Update on Sexual Dimorphism in Brain Structure-Function Interrelationships: A Literature Review.

A remarkable feature of the human brain is its sexual dimorphism. While it is well documented that the sexual dimorphism in brain structure and function exists, its clinical implications in healthy individuals as well as in those who suffer from various neuropsychiatric disorders remain to be further explored. The present paper aims to provide an overview of the remarkable features and the fundamental characteristics of the sexual dimorphism in brain performance along with clinical implications based on the review of the relevant meta-analyses published up-to-date.