Induction of Bystander and Abscopal Effects after Electroporation-Based Treatments.

Electroporation-based antitumor therapies, including bleomycin electrotransfer, calcium electroporation, and irreversible electroporation, are very effective on directly treated tumors, but have no or low effect on distal nodules. In this study, we aimed to investigate the abscopal effect following calcium electroporation and bleomycin electrotransfer and to find out the effect of the increase of IL-2 serum concentration by muscle transfection. The bystander effect was analyzed in in vitro studies on 4T1tumor cells, while abscopal effect was investigated in an in vivo setting using Balb/c mice bearing 4T1 tumors.

Ca roles in electroporation-induced changes of cancer cell physiology: From membrane repair to cell death.

The combination of Ca ions and electroporation has gained attention as potential alternative to electrochemotherapy. Ca is an important component of the cell membrane repair system and its presence directly influences the dynamics of the pore cycle after electroporation which can be exploited for cancer therapies. Here, the influence of Ca concentration is investigated on small molecule electrotransfer and release of Calcein from 4T1, MX-1, B16F10, U87 cancer cells after cell exposure to microsecond electric pulses.

Sudden Cell Death Induced by Ca Delivery via Microbubble Cavitation.

Intracellular calcium ion delivery via sonoporation has been validated to be a substitute for classical chemotherapy. However, the mechanism behind calcium sonoporation remains unclear to this day. To elucidate the role of calcium in the process of sonoporation, we aimed to investigate the influence of different calcium concentration on cell membrane permeabilization and cell viability after sonoporation.

Extracellular-Ca-Induced Decrease in Small Molecule Electrotransfer Efficiency: Comparison between Microsecond and Nanosecond Electric Pulses.

Electroporation-a transient electric-field-induced increase in cell membrane permeability-can be used to facilitate the delivery of anticancer drugs for antitumour electrochemotherapy. In recent years, Ca electroporation has emerged as an alternative modality to electrochemotherapy. The antitumor effect of calcium electroporation is achieved as a result of the introduction of supraphysiological calcium doses.

A Novel Method for Controlled Gene Expression via Combined Bleomycin and Plasmid DNA Electrotransfer.

Electrochemotherapy is an efficient method for the local treatment of cutaneous and subcutaneous metastases, but its efficacy as a systemic treatment remains low. The application of gene electrotransfer (GET) to transfer DNA coding for immune system modulating molecules could allow for a systemic effect, but its applications are limited because of possible side effects, e.g.