Publications by authors named "Diana Souza de Oliveira"

Visceral leishmaniasis is a disease caused by protozoa of the species (syn = ) and , which are transmitted by hematophagous insects of the genera and . The domestic dog () is considered the main urban reservoir of the parasite due to the high parasite load on its skin, serving as a source of infection for sandfly vectors and, consequently, perpetuating the disease in the urban environment. Some factors are considered important in the perpetuation and spread of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in urban areas, such as stray dogs, with their errant behavior, and houses that have backyards with trees, shade, and organic materials, creating an attractive environment for sandfly vectors.

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The development of prophylactic vaccines is important in preventing and controlling diseases such as visceral leishmaniasis (VL), in addition to being an economic measure for public health. Despite the efforts to develop a vaccine against human VL caused by , none is available, and the focus has shifted to developing vaccines against canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL). Currently, commercially available vaccines are targeted at CVL but are not effective.

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Dogs with visceral leishmaniasis play a key role in the transmission cycle of to humans in the urban environment. There is a consensus regarding the importance of developing a vaccine to control this disease. Despite many efforts to develop a protective vaccine against CVL, the ones currently available, Leish-tec and LetiFend, have limited effectiveness.

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Article Synopsis
  • * After many years of research, the WHO has approved the RTS,S malaria vaccine for use in children in high-risk areas, but further enhancements are needed for better effectiveness against the disease.
  • * The review highlights innovative vaccine design strategies, particularly multi-component vaccines and transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs), aimed at disrupting the parasite’s lifecycle to improve malaria control efforts.
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Article Synopsis
  • * Vaccination presents a safer, environmentally-friendly alternative, with vaccines like TickGARD® and Gavac® showing varying success in different regions.
  • * Research is ongoing to identify and test more effective antigens for tick vaccines, aiming to improve efficacy and potentially provide cross-reactivity against other tick species and diseases.
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Ticks are considered the most important vectors in veterinary medicine with a profound impact on animal health worldwide, as well as being key vectors of diseases affecting household pets. The leading strategy applied to dog tick control is the continued use of acaricides. However, this approach is not sustainable due to surging tick resistance, growing public concern over pesticide residues in food and in the environment, and the rising costs associated with their development.

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by digenetic protozoa of the genus , is the most severe form of leishmaniasis. is one of the species responsible for VL and the disease caused is considered a zoonosis whose main reservoir is the dog. Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) can lead to the death of the animal if left untreated.

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