals high expression levels of GSK3β and Gli3 in human colon cancer tissue samples, with positive correlation between GSK3β expression and DUKES' stage.

Regulation of human PTCH1b expression by different 5' untranslated region cis-regulatory elements.

PTCH1 gene codes for a 12-pass transmembrane receptor with a negative regulatory role in the Hedgehog-Gli signaling pathway. PTCH1 germline mutations cause Gorlin syndrome, a disorder characterized by developmental abnormalities and tumor susceptibility. The autosomal dominant inheritance, and the evidence for PTCH1 haploinsufficiency, suggests that fine-tuning systems of protein patched homolog 1 (PTC1) levels exist to properly regulate the pathway.

Combination of cyclopamine and tamoxifen promotes survival and migration of mcf-7 breast cancer cells--interaction of hedgehog-gli and estrogen receptor signaling pathways.

Hedgehog-Gli (Hh-Gli) signaling pathway is one of the new molecular targets found upregulated in breast tumors. Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) signaling has a key role in the development of hormone-dependent breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the effects of inhibiting both pathways simultaneously on breast cancer cell survival and the potential interactions between these two signaling pathways.